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source: Penetration of renewables and reduction of synchronous inertia in the European power system–Analysis and solutions https://asset-ec.eu/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/EC_EUES_4NT_0631748_000_01_NTE.pdf 

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Why California is shutting down its last nuclear plant

https://www.msn.com/en-us/money/markets/why-california-is-shutting-down-its-last-nuclear-plant/ar-AAP4uiP?ocid=winp1taskbar

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source: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2019.04.062 

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source: WGRID-49 GMLC Project Report: Understanding the Role of Short-Term Energy Storage and Large Motor Loads for Active Power Controls by Wind Power https://doi.org/10.2172/1558905

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source: 10.1109/TPWRS.2019.2912414

team Australia

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dv/dt criterion

source: 10.1049/cp.2020.0056

fast fault detection algorithm using dv/dt criterion

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VSC-HVDC fault

source: 10.3389/fenrg.2020.00033

During fault conditions in an HVDC grid, two critical situations take place: the voltage drops sharply and the current increases rapidly to very high values, which is critical in grids with voltage source converters (VSC), the modern HVDC technology. Its power electronic devices can withstand only twice its rated current (Baran and Mahajan, 2007) and not the high fault-induced currents. If the fault is not cleared very fast, the VSC converter disconnects for self-protection. 

Protection algorithm: Some types of local-measurement-based algorithms are the overcurrent (Yang et al., 2010) and under-voltage algorithms (Leterme et al., 2015), which make use of the current and voltage magnitudes, respectively, and the rate-of-change-of-current (Geddada et al., 2018) and rate-of-change-of-voltage (Sneath and Rajapakse, 2015).

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source: 10.1109/MPAE.2007.329194

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https://moit.gov.vn/tin-tuc/phat-trien-nang-luong/thieu-dien-trung-quoc-siet-kiem-soat-nang-luong.html

Tình trạng thiếu điện khiến Trung Quốc thường xuyên phải cắt điện ở một số khu vực hàng năm, nhưng tần suất đã tăng đáng kể từ nửa cuối năm 2020.

Giới phân tích cho rằng thiếu hụt than đá và nỗ lực cắt giảm khí phát thải của Bắc Kinh là nguyên nhân chính dẫn tới điều này, đồng thời cảnh báo những đợt gián đoạn năng lượng tiếp theo có nguy cơ làm trầm trọng lạm phát và sụt giảm sản xuất.

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doi: 10.1109/TPWRS.2014.2316974 

Ireland: There is currently 1000 MW of HVDC interconnection with the much larger Great Britain system. (2014)

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https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2016.06.082

Denmark: Wind integration at this penetration level is supported by strong interconnections to neighboring systems and well-functioning international electricity markets.

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https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2019.03.045

penetration percentage