#dna research

[trekkitkat]

Friendly reminder that DNA evidence proves that Jewish populations around the world including Ashkenazi, Sephardi and Mizrahi have common ancestry originating in the Levant. Whatever your political/religious leanings, it cannot be argued that Israel is the ancestral home of the Jewish ethnoculture. That is a fact backed up by scientific evidence in many fields.

Arguing that Jews don’t belong in Israel is like saying the Lakota don’t belong in North America or the Noongar don’t belong in Australia.

[imperium-romanum]

Tartu University researchers help reveal Scythians' true identity | ERR News

Researchers at the University of Tartu have led the way in uncovering the history of the Scythians, nomadic peoples who inhabited vast swathes of southern Russia, Ukraine and central Asia from around the 9th century BC to the 4th century AD.

From ERR News

“Researchers at the University of Tartu have led the way in uncovering the history of the Scythians, nomadic peoples who inhabited vast swathes of southern Russia, Ukraine and central Asia from around the 9th century BC to the 4th century AD.”

“Given their distance in time (the Scythians were mentioned by Herodotus who lived in the fifth century BC), there are still large gaps in knowledge as to who the Scythians really were.”

Continue reading

[wolveswolves]

DNA traces prove wolf was in Dutch province Flevoland 

August 8, 2018 - Early last month, two sheep were bitten in township Zeewolde. DNA research showed a wolf is responsible. This is the first evidence that a wolf has been in Flevoland.

How the wolf ended up in Zeewolde is unclear. The wolf must have either swam across one of the surrounding bordering lakes, or crossed a bridge, wolf expert Hugh Jansman from the Univeristy of Wageningen says. “Wolves are strong enough to swim across large lakes, and can cross bridges at night when it’s quiet.”

This spring, 6 different wolves visited the Netherlands. A specific DNA technique called microsatellite analysis shows the sex and origin of individual wolves. This method requires a better quality of DNA samples, so it wasn’t possible to conduct this research on all cases. Also, a profile of the concerning animal - or its parents or direct relatives - needs to be already known in order to determine their origin. 

This researh shows that this spring, 3 male and 3 female wolves have been in the Netherlands. Two of the males were brothers. The map below depicts the locations of the determined individuals. Each individual has its own colour. Circles are females, triangles are males. 

I’m so excited about this news, Flevoland is the province where my hometown is. I’m secretly hoping they somehow make their way to the Oostvaardersplassen, which is a nature preserve in Flevoland with a greatly imbalanced ecosystem (the ungulates (Konik horses, red deer, and heck cattle) are extremely overpopulated and where are no natural predators). 

Source, source

[alix-universe]

Tracing My Maternal Great-Grandfathers

Ever since I discovered the science of DNA, I’ve been fascinated by how it can reunite families, uncover lost connections, and reveal relatives you never knew existed.

Today, I have more than 5,000 DNA‑tested living relatives around the world—ranging from 1st cousins to 10th cousins, and likely many more who simply haven’t tested yet. It’s both surprising and amazing to see how far a family line can spread.

Out of those relatives, about 1,390 are living cousins mostly located across the Americas, including the United States. The rest of the 5,000+ are scattered throughout the world.

What makes my maternal line especially rare is my oldest mtDNA haplogroup, N1a, only two of my living relatives belong to this same ancient branch. To give you a perspective, there are only about 8,000 tested living descendants of mtDNA Haplogroup N1 worldwide—an extremely small number compared to the global population.

My second‑oldest maternal mtDNA haplogroup is R0, and I have only nine living relatives in that branch. R0 is the ancestral clade of HV, H, and V. These relatives are located in the United States, Germany, and other parts of the European Union. Globally, there are only about 125,000 tested living descendants of R0, which is still very small on a world scale.

R0 originated in the Arabian Peninsula and later expanded into Europe. It has been found in Southern European populations such as Spain, Italy, and Sicily, as well as Austria, Germany, Hungary, and Romania.

The mtDNA R0 haplogroup is historically associated with figures such as Agnes of Waiblingen (1072–1143 CE) and Friedrich III Barbarossa, Duke of Swabia (1147–1152). This means that only a small number of living people today share direct maternal ancestry with members of the House of Hohenstaufen and the House of Babenberg.

After R0, the next major branch in my maternal line is H, which is the most common mtDNA haplogroup in Europe—present in about 50% of the population. Then finally A2.

Based on my maternal ancestry timeline and maternal migration patterns, it appears that:

My maternal great‑grandmother was likely 100% Italian, born between 1830 and 1890 (closed, she was born around 1892)

My 3rd‑great‑grandmother was likely 100% Spaniard, with ancestry from Andalusia, Asturias, Castile, and the Basque region, born between 1740 and 1830.

My 4th‑great‑grandmother appears to have been of Basque Spanish and Southern Italian descent.

My 5th‑ or possibly 6th‑great‑grandmother was a Spaniard from Galicia, born between 1710 and 1800. She was likely mixed, and I also see Mesoamerican ancestry dating to the same period (1710–1800). She also had Canary Islander and North African ancestry. Just to give you an idea, I only inherited approximately 0.3% Canary Islander and 3% North African (Algeria, Egypt) from my maternal line.

From my maternal ancestry overall, I inherited 58% mostly Spanish (a combination of all the regions mentioned above), and within that, 7% Italian from my Italian great-grandmother. My mother inherited probably the most of her and she's also Caucatian.

And my A2 haplogroup, which connects to my Mesoamerican and Icelandic/Siberian & Greenland ancestors shown in my historical DNA matches.

This does not surprise me, since I have family from Nicaragua, and I can trace when those marriages occurred—during and after the establishment of the Viceroyalty of New Spain. However, my most recent maternal ancestor (my great‑grandmother) was of Italian descent. She was the mother of my grandmother, and her haplogroup was probably R0, HV, or H, based on my mtDNA ancestral path. She was Caucasian, as were my 3rd‑, 4th‑, and 5th‑great‑grandmothers. My 6th‑great‑grandmother, however, was mixed.

It is important to note that mtDNA ancestry timelines trace ancient maternal migration paths, which is not the same as race or ethnicity. A person can be born in one country, but their mtDNA may trace back to a completely different region. For example, someone born in Germany to German parents may still have mtDNA that traces back to Iberia or Italy.

I was able to determine who my 5th‑ and 6th‑great‑grandmothers married from my maternal Grand-Mother's Great-Grandfathers relatives and through my maternal male cousins and DNA matches (especially from male cousins who carry the Y‑chromosome line of my maternal Grand-mother's great‑grandfathers).

It has been challenging and a work in progress. So the rest of this research is about maternal Grand-Mother's Great-Grandfathers. Meaning my grandmother's father and his family line (his mom and dad, grandfathers and great-grandparents). To explain it, I marked who was my maternal Grand-Mother's Great-Grandfather and subsequently Great-grandfathers and how they are connected in the DNA tree. See the Red Dotted marks in this graphic. That's why it's challenging because mtDNA is passed to daughters only from the mother.

Based on my discoveries and surname tracing, my 6th maternal Great‑grandfather was José Antonio Lacayo de Briones y Palacios, a Captain General in the Spanish Royal Army, who served as Governor of Costa Rica (1713–1717) and Governor of Nicaragua (1740–1745). He was born on August 13, 1679, in Viana, Navarra, Spain, a historic walled city founded in 1219 by Sancho VII “The Strong.” He was born on August 13, 1679 and passed away in Granada, Nicaragua, in 1756. He was the son of Josef Lacayo de Briones y García de Aragón, who came from a noble family with relatives who held prominent positions in the kingdoms of Castile and Navarre, including lawyers of the Royal Councils.

His life is documented by the Royal Academy of History in Spain. He served the Spanish Crown under King Philip V and King Ferdinand VI. In 1711 he married Bárbara Rosa del Pomar y Villegas who was born in Viana, Spain in 1690. They married in Granada, Nicaragua. These ancestors were from his maternal line. They had at least three sons and three daughters.

One of their sons, Col. Simón Lacayo de Briones y Pomar married Micaela Vásquez de Montiel y Echeverría Navarro, who was born in Granada, Nicaragua. Her father was Diego Vásquez de Montiel y Ocón Trillo, born 12 May 1677 in Granada, Nicaragua which was part of the Captaincy General of Guatemala, of the Viceroyalty of New Spain. Her mother was Sebastiana De Echeverría Navarro y Muñóz-Hidalgo born in Granada, Nicaragua.

Diego Vásquez de Montiel y Ocón Trillo's nationality was Spanish, and his 4th‑great‑grandfather was Spanish Explorer Juan Vázquez de Coronado y Anaya.

Juan Vázquez de Coronado gained a reputation for fairness, effective administration, and maintaining good relationships with the native population. He was the nephew of Francisco Vázquez de Coronado y Luján, who explored the southwestern United States between 1540 and 1542.

Spanish family whose members became deeply rooted in Central America during the colonial period. Today, our descendants are found throughout Central America, with significant branches in Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Spain, and the United States.

Several prominent military and political figures in the region trace their ancestry to this line. Among them is General José Antonio Lacayo de Briones y Palacios and Colonel Simón Lacayo de Briones y Pomar. Genealogical records confirm that the Lacayo de Briones, Palacios and Pomar family produced multiple high‑ranking military officers, presidents and public officials across generations in Nicaragua and Costa Rica.

Over time, the family branched into several surnames and others—many of which remain prominent in Nicaragua today. These branches form an extensive network of relatives whose shared ancestry is well documented in genealogical sources.

My maternal Great-Grandfather was Salazar rooted in Spanish ancestry. His immediate and distant family surnames were Montiel, Lacayo, Sacasa and he was a distant cousins of General Mariano Salazar Montealegre and his brother General José Trinidad Salazar Montealegre.

All of my surnames come from my maternal ancestry (from my great-grandmothers and great-grandfathers) and are of Spanish descent. Both Ferdinand and Jimenez also have roots in Spanish heritage from a different family branch.

My research focuses on genealogy and historical lineage, not political interpretation. The historical record clearly shows that Spanish colonial administrators, soldiers, and settlers formed families and long‑lasting kinship networks in Central America. The existence of my family line and extended relatives is one example of these coexisting relationships between Spain and its colonies.

I am not done since I am still tracing my Mother father's ancestry or my maternal grandfather who is Jimenez and from a different branch. However it's not difficult to link the families because my great-grand-parents were distant cousins and so were my grandmother and grandfather. Which explains why in my DNA I was able to trace back several cousins and relatives who carry the same last names from those ancestors.

And we extend our geanology ties from the 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th and 6th Great-Grandmothers.

[alix-universe]

Tracing My Grandfather’s Paternal Genealogy

When I began researching my family's DNA, I wasn’t quite sure where to start or how to trace my grandfather’s immediate relatives since he was the only son. His siblings such as half-brothers and half-sisters have all passed away, and many of his paternal close relatives are now living abroad, which made this research even more challenging. To overcome this, I decided to take several DNA tests in hopes of identifying living relatives on my mother’s side—here in the United States, Europe and Nicaragua where my grandfather was born in 1927.

One challenge I quickly ran into was biological: because my grandfather is my mother’s father, therefore I don't carry his mtDNA nor his Y-DNA, since I am a woman. That means, I couldn’t trace his paternal linage directly through my own DNA. Instead, I had to rely on matches from living descendants from my mother's family—cousins, second cousins family connections, last-names and genetic threads might still be woven into the fabric of his lineage.

My grandfather is definitely of Iberian descent too, also Irish & English. And apparently Germanic, Turkish or perhaps Italian ancestry. However, I'm still actively validating his family origins.

In previous blogs I wrote that my earliest mtDNA ancestors were descendants of Danish and Icelandic Vikings from the 900 CE - 1300 CE period and a Hungarian Sarmatian from the 100 CE - 400 CE period. However a new development has arisen from my DNA ancestral discoveries that were from an Early Medieval Iberians population from the Period of 566 CE to 900 CE from the region of Castile and León in Northern Spain. There is no doubt my ancestors were largely from Spain.

Which explains why Spanish Iberian is the largest percentage in my family's DNA. That's why both of my surnames—Ferdinand and Jimenez—are also rooted in Iberian heritage. Both last names are linked to my mother's family since I removed my paternal last name.

Ferdinand which originated from the ancient Visigothic describes the people who formed the Visigothic kingdom in the Iberian Peninsula from the 5th to the 8th centuries CE. The name was introduced to Spain in the 15th Century from Austria and from there it was adopted by France and Germany.

Other variations linked to the same last name are Fernando and Ferdin. The name was famously linked to King Ferdinand III of Castile and León (1198–1252) known also as Don Fernando King of Castile from 1217 and King of León from 1230 as well as King of Galicia from 1231.

The name and surname Jimenez which originated in Spain as the ruling House and dynasty of the combined Kingdoms of Navarre, Aragon, Castile, Leon and Galicia was founded in 835 by Prince García Jiménez of Pamplona. He was also related to King Alfonzo VI of Leon and Castile "The Brave", who also belonged to the House of Jimenez.

Interestingly, a discovery I made through my 2nd and 3rd male cousins is that their Y-DNA revealed all my cousins with last name Jimenez belong to Haplogroup R-P25_1 and also Haplogroups: R-P311 and R-P310 which are the haplogroups genetically linked to Nicolaus Copernicus.

Also Haplogroup R-P25_1 is a descent from haplogroup R-M343 or the Haplogroup of King Tutankhamun. The time of its divergence from R-M343 can be estimated to be approximately 3,000 years.

Copernicus was an astronomer, mathematician and cannon lawyer who was famously known for breaking with the Church's teachings and proposing his Heliocentric theory. He published a book in 1543 De revolutionibus orbium coelestium explaining his scientific breakthrough in which he proposed the Earth revolved around the sun, contrary to the Church's teaching that the Earth was the center of the universe. He was born to German-speaking parents in the city of Toruń, which was part of the Polish Crown.

Another present Haplogroup in a few of my grandfather's relatives (living male cousin) carrying his last names is R-M512 (descended from haplogroup R-M420 Haplogroup) also known by several other names, including R-M17 and R-M198.

The most prominent connection linked to Haplogroup R-M512, R-M420 and R-M198 is Beethoven's Cramolini-Brown Lock which purported to be a lock of hair collected from Ludwig van Beethoven’s corpse the day after his death, March 27th, 1827, by operatic tenor Ludwig Cramolini. It was acquired at auction in 2015 from RR Auction by three members of the American Beethoven Society for analysis in The Beethoven Genome Project.

However, I'm uncertain whether the R-M512 haplogroup is more closely associated with my grandfather's maternal or paternal lineage. It seems to be linked to his father's side, based on his paternal surname—although in some cases, this surname also appears on my male cousin's maternal and paternal side, which adds more complexity. Interestingly, Beethoven's prominent split chin, a trait I mildly inherited, is a distinctive feature I share with my grandfather. Out of all his grandchildren, only two of us inherited his split chin.

Regarding his personal life. My grandfather lost his dad when he was less than 2 years old. He studied at the Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Leon which was the only university founded by the viceroyalty of New Spain at the beginning of the 19th century by Father Rafael Agustín Ayestas, dean of the Seminary, who initiated efforts to found the university. Finally in 1812, King Ferdinand VII of Spain issued the decree establishing the University of León, founded in 1812. My grandfather studied there for a few years.

However, due to political instability in Nicaragua during 1948, he had to drop out of college and went to pursue a technical profession. Around that time he met my grandmother through family. They got married 5 months after they met. My grandparents were very in love and both families supported their union.

My grandfather also spoke adequate English so it made him a prime candidate to work for the government. Back then most of the male professions in the country were limited to government officials, landowners, teachers and also farmers given the agro-export-driven economy of Nicaragua. He decided to take an office job within the government as a Telegraphist decoding messages for the DGC (Dirección General de Comunicaciones) or better known as Nicaraguan General Directorate of Communications. The DGC back then was part of the Ministry of Defense and it controlled all communications in the country. He remained a-political throughout his early career life mostly to protect his family.

My grandfather said, part of the reason why he left the public sector and went to the private sector, was to stay away from the political turmoils and to avoid getting in the feuds as he had family on both political oppositions: Conservative and Liberal Party. However, my grandfather back then aligned fully with the Conservative Party (PC). And supported the end of the Somoza dictatorship after the murder of Pedro Joaquin Chamorro Cardenal, husband of former President Violeta Barrios de Chamorro (may she rest in peace now) which in his mind was one of the most despicable act of brutality perpetrated by the Guardia Nacional. Later on he also supported and contributed to the full disarmament and the end of the "civil war" in Nicaragua and ultimately long lasting peace.

My grandfather was like a father to me; he truly filled that void in my life. My love for him is irreplaceable, and no one could ever take his special place in my heart. He was always a caring and protective grandfather, but his significance to me is undeniable.

My most beloved memories of him will remain with me forever. He was fearlessly my protector, keeping me safe from dangers, and it's true he probably spoiled me a little bit more than his other grandchildren as he always called me his "miracle granddaughter." My grandfather was always on my side. He taught me how to draw when I was just a toddler, and as I grew older, we spent hours reading together about history, science, and classic literature. Those reading sessions were always my favorite pastime with him.

A few months before he passed away, I flew and went to visit him knowing he was in a fragile condition. We talked about his health as he always confide to me and shared his thoughts, pains and regrets. He looked into my eyes and said to me: "I will always adore you"... I broke in tears and I told him: "I love you grandpa, please don't talk I don't want you to get tired". I knew that was the last time we would see each other. I hugged him and I made a few promises to him. He told me, he was ready to go. He passed away almost a year later. I will always miss him.

Retouched AI version of my dear grandfather. RIP💐

[alix-universe]

Comparing My Ancestral mtDNA Paths

🌿 It's been an incredible and profoundly personal project for me and I’m nearing the end of a deep dive into my ancestry—a journey that began with a simple desire to uncover my ancestral connections and, perhaps, to rediscover family ties that were lost over generations due to several family circumstances, migration, death and unfortunately war. All of those factors have played a role in scattering those connections, but I’ve felt a calling to piece them back together.

However I can only talk about my personal story. My DNA like anyone else, isn’t just a scientific code, it’s a living archive of historical memories, resilience, survival stories, love, loss, and triumph. Every discovery has deepened my connection to those who came before me, and to those who walk the same ancestral path with me.

My maternal lineage is embedded into my mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) from only my maternal side. No matter how far back it goes from my ancestral path linked to Haplogroups N to R to H to A2—along with all the branches woven into the very fabric of my genetic heritage connecting me to those sharing the same DNA path and beyond.

To give you a sense of the scale: every person on Earth, without exception, is connected through mtDNA to both “Mitochondrial Eve” (mt-Eve) and the Macro Haplogroup L. Still, this shared origin reminds us that we are all part of one human family—descendants of ancient lineages that stretch back to the Neanderthals and beyond.

No two people share the exact same DNA sequences, not even identical twins. That uniqueness is part of what makes each journey so extraordinary.

In my previous writings I uncovered detailed connections I tried to glue them together into the following blogs: My mtDNA Journey Part I My mtDNA Ancestral Discoveries - Part II My mtDNA Journey Part III

In this blog I will attempt to deep dive into comparing and tracing my haplogroups to the oldest known ancestors in my maternal lineage from haplogroup N to R.

From my mtDNA N (N1a, N1b1) I was able to trace it back to a baby boy who lived between 7035 - 6680 BCE. Çatalhöyük 144 was found in the region now known as Küçükköyzz, Turkey from the Late Neolithic Anatolia. And from a man who lived between 4784 - 4552 BCE, Ivanovo 2431 mtDNA N1b1 from the Bulgarian Balkans cultural group (Chalcolithic era).

However one mtDNA connection stands out from Wels, Austria (ancient Celtic, Roman Ovilava) known as The Ovilava Burial mtDNA N1a and Ernest Wejher (1517 - 1598) mtDNA N1a1a1a1, the only distant ancestor connected to my haplogroup N1a who was from a noble family from the former Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1569 to 1795), now dissolved. However it's an isolated connection, meaning we don't connect genetically to my other mtDNA haplogroups except The Ovilava Burial, so it's difficult to establish maternal ancestry and lineage.

Therefore the Haplogroup R and RO are the oldest haplogroup in my DNA that connects me to my other Haplogroups. One of the most remarkable discoveries has been my ancestral direct maternal lineage to Imperial Princess Agnes of Waiblingen (Agnes Von Waiblingen), a member of the Salian imperial family known as the Duchess of Swabia through her first marriage to Frederick I and later the Margravine Consort of Austria. Agnes belongs to Haplogroup R0 subsequently R. Today, many of her descendants walk the Earth—and through our shared mtDNA, she's perhaps my oldest distant maternal grandmother and genetic cousin.

Along this path, I’ve uncovered other surprising connections—ancestral relatives whose stories continue through their living descendants. Each discovery is a reminder that history isn’t just something we read about; it’s something we carry within us. And although I can’t tell their stories exactly as they lived them, I will try to remember them as I exist today because of them, their resilience and strong will to survive. And in some cases, I am aiming to set the record straight. I would not allow anyone to define me in their own terms.

R0 and HV0a Haplogroups Connection 👑

Left: Imperial Princess Agnes Von Waiblingen. Right: Grand Princess Sophia of Moscow.

The maternal lineage from Princess Agnes Von Waiblingen to Grand Princess Sophia Palaiologina demonstrates a distant genetic connection over centuries between the R0 and HV0a haplogroups. This connection is explained by the nested structure of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroups.

Haplogroup R0 is a macro-haplogroup and the parent clade of HV, which subsequently gave rise to the subclade HV0a. Because all members of subclade HV0a are by definition also members of the broader clades HV and R0, the genetic relationship between these two remarkable women confirms ancestral descent, validated by the hierarchical relationship between those haplogroups, establishing maternal lineage over centuries from Princess Agnes of Waiblingen to Princess Sophia Palaiologina.

The HV0a ancestral path is: R0 > HV > HV0 > HV0+16298 > HV0a Haplogroup R0 is an ancestor of HV0a that is estimated to have been born around 29,000 BCE.

Haplogroups U5b1 and H5, H5a Connection 👑

Two different Haplogroups, same country. Princess Estrid of Denmark mtDNA is H5a and Queen Consort Mechtilde of Holstein mtDNA U5b1.

While Estrid of Denmark and Mechtilde of Holstein do not share a direct maternal line, their mtDNA haplogroups, H5a and U5b1, do ultimately trace back to a common ancestor mtDNA R0.

This means that both Estrid and Mechtilde share a deep maternal ancestor (R) that is estimated to have been born around 51,000 BCE.

The U5b1 ancestral path is: R > U > U5 > U5a'b > U5b > U5b1 The H5a ancestral path is: R > R0 > HV > H > H5"450 > H5 > H5a

Haplogroup F1b and H Connection 👑

I am both related to Dmitry Alexandrovich Grand Prince of Vladimir of Russia, Sweyn II of Denmark and Birger Jarl or Birger Magnusson regent of Sweden via these ancestral paths:

The H ancestral path is: R > R0 > HV > H The F1b ancestral path is: R > R5'9'35 > R9 > F > F1 > F1b

For instance, the House of Estridsson (Sweyn II), the House of Bjälbo (Birger Jarl), and the Rurikid dynasty (Dmitry Alexandrovich) share numerous familial ties.

Birger Jarl himself married a Danish queen, Mechthild of Holstein, the widow of King Abel of Denmark which son was Valdemar III. The House of Bjälbo's connections were with the House of Estridsen: One notable example of a connection between the Houses is Sophia, daughter of King Erik IV of Denmark (of the House of Estridsen), who married Valdemar, King of Sweden (of the House of Bjälbo). Sweyn II of Denmark's claim to the throne, and the establishment of his dynasty, stemmed from his mother, Estrid Svendsdatter. She was the daughter of the renowned Viking king Sweyn Forkbeard King of Denmark and Norway. She held the tittle of Danish princess and titular queen, Russian Princess and Duchess of Normandy by marriage.

Dmitry Alexandrovich, a member of the Rurikid dynasty, was Grand Prince of Vladimir of Russia. Through centuries of dynastic marriages, the royal families of Russia, Denmark, and Sweden became interconnected heir descendants may have interlinked through later dynastic unions. A common path of descent often involves connections through the Holy Roman Empire and Byzantine royalty.

Haplogroups H and F1b share a common ancestor (R) that is estimated to have been born around 51,000 BCE.

Haplogroup T2a, T2a1a and H3 Connection ✝👑

Haplogroups H3 and T2a1a share a common ancestor (R) that is estimated to have been born around 51,000 BCE.

The T2a1a ancestral path is: R > R2'JT > JT > T > T2 > T2+14233 > T2a > T2a1 > T2a1a

The H3 ancestral path is: R > R0 > HV > H > H3

Peder Winstrup (born April 30, 1605, died December 28, 1679) was a prominent figure in Scandinavia, known as the Bishop of Lund. He held this position during a period when the region was contested between Danish and Swedish sovereignty. This means his direct maternal line belongs to this specific subclade of H3.

Bishop Teodomiro was a 9th-century bishop of Iria Flavia (present-day Padrón) in Galicia, Spain. He is a highly significant figure in the history of the Camino de Santiago pilgrimage, as he is credited with discovering the tomb of St. James the Apostle between 820 and 830 CE. For centuries, his very existence was debated until an inscribed tombstone bearing his name was found in 1955 beneath the Cathedral of Santiago de Compostela. His mtDNA haplogroup is T2b9b2.

Bishop Teodomiro's mtDNA while they both are connected to different branch they are connected to a common ancestor R.

T2a1a and T2b Detailed Haplogroup Connection 👑

T2a1a and T2b both share a common ancestor (T2+14233) that is estimated to have been born around 7850 BCE.

Notable connections that belong to T2a1a halogroup are:

Tsar Nicholas II Romanov mtDNA T2a1a30

Anne of Denmark (1574-1619) mtDNA T2b

Sophia of Mecklenburg mother of Anne of Denmark

Elizabeth of Denmark (1524-1586) who was the grandmother of Anne of Denmark mtDNA T2b

The most notable connection I share ancestry is with is Tsar Nicholas II Romanov 👑 under Haplogroup T2a1a and the mother of the Tsar Maria Feodorovna former know as Princess Dagmar of Denmark 👑 and her mother Louise of Hesse-Kassel mtDNA (grandmother of the Tsar) haplogroup was identified as T2a1a.

Left: Young Princess Dagmar of Denmark or Empress Maria Feodorovna with Tsar Alexander III and all their children - Center. She was the mother of Tsar Nicholas II Romanov - Right.

The most direct and commonly cited lineage from Anne of Denmark mtDNA T2b to Nicholas II is through several German royal houses (Hanover, Prussia) before reaching the Romanovs.

Anne of Denmark (1574-1619)

Her daughter Elizabeth Stuart (1596-1662)

Elizabeth Stuart's daughter Sophia of Hanover (1630-1714)

Sophia of Hanover's daughter Sophia Charlotte of Hanover (1668-1705)

Sophia Charlotte's son Frederick William I of Prussia (1688-1740)

Frederick William's daughter Sophia Dorothea of Prussia (1719-1765).

Sophia Dorothea's daughter Frederica Louise of Hesse-Darmstadt (1751-1805)

Frederica Louise's son Frederick William III of Prussia (1770-1840)

Frederick William's daughter Alexandra Fyodorovna (1798-1860, born Princess Charlotte of Prussia), Empress of Russia married Tsar Nicholas I.

Alexandra Fyodorovna's son was Alexander II of Russia (1818-1881)

Alexander II married Empress Maria Feodorovna (Dagmar of Denmark) and their son was Nicholas II of Russia (1868-1918)

Nicholas II of Russia married Alix of Hesse or Alexandra Feodorovna Empresss Consort of Russia (her mtDNA H1af2 is connected to the House of Garsenda)

Another T2b Haplogroup notable royal connections:

Andrew of Hungary, Prince of Halych

Birka Viking Warrior Woman

Countess Virginia Eriksdotter Vasa of Sweden (1559–1633) Non-marital descendant and daughter of Erik XIV of Sweden both belong to my T2b Haplogroup

The mtDNA in my DNA is T2a1a which I shared with Maria Feodorovna, the Tsa's mother. Tsar Nicholas II has a more detailed Haplogroup listed as T2a1a30.

I share ancestry with all of them via the ancestral path: R>R2'JT>JT>T>T2>

J1, J1c, J1c1 and H1a Haplogroups Connection 👑

Haplogroups H1a and J1c share a common ancestor (R) that is estimated to have been born around 51,000 BCE.

Tracing the lineage back to Anne of Denmark, who was married to James VI & I, King of England, I found a direct connection to the Tudor and Stuart dynasties. James VI & I was the son of Mary I, Queen of Scots, herself the daughter of King James V of Scotland. On her paternal side, Mary’s grandmother was Margaret Tudor (Margaret, Queen of Scots) who was the sister of Henry VIII; therefore Margaret and Henry were biological children of Elizabeth of York and Henry VII of England.

Left: Mary I Queen of Scouts. Right: Anne of Denmark Left: Elizabeth of York. Right: Catherine of Aragon or Catherine Queen Consort of England. Which I share ancestry through a few of my maternal grandfather's Y-DNA cousins and relatives under the G-L89 Haplogroup.

I am definitely connected to both the House of Tudor and the House of Stuart: via Henry VIII and Margaret Tudor (Henry's older sister) and Mary I or Mary Tudor (Henry VIII's daughter with Catherine of Aragon daughter of King Ferdinand II of Aragon and Queen Isabella I of Castile).

How did the House of Stuart and the House of York intertwined? It's all through Elizabeth of York, Queen consort of England who was the Half sister of Grace Plantagenet; Margaret ‘Elizabeth’ Plantagenet and Arthur Plantagenet and other children of Edward IV Plantagenet King of England (who was the brother of Richard III).

Both Richard III (1452–1485) and his brother Edward IV (1442–1483) were sons of Cecily Neville, Duchess of York and Richard of York, 3rd Duke of York.

From the House of York (Edward IV and Richard III) Y-DNA is a straight line from G-L89 haplogroup.

It's worth noticing that The War of the Roses between the Houses of York and the House of Lancaster ended with the marriage of Elizabeth of York and Henry VII (later changed his name to Henry Tudor) who also created the House of Tudor.

Genetic analysis of Richard III’s remains revealed that his mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) belongs to mtDNA haplogroup J1c2c3.

The H1a ancestral path is: R > R0 > HV > H > H1 > H1+16189 > H1a The J1c ancestral path is: R > R2'JT > JT > J > J1 > J1c'g > J1c

Other notable connections from my Haplogroup J1, J1c and J1c1 with a distant genetic relationship to Richard III and Edward IV are:

Dolley Madison who had a more detailed Haplogroup: J1c1b1

Lucy Payne Washington Todd (sister of Dolley Madison) J1c1b1

George Steptoe Washington Jr (nephew of President George Washington): J1c1b1a1d haplogroup who married Lucy Payne Washington

Dr. Samuel Walter Washington (son of Lucy Payne and George Steptoe Washington) J1c1b1a1d haplogroup

The J1c1 ancestral path is: R > R2'JT > JT > J > J1 > J1c'g > J1c > J1c1

H, H1, H1a, H1a1, H1b, H1c, H1c2, H13a1a1a, H2, H2a Haplogroup Connection 👑

Haplogroup H1a is a descendant of H1 that is estimated to have been born around 1950 BCE.

The H1a ancestral path from R haplogroup: R > R0 > HV > H > H1 > H1+16189 > H1a

The H1a ancestral path from H is H > H1 > H1+16189 > H1a

Haplogroup H1 and all their subclades of H1a and H2 are connected to many royal Houses in Europe and historically has been the most predominant in Europe.

"There is a notable connection between the House of Bourbon and the Garsenda Matrilineal Dynasty. While the House of Bourbon is a paternal lineage traced through Y-DNA (R-DF98), some of its female descendants are directly linked to the Garsenda Matrilineal Dynasty through the succession of mothers to daughters. This connection is identified through mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroups: H1, H1a, H1af, H1af2a

The Garsenda Matrilineal Dynasty is defined by those who share this specific mitochondrial DNA haplogroups. Here are some examples of the Royal connections through marriage and family from the Bourbon House with the Garsenda mtDNA.

Louis XV husband to Marie Leszczynska, they had 6 daughters and 1 son, Louis, Dauphin of France (Louis Ferdinand).

Maria Josepha of Saxony (Dauphine of France) was 2nd wife of Louis, Dauphin of France (Louis Ferdinand) and mother to Louis XVI, Louis XVIII, Charles X of France.

Charles IV of Spain's mother was Maria Amalia of Saxony wife of Charles III of Spain

Maria Josepha of Saxony & Maria Amalia of Saxony were sisters

Therefore Charles IV King Spain was the 1st cousin of Louis XVI.

Charles IV King of Spain married his 1st cousin Maria Luisa of Parma who was the granddaughter of Louis XV of France. Her mother was Marie Louise-Élisabeth de Bourbon sister of Louis, Dauphin of France.

Ferdinand VII King of Spain was the son of Maria Luisa of Parma and Charles IV. Father of Isabella II of Spain.

The mtDNA haplogroup of Louis XVII (Louis Charles, Duke of Normandy) son of Louis XVI is H2, passed from his mother Queen Marie-Antoinette. However in the case of Louis XVI King of France indicates a mtDNA N1b according to a DNA research done in Barcelona. Louis XVI paternal Y-DNA was R-DF98 (Bourbon House Y-DNA).

Left: Ferdinand VII (King from the Spanish Bourbon House). Center: Louis XVI at 15 Years old (King from the French House of Bourbon) and his wife Marie Antoinette at 14 Years old, parents of Louis XVII Duke of Normandy - Right.

All their matriarchal connections are from Haplogroup H & H1 and different subclades. Other prominent historical figures with their respective H mtDNAs includes:

Saint Ladislaus I of Hungary mtDNA mtDNA H1: He was King of Hungary from 1077 and King of Croatia from 1091. The second son of King Béla I of Hungary.

Empress Alexandra Feodorovna mtDNA H1af2a: Wife of Tsar Nicholas II and her children Grand Duchess Maria Nikolaevna, Grand Duchess Anastasia Nikolaevna, Grand Duchess Tatiana Nikolaevna, Grand Duchess Olga Nikolaevna of Russia and Prince Alexei Nikolaevich

Béla III of Hungary mtDNA mtDNA H1b

Báthory Dynasty 👑 mtDNA H1n, H13a1a1a16 and H1C2: The Báthory family, a prominent noble dynasty of Germanic Swabian origins and Hungary, that has been the subject of scientific research into their genetic lineage at a burial site in Hungary. The Bathory Dynasty DNA study was conducted to determine the Y-DNA and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) of their family members. The research paper identified specific Y-DNA and mtDNA haplogroups.

Left: Saint Ladislaus I of Hungary. Béla III of Hungary from Árpád dynasty - Center. István Báthory (from the Báthory Dynasty) - Left I share mtDNA with all these royal and noble Báthory members: Pericei01 — H13a1a1a16 (he was identified as Staniszlófi Elek Báthory who was a nobleman from the Báthory family) Pericei03-1 — H1c Pericei09A — H1n6 Pericei10— J1c5a Pericei22 — U4c1 Pericei05 — U5a1b Pericei04B — T2 Pericei09 — A26 (She is the closest distant cousin to my mtDNA A2k whose ancestral path is A > A2'6'28 > A2'28 > A2 > A2k) and also other of my Haplogroups like A2w and A2h who shares the same ancestral path with A > A2'6'28 > A2'28 > A2 > A2w

H1b and RO Haplogroups Connection 👑

King Béla III of Hungary (1173–1196) member of the Árpád Dynasty mtDNA H1b and Agnes Von Waiblingen (1072 - 1143) mtdna RO also share a direct mtDNA lineage, meaning: Haplogroup R0 is an ancestor of H1b that is estimated to have been born around 29,000 BCE.

Further more, King Béla III's mother Princess Efrosinya Mstislavna (1125–1193) was a member of the Rurikid Dynasty founded in 862 in Novgorod, Russia. Based on his maternal ancestry, King Béla is an ancestral distant cousin of Dmitry Alexandrovich, Grand Prince of Vladimir of Russia (1250 - 1294) also a member of the same Rurikid Dynasty.

The last ruler of the Rurikid Dynasty was Feodor I of Russia (1557 - 1598) who was the son of Ivan IV Vasilyevich Grand Prince of Moscow (1530 - 1584), also known as Ivan the Terrible and Anastasia Romanovna (1530 - 1560).

King Bela was married to Agnes of Antioch (1172 to 1184) mtdna H7 and I share ancestry with both of them via my mtDNA R0.

X1 and X2, X2b, X2b1, X2a1 Haplogroups

I share both both President Abraham Lincoln 🎩 and Captain Wilson William Kettle (1861 - 1963) ⛵️🧭 which is an isolated connection to my other haplogroups.

The haplogroup I inherited must have come from my grandfather's lineage to my mother, given the incredible resemblance between my grandfather and Abraham Lincoln. With the same prominent heavy eyebrows, dimples, jawline, and widow's peak, their likeness is uncanny. If Lincoln was sitting across from my grandfather today, anyone comparing their facial features would surely think he was his Spanish grandson.

This journey has been more than a study of genetics—it’s been a rediscovery of identity. Each strand of DNA carries whispers of lives lived and maternal legacies passed through generations. I may never know all their names or stories, but I feel their presence.

By tracing my maternal lineage, I’ve not only uncovered ancestral connections—I’ve reclaimed a part of myself. I stand here today as living proof of their survival, their strength, and their enduring spirit. And as I continue to explore these threads of history, I do so with gratitude, humility, and a promise: to guard, understand and to treasure what I have found.

Because in the end, this isn’t just my story, it’s also theirs.

[alix-universe]

Tracing My Y-DNA Ancestry - Last Blog

It's been a difficult quest to trace my paternal ancestry as I explained in my 1st blog. Since Tracing My Paternal Y-DNA through my cousins only provides a partial view of half my DNA mapping. Because, I am a woman and I don't carry the Y chromosome then I have to extract those haplogroups from the haplogroups of my relatives and find common ancestral connections. That means I can only trace my grandmother's ancestry from my paternal side. Since the X chromosome I have, comes from his mother.

It sounds simple but it isn't. The rule is: sharing a haplogroup with an ancestor of a famous person suggests a distant relationship, that could potentially go back hundreds or thousands of years. It means you both descend from a common ancestor who lived in the past and carried the same genetic markers defining in your haplogroup. However, this doesn't necessarily imply a close, recent family connection.

So are we related? If we match to the exact haplogroup there is big maybe, to yes, we are potentially related.

E-M34 Haplogroup

I did a few mistaken searches due to typos and had to delete them. However, I had one interesting result with E-M34 haplogroup that is connected as a common ancestor from 500 CE with Napoleon Bonaparte, so when I plugged that haplogroup it linked it to a distant but more detailed haplogroup E-BY36878... and that one is the Napoleon Haplogroup which only 3 people apparently have it. There are no direct living descendants of Napoleon only descendants from his brother. E-M34 didn't result in any direct ancestry since I am only 1% Ashkenazim Jewish and that was the result of this experimental example. I share that haplogroup with a few 3rd and 5th cousins, so I can say, I am related to them only.

Also, France is not listed in my DNA results. So that means I am not French. Period. I do see a big 50% Spain 🇪🇸 or Spanish in my DNA. Spain and France share borders therefore they may have haplogroups that share similar migration paths. But that doesn't make me French.

Now, I cannot attest the same about my relatives since their DNA results may show different connections even if we are related, we have different results. However, E-M34 is prevalent among Ashkenazi and Sephardic Jews so that could explain the small 1% Ashkenazi DNA percentage in my DNA result.

Anyway, I did have a few surprising discovery like finding out that there is a big possibility my 3rd-grandmother up to my 5th-grandmother were certainly of Scottish-Irish-Welsh descent based on the many haplogroups I see in my DNA pool, which are shared among my closest cousins up to my most distant 10th cousins which provide the oldest ancestry in my DNA.

Getting a bit more personal, I can say I was very close to my Grandmother who was born around 1893. My grandfather died of sadness months after she passed away. He was around the same age 99 - 100 years old. She was a caring grandmother to me. And I also knew my great-grandmother who died around the age of 112 years-old. Calculating the time of her death, she was probably born around 1871 and peacefully passed away when I was just a toddler. I have a vague memory of her of course, we visited often and I had the chance to talk to her, but she wasn't speaking or walking anymore. I never met my Great-grandfather but they were married until he passed away at a younger age.

In my previous blog I talked about all the different haplogroups I found mostly in that region. Including a close ancestry with Robert Burns from the R-CTS278 Haplogroup, which gets me to the closest Scottish ancestry from someone who was alive at some point in history. A very rare connection that only 1 in 5,500 people or 127 people have been identified to be closely related to the former poet. I am not claiming direct family lineage of course but clearly we share ancestry.

Another interesting and rare connection is that I was able to trace Celtic ancestry from both my maternal haplogroup U and H and my paternal Y-DNA haplogroup R-M222.

R-M222 Haplogroup 🕈🧬

Celtic Mystery Ancestor 🧬 350 BCE - 250 CE. The Celts were a collection of tribes with origins in central Europe during the Iron Age, that shared a similar language, religious beliefs, traditions and culture. They originated from central Europe and spread throughout the continent, including the British Isles, Ireland, Scotland and Spain, and even parts of Anatolia.

Several tribes made up the larger population of the Celtic people. The Gaels, Gauls, Britons, Irish which are mostly my paternal haplogroups and the The Galatians who populated mostly the Asturias region of what is now Northern Spain, which were mostly predominant in a few of my maternal mtDNA haplogroups' H. The Galatians settled as far as regions like Anatolia and Rome and you can see traces of their culture around Europe, predominantly in ancient architecture and traces of the Celtics Religion and Sacred sites.

Haplogroup R-M222 is linked to Niall of the Nine Hostages and indicates direct ancestry to him from that haplogroup.

R-M222 and R-A260 Haplogroup

In the same Haplogroup is the O'Conor House 👑 1088 CE. The O’Conor family was one of the most distinguished and powerful royal houses in Ireland, ruling the Kingdom of Connacht for centuries up until 1475. His son Ruaidrí Ua Conchobair (1116–1198) was the last High King of Ireland.

1 in 411 or only 1,678 people are this closely related to O'Conor House👑

And the Uí Briúin Dynasty 👑 250 CE. The Uí Briúins (pronounced ee brew-in) ruled the kingdom of Connacht in western Ireland from the 5th to the 15th centuries.

There isn't a lot of data around the Uí Briúins except that Brión, the ancestor of the Uí Briúin, was a half-brother of Niall of The Nine Hostages; meaning they shared a common parent, Eochaid Mugmedon, but their mothers were different.

If you have Haplogroup R-A259 is direct ancestry to the Uí Briúin Dynasty.

1 in 411 or only 1,678 people have been identified to be this closely related to Uí Briúin dynasty.

G-P15 Haplogroup

Yuya 🛕📜Unknown - 1374 BCE. Was a powerful Egyptian courtier man in the Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt. He served as a key adviser for Amenhotep III and carried many titles such as "King’s Lieutenant" and "Master of the Horses."

He married the Egyptian noblewoman Thuya and was the great-grandfather of Tutankhamun through their daughter Tiye, who was the Great Royal Wife of Amenhotep III, the ninth pharaoh of the Eighteenth Dynasty.

This is to me, a real archaeological discovery that left me speechless. It's very very very distant ancestry shared mostly with a few 7th, 8th cousins. It's a very rare ancestry.

I do have 3% Northern African in my DNA, which means it could be divided between my parents. It's a very very small percentage but I am guessing on my mother's side it is either Turkish or Algerian, based on the haplogroups I'm researching.

R-CTS4528 Haplogroup

Slonk Hill man 391 - 203 BCE, he lived around 300 BCE during the Late Iron Age in Great Britain. His remains were found in an Iron Age burial near Brighton, England, dating back to between 2,400 and 2,200 years ago. He was discovered in 1968 during an archaeological digging. He likely had light skin, brown or black hair, and brown eyes.  His direct maternal line belonged to mtDNA haplogroup H1.

This is considered an Ancient Connection from my haplogroups.

1 in 295 or only 2,341 people have been identified to be this closely related to Slonk Hill man.

This concludes my research on my paternal ancestry.

I found through my discoveries many inconclusive haplogroups and that's mostly because my biological father and mother didn't have a son. In the absence of a biological brother from their marriage, I can only access a partial map of my Y-DNA. Like for instance I found haplogroups from Hungary and America but they were not fully detailed. And asking my biological father for a DNA test is out of the question; plus the subject of paternity has never been a concern.

My biological father and I don't have any communication, we are very distant and it is better that way, and not the subject of this blog. My paternal Y-DNA research is mostly for closure and to finally find conclusions to my questions around the other half of my DNA.

Another reason was to find distant and unknown relatives that I found during my research. Also more importantly to make a public fact, that I Do Not Have A Missing Brother from either my mother or my father's side.

Also that I am not someone else. I am one person. My names are mine, my current or any former legal identity I had are all mine and my genetic information is mine and not someone else's. I own them all unquestionably and irrevocably.

I will call out any attempts from scammers, criminals or anyone else trying to steal my identities since I have dual citizenship. Or anyone trying to steal my genetic information or alter my ancestry, or to represent me as someone else I am not. And I will take legal actions against anyone trying to use it in any form or anyway. That includes false or malicious attempts to change my Personal Identifiable Information, Legal Identity, ethnicity or genetic information in any way, for any reason. I choose what I decide to disclose and no one else.

It goes beyond that. Since we are now living in the age of digital crimes and scamming. I have to say, I think about the multiple scammers fabricating the impostors pretending to be that fake brother named Chris who is allegedly living in Texas or that other one named Christopher... I don't have any brothers in Texas. There was another one named Christian from Mexico who claimed to be my brother and wanted to collect money for "medical reasons".

Also that my mother or my father are Black or of African descent... No, they are both Caucasian/Hispanics. Or that I'm French, or have lived in France or that I have family in France. All False. I have never even visited the country of France. I can read French, but no one in my immediate including myself speaks French... Also we are not from Mexico either or of Mexican descent. It is All False.

Or that other false claim from another scammer claiming, he and I were separated at birth... I Do Not Have a Twin Brother or Sister. And with this, I rest my case.

This concludes the Y-DNA blog. I have more to write about my mtDNA. So I am not done yet.

[alix-universe]

Tracing My Y-DNA Ancestry - Part I

I have to admit, since I am a woman, extracting DNA from my paternal side hasn't been a simple task.

My mother and my father didn't produce a son. So I had to dig into my cousin and distant relatives' DNA to find the closest haplogroup that can provide more information about my ancestry from my biological father's side.

In simple words, I don't have all DNA sequences with their respective mutations to establish full ancestry in some instances.

In the absence of an biological brother from my mother's and father's union, I had to resource into comparing my closest relatives' relationships on my paternal side. Meaning I extracted it from the mutual and closest DNA haplogrupos from my 1st to 3rd cousins to the 5th to 6th cousins.

Anything beyond that, are distant relatives that just provide a partial relationship to my Y-DNA. Important DNA relationships, but less likely to give me a full map of half my DNA. Since the further you go away from your biological Maternal and Paternal DNA sequences who are shared among my siblings, the further away I get to an accurate mapping.

The rule is: First cousins share grandparents, counting back two generations to their shared ancestors. Second cousins count back three generations to their great-grandparents. Third cousins count back four generations to their great-great-grandparents. Anything beyond the 5th cousin is relevant but they're considered very distant relatives; unless you find a living relative or someone who lived in the same timeline or century that shares the exact same haplogroup ... then, they're related by ancestry.

I don't carry the Y Chromosome in my DNA since I was born a female or woman; I only have one X chromosome from my biological mother and one X chromosome from my biological father, which means I got only my father's mother chromosome (or my paternal grandmother). It's complicated but it's how nature designed it. In this case my biological grandfather doesn't count to trace ancestry even if he is biologically related to me, like all of his children.

In the absence of a brother, my male cousins are the ones carrying the paternal X chromosomes (or my paternal grandmother chromosome). In my case, there are more males on my father's side than on my mother's side so basically they are like "half brothers" (twice removed from my paternal Y-DNA) sort of speaking. This article from 23andMe explains the percentage and predictability of your shared DNA based on the family relationship. It's incredible, only identical twins share 100% of their DNA relationship in the sibling chart. Yes, your identical twin is your natural clone. Any other sibling brothers or sisters, only gets 50% of your shared DNA. Thank God I am not a twin.

Even my biological sister and I share only 50% of our parents' DNA. So technically our DNA sequences are not probably similar.

That's why it is so difficult to insert a fake sibling into someone's DNA pool. No matter if you use a similar last name, you can only be related through DNA. For instance in the US, I legally changed my name and removed my father's last name by choice and adopted a different family last name that is from my maternal ancestry, my mother raised me with my stepdad, she was mom and dad after they divorced when I was 10 years old; however I am still genetically related to my biological father.

And in my opinion that's why DNA should be protected by law at the federal level to prevent people from trying to snatch your DNA since altering physical appearance can be use as a disguised to impersonate you, if the intention is to cause any harm. Also, there are a lot of scary things that can happen if we don't protect our rights to retain our DNA data.

Back to my research and why this is important to me. A year ago, I received a notice via text from a hospital in Tijuana, Mexico trying to claim that my brother was hospitalized in their facility and they were asking $10,000 to cover for medical bills and they sent me a picture of a heave weight Caucasian man intubated and connected to a respirator. They said his name was Christian and goes by Chris and he provided his sister's phone number to cover for his medical bills. They pleaded for me to reach out to the hospital over the phone so they can give me instructions on how to wire the money so they could continue with his medical treatment.

Yep, that story didn't fly with me. The same name has been used in the past to claim I have a brother from my mothers side named Christopher who was stolen from my mother at birth. I know with 100% certainty, that I do not have a maternal brother. None of my siblings have been separated from her. I told my mom the story and she thought that was crazy. Absolutely not possible. Especially because my mother always wanted a boy and she tried 3 times to have a boy and she couldn't.

She gave up after the 3rd child. And I know there is no possibility my mother had a son while she was in some sort of comma or that she gave away any of her children. She married young and had no illegitimate sons or daughters.

Clearly that was a scammer trying to collect ransom and in the other instance, my number was given to someone in Mexico in an attempt to phishing me into sending money. It's not the first time.

Anyway, back to my DNA tracing. My mother's family and my father's family are from two separate branches that in time, distant ancestors were all located in Europe. My mother is Caucasian and clearly closer to her Spanish, Italian, Scandinavian ancestry and I discovered her ancestry have several Royal Houses, a few American history personalities and most recently I also discovered I have Russian-Germanic ancestry too.

While my biological father who is olive skin Caucasian, his ancestry is closer to some of the British Isle: Scotland, Ireland and Wales and Arabian.

From my Y-DNA haplogroups the closest and oldest ones are all connected to British and Scottish clans. I am including only rare connections to be more precise as close as possible to my paternal Y-DNA, which is my maternal grandmother X chromosome. She was born around 1893 in my native country. My grandparents were married for more than 75 years until she passed away. Her mother or my great-grandmother apparently was also from the same maternal ancestry which I have sort of confirmed based on my DNA research.

More research to be done. I am primarily trying to find connections that indicate a shared ancestral line.

I-F1295, I-M26, I-PF4088, I-PF4189, I-Z125 Haplogroups

Clan Lindsay 1086 CE 🏴󠁧󠁢󠁳󠁣󠁴󠁿 🏴󠁧󠁢󠁥󠁮󠁧󠁿🗡️ is a Lowland Scottish clan, descends from Walter Lindsay of Lincoln who accompanied David of Huntingdon from England to Scotland before 1116. The Lindsays were found in both England and Scotland with Sir Baldric de Lindsay of Hemingby recorded as holding estates in Lindsey in the Domesday Book in 1086. 1 in 141 or 4,956 people have been identified to be this closely related to the Clan Lindsay.

I-Y3548, I-Z17855 Haplogroup

Martin Luther 483 - 1546 CE 🛐🙏 was a notable German theologian and catholic priest, author, and hymn writer. Martin Luther is remembered as the father of Protestantism and one of the most influential and important religious figures of his time.

His contributions as a writer and teacher drove the separation of Western Christianity into Protestants and Catholics.

Wars were waged based on his doctrines. He indirectly caused clashes between Christian theological doctrines that led to many medieval wars.

1 in 101 or only 6,850 people have been identified to be closely related to Martin Luther.

Me and Martin Luther share a common paternal line ancestor who lived around this time.

I-L1498 Haplogroup

Clan Munro 🇮🇪 🍀 1320 - 1369 CE. This Clan traditionally dates from their founder Donald Munro, who is said to have come from Ireland to serve King Malcolm II of Scotland in the 11th century.

1 in 387 only 1,778 people have been identified to be this closely related to Clan Munro.

Me and Clan Munro share a common paternal line ancestor who lived around this time.

Other famous people who are closer to same haplogroup are 5th US President and founding father James Monroe 📜 1758 CE who also was a direct descendant of Clan Munro.

R-CTS4179 Haplogroup 👑

Somerled 1110 - 1164 CE was a 12th-century Norse-Gaelic lord who forged the Kingdom of Argyll and the Isles. He is claimed as the patrilineal ancestor of Clan Donald, Clan MacDougall, Clan MacAlister, and other Scottish clans.

He began his career as a local lord in Argyll, a region on the west coast of Scotland. He gradually expanded his influence through military campaigns against the Norse, who had long controlled the Hebrides (the islands off Scotland's west coast).

Around 1140, he married Ragnhild, the daughter of Olaf I, the Norse King of Man and the Isles. This marriage gave him a legitimate claim to the Kingdom of the Isles and was a key factor in his rise to prominence.

Somerled's vast "kingdom" disintegrated after his death, but his three sons—Dugald, Ranald, and Angus— became the progenitors of the powerful and influential clans MacDougall and MacDonald, which would dominate the region for centuries.

R-CTS278, R-Z52, R-FGC22952 Haplogroup

Robert Burns, 1759 - 1796 CE 🏴󠁧󠁢󠁳󠁣󠁴󠁿 📖 was born in Alloway, Ayrshire Scotland. He was the eldest son of tenant farmers William Burnes and Agnes Broun. He became the most recognized Scottish poet and lyricist of his century to this point. Regarded as the national poet of Scotland.

1 in 5,500 or only 125 people have been identified to be this closely related to Robert Burns.

Me and Robert Burns share a common paternal line ancestor who lived around this time.

I-Z166 Haplogroup

Stephen F. Austin 1793 - 1836 CE, born in southwestern Virginia, is often called the Father of Texas. He can also be called the Father of Anglo-American Texas and the Texas Rangers as he founded the earliest precursor of the famous law enforcement organization.

Austin also helped to meddled the territory disputes between Texas and Mexico. Eventually after the negotiations failed, he led the Texan rebels to victory over Mexico and assisted in the creation of the independent Republic of Texas.

1 in 335, only 2,060 customers are this closely related to Stephen F. Austin.

Me and Stephen F. Austin share a common paternal line ancestor who lived around this time.

R-CTS4065 Haplogroup

President George H. W. Bush 1924 - 2018 CE 🇺🇲 and his son George Walker Bush (1946) were the father and son who served as United States Presidents, as the 41st and 43rd Presidents, respectively. They both started their careers in the United State Military, Navy and Air Force respectively.

Both father and son are prominent members of the Republican party.

I am not related to them directly of course. However, I can proudly say I was an employee that worked for a U.S Embassy during George W. Bush's 1st presidential term. And I personally admire him for his leadership and service to our country.

1 in 346 or only 1,989 people have been identified to be this closely related to George H. W. Bush.

Me and President George H. W. Bush share a common paternal line ancestor who lived around this time.

R-Z209 Haplogroup 👑

The  House of Burgh was founded by William de Burgh (1160–1206). A Norman knight, he arrived in Ireland in 1185 and was granted a significant amount of land by Prince John, the future King of England. He is considered the patriarch of the family's Irish line.

One of their most prominent members was Elizabeth de Burgh (c. 1289–1327): The daughter of Richard Óg de Burgh, she became Queen Consort of Scotland through her marriage to Robert the Bruce. Her father, Lord Ulster, was a close friend of King Edward I of England. Eventually after the marriage with Robert, the families' relationship evolved complicated when Robert The Bruce abandon his alliance with the English king and fought for his own claim to the throne of Scotland.

I share distant ancestry with William de Burgh.

Since this research is about my paternal Y-DNA and I have to rely on relatives to extract the correct haplogroups to uncover ancestry, I am going to omit some haplogroups that have minimal shared segments or those from far distant cousins with no direct connection. Since they don't provide accurate ancestry links. Again I don't carry the Y chromosome but I see theirs.

Also I seem to have a small percentage of Arabic ancestry in my Y-DNA however more research needs to be done to find the correct haplogroups and connections to the correct timeline.

Until the next blog.