#studyblr science

[studywliz]

Some basic Biology revision ✍🏽

[albxblr]

Finally, I have completed this :D 6/100 days of productivity 13.11.17

[abbyxrain]

ONCE AGAIN

Once again i shall be trying to use my tumblr page as i have notice that my followers and activity has been pretty decent. And the fact that my You Tube channel was taken, which is balls. It was at 250,000 views and 9,750 subscribers i was so close to reaching my mile stone and had it taken away.

So i shall be making a new you tube and social links which i shall post in due time. Which will be based around my course doing Biological Anthropology so i shall be making weekly vlogs, and anything I’m interested in.most likely turning this channel into my personal journey as i navigate through this world.

So fuck a duck I’m gonna give it another shot.

[gorilla-study]

Banjo my dudes

So i really want a study buddy... but here's my problem: I'm young. I'm not 16 or 17, im 13. That really limits how many friends i can make because i feel like no one wants the young kid. They can't talk to younger studyblrs about AP classes. If you don't have a problem with me being 13, and you want to be friends, keep reading. So here are some things about me, academic related and not: - I really want to be a surgeon. Grey's Anatomy brought this job to light. I only thought about family doctors, which uninterested me. I know medical school is extremely difficult, but, go big or go home, am i right? - I would really like to live in Los Angeles when I'm older. (Not really academic, but i want to go to a school here) - I'm going into 8 grade, but i enjoy learning at my own pace. - I learn really fast, so at school when the unit is dragged on for a month, it kills me. I already know it, so why can't i move on? - I'm getting better. I'm really messy, unorganized and not motivated. I was suicidal in March, and i'm still recovering. It's hard to do things without the energy, especially in Summer. Still interested? Here are things that i want to learn, and enjoy learning. - I love reading and writing. I'm writing on wattpad, and i've mentioned it in previous posts. - I'm interested in ancient history. Atlantis? Yes. Greece? Yes. In school we just learn more recent things, but i want to know all about the ancient stuff. It fascinates me. - I was learning russian, but i don't remember anything. I am also interested in spanish and german, but i'm totally cool with any other language - Holy cow i want to learn how to play the violin. Idk why, it's just i do. There you have it. If you're still reading, and want to be friends/study buddies, dm me!

[ericasbujo-blog]

Pls reblog if you're a science studyblr too! (Or post science related notes sometimes lol) I love looking at how pretty the handwritten notes look💕 And I'm always looking for new inspiration ☺️

[bitter-sweet-notes]

✨They said I can't. It's funny because they thought I've ever belived them. ✨

[quaecumquevera]

The Cytoskeleton

In the cytoplasm of many living cells, comprises a network of tubules and filaments that give rise to the cell’s shape and structure.

The main 3 types of filaments that comprise the cytoskeleton include:

Actin filaments

Intermediate filaments

Microtubules

Here, we will briefly cover these filament types including their function and importance in eukaryotic cells.

Intermediate filaments are found in almost all animals, but are not present in plant or fungi cells. These rope-like structures act as a scaffold for proteins to latch onto when trafficking them through the cell, as well as are important for structure and positioning.

One thing to particularly note about intermediate filaments is their importance in the nuclear lamina of the cell’s nucleus, where not only do they help maintain the shape of the nucleus/nuclear lamina, but also assist in transcriptional regulation (as they bind and act as a base for transcription factors), nuclear pore positioning and function, and heterochromatin organization.

An example of the importance of intermediate filaments in the cell is looking into case studies of those who suffer from Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome. This disease results from a mutation in the coding sequence of the Lamin A intermediate filament protein, resulting in altered/irregular nuclei leading to premature aging in patients.

Microtubules are thick, stiff tube-like structures that are comprised of tubulin subunits. These filaments are stable and short-lived structures that polymerize when needed, for example when forming the spindles during the process of mitosis. These structures regularly oscillate between shortening and growing phases, enabling quick assembly and disassembly. The process of polymerizing microtubules uses GTP, and are built from alpha and beta tubulin building blocks. The elongation of microtubules also occurs on the + ends.

However, microtubules are also important for trafficking along the secretory pathway. A study done by J S Presley et al. visualizes the importance of microtubules in the cell, as cells treated with the drug nocodazole fail to migrate through the ER-golgi transport pathway, as nocodazole prevents disassembly of microtubules.

Finally, actin filaments are well, filaments made of actin. Actin exists in a globular form known as G-actin, and is one of the most abundant protein in cells. Each G-actin monomer can polymerize into a filament, which is referred to as F-actin. This elongation and assembly process of actin requires ATP. Unlike microtubules, actin filaments can grow or shrink on either the + or - ends of the filament (however the process can be halted by capping the ends with a capping protein). However the polymerization process is also regulated by proteins that assist and stimulate the assembly (ex. ARP2).

Actin is particularly important in cell movement in amoeba, however are also utilized for intracellular trafficking events like endocytosis and vacuolar docking. In short, vesicle formation and fusion is dependent on actin. In the context of human cells, actin remodelling is important for neurons to form and extend, which is important for spatial learning and memory retention.