In addition to drugs for the therapeutic effect, natural substances with nootropic properties are more often used. Natural nootropics are less effective than pharmacological agents and mildronate, but they also begin to improve cognitive functions (remembering, concentrating attention), increase their ability to learn, and stimulate their intellectual abilities, just after several weeks after starting the reception. These effects arise due to improved blood circulation of the brain, stimulation of energy metabolism in brain cells, optimization of bioenergetic processes in nerve cells, improvement of work and protection of neurons.
Amino acids. Many amino acids are neurotransmitters, that is, they participate directly in the processes of transfer of electronic impulses between nerve cells and actively participate in the process of excitation and inhibition. Also, amino acids take an active part in brain metabolism - with their lack, the supply of brain cells with glucose is disturbed, oxidative processes are violated, toxic damage to nerve cells is increased. The pyracetam and acepene described above are amino acid modifications. Once inside the body, these substances either pass into amino acids, or participate in their synthesis. The most important amino acids providing excitation and inhibition of the neural system are gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), glutamic acid, glycine, taurine, proline. More details about them can be found in our article "Amino acids for the brain."
Herbal substances that improve blood circulation and microcirculation of the brain (Ginkgo Biloba). Active substances that improve the blood supply to the brain are often referred to as drugs with nootropic properties. One of the most recognized nootropics of plant origin is the extract from the leaves of Ginkgo Biloba. Active substances (flavon glycosides and terpenic lactones) reduce the permeability of the vessel walls and improve the supply of the brain with glucose and oxygen. Preparations from the leaf extract of Ginkgo Biloba is widely used in Europe to treat senile brain disorders.
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