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@raisedonritalin
A new study shows that autism symptom severity, rather than a formal diagnosis, aligns with shared brain-connectivity patterns across childr
The older I get (closing in on 50) the more similarities and crossovers I see with ADHD and autism.
Although ADHD has been recognized to have a genetic basis, the specific genes implicated have been challenging to identify.
The headline here is grossly misleading (there is no one single "cause" of ADHD) but an interesting study and insight into a gene coding for an important protein that may play a role in ADHD.
Researchers have identified specific neurological biomarkers for ADHD in the brain. The study revealed those with ADHD had abnormal connectivity in brain areas associated with memory processing and auditory processing, and thinning of the brain's cortex.
The serotonin hypothesis of depression is still influential. We aimed to synthesise and evaluate evidence on whether depression is associated with lowered serotonin concentration or activity in a systematic umbrella review of the principal relevant areas of research. PubMed, EMBASE and PsycINFO were searched using terms appropriate to each area of research, from their inception until December 2020. Systematic reviews, meta-analyses and large data-set analyses in the following areas were identified: serotonin and serotonin metabolite, 5-HIAA, concentrations in body fluids; serotonin 5-HT1A receptor binding; serotonin transporter (SERT) levels measured by imaging or at post-mortem; tryptophan depletion studies; SERT gene associations and SERT gene-environment interactions. Studies of depression associated with physical conditions and specific subtypes of depression (e.g. bipolar depression) were excluded. Two independent reviewers extracted the data and assessed the quality of included studies using the AMSTAR-2, an adapted AMSTAR-2, or the STREGA for a large genetic study. The certainty of study results was assessed using a modified version of the GRADE. We did not synthesise results of individual meta-analyses because they included overlapping studies. The review was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42020207203). 17 studies were included: 12 systematic reviews and meta-analyses, 1 collaborative meta-analysis, 1 meta-analysis of large cohort studies, 1 systematic review and narrative synthesis, 1 genetic association study and 1 umbrella review. Quality of reviews was variable with some genetic studies of high quality. Two meta-analyses of overlapping studies examining the serotonin metabolite, 5-HIAA, showed no association with depression (largest n = 1002). One meta-analysis of cohort studies of plasma serotonin showed no relationship with depression, and evidence that lowered serotonin concentration was associated with antidepressant use (n = 1869). Two meta-analyses of overlapping studies examining the 5-HT1A receptor (largest n = 561), and three meta-analyses of overlapping studies examining SERT binding (largest n = 1845) showed weak and inconsistent evidence of reduced binding in some areas, which would be consistent with increased synaptic availability of serotonin in people with depression, if this was the original, causal abnormaly. However, effects of prior antidepressant use were not reliably excluded. One meta-analysis of tryptophan depletion studies found no effect in most healthy volunteers (n = 566), but weak evidence of an effect in those with a family history of depression (n = 75). Another systematic review (n = 342) and a sample of ten subsequent studies (n = 407) found no effect in volunteers. No systematic review of tryptophan depletion studies has been performed since 2007. The two largest and highest quality studies of the SERT gene, one genetic association study (n = 115,257) and one collaborative meta-analysis (n = 43,165), revealed no evidence of an association with depression, or of an interaction between genotype, stress and depression. The main areas of serotonin research provide no consistent evidence of there being an association between serotonin and depression, and no support for the hypothesis that depression is caused by lowered serotonin activity or concentrations. Some evidence was consistent with the possibility that long-term antidepressant use reduces serotonin concentration.
BUTTON PUSHER is now officially out in the world!!
Here’s a rundown of all 10 of the #ADHD facts I shared in the run-up to the book’s release. Order your copy HERE.
There’s a story behind every #ADHD diagnosis. A family too. ADHD doesn’t just affect the person who has it. And odds are that if one family member has it, another one does too. Read about my family’s experience in BUTTON PUSHER, out 3/15, pre-order now!
BUTTON PUSHER is in this month’s @PREVIEWSworld catalog. Tell your shop to order a copy for you and ten of your friends!
On graphic mental illness narratives: an interview with Clem Martini, Tatiana Gill and Tyler Page
It’s ADHD awareness month! ADHD is sometimes described as “time blindness” because we have trouble knitting together past behavior with present consequences. That process is called “cross-temporal association.”
BUTTON PUSHER is out 3/15/22 but you can PRE-ORDER it now!
***COVER REVEAL***
Coming 3/15/22 from @Firstsecondbooks it’s BUTTON PUSHER!
I’m super excited for this even though the release is still a year away.
A memoir-driven realistic graphic novel about Tyler, a child who is diagnosed with ADHD and has to discover for himself how to best manage it. Tyler’s brain is different. Unlike his friends, he has a hard time paying attention in class. He acts out in goofy, over-the-top ways. Sometimes, he even does dangerous things—like cut up a bus seat with a pocketknife or hang out of an attic window. To the adults in his life, Tyler seems like a troublemaker. But he knows that he’s not. Tyler is curious and creative. He’s the best artist in his grade, and when he can focus, he gets great grades. He doesn’t want to cause trouble, but sometimes he just feels like he can’t control himself. In Button Pusher, cartoonist Tyler Page uses his own childhood experiences to explore what it means to grow up with ADHD. From diagnosis to treatment and beyond, Tyler’s story is raw and enlightening, inviting you to see the world from a new perspective.
To Med or Not To Med - now in color!
Continued colorization of Raised on Ritalin. Read it all HERE.
ADHD Treatment Options now in COLOR!
In my down time I’ve started working through coloring some portions of Raised on Ritalin. Head over HERE to see the whole chapter.
Abstract BACKGROUND Evidence-based medicine is valuable to the extent that the evidence base is complete and unbiased. Selective publication of clinical trials — and the outcomes within those trials — can lead to unrealistic estimates of drug effectiveness and alter the apparent risk–benefit ratio.
Without reporting all trial data it’s impossible to get a truly clear picture of medication efficacy.
Been busy working on Button Pusher. I finished the initial round of colors a couple weeks ago. It will be out fall 2021 from First Second Books!
Can ritalin cause depression?
Depression is not a recognized side effect of Ritalin but it is often co-morbid with ADHD. I’ve definitely gone through a couple bouts of clinical depression over the years.
New deals for Chelsea Pitcher, Katie Kingman, Steven Weinberg, and others.
Serotonin and SSRIs like Prozac can have a major effect on gut bacteria. When exposed to serotonin, specific gut bacteria grew to higher levels. However, when exposed to SSRIs, the bacterium grew to much lower levels in mouse models.
