Do you know of any resources on how society should deal with e-waste? My automatic instinct was recycling since afaik many metals are highly recyclable (moreso than paper or plastic) but apparently the process for recycling electronics releases highly toxic chemicals. Is there a better way?
The answer to your question heavily depends on context.
A lot of what I worked with was vintage electronics. As a general rule older electronics have larger components. Removing, replacing, or repairing a larger component is easier than a smaller one. However you run into the obvious problem of compatibility. You can’t grab a ZX-Spectrum and expect it to functionally replace your smarphone any more than you could pull out a chip from one and insert it into the other.
With all pollutants, the best approach is to start at the source rather than clean up the result. In this particular context standardization of components and spread out generations of hardware release would be a massive improvement focused on production itself.
That is to say – instead of having dozens of competing brands and components with slightly different specifications we should establish a standardized hardware setup. Remove the market competition from the equation, and consequently you greatly reduce the production of future e-waste.
Dealing with existing microelectronic waste requires a great deal of material science, beyond what a typical community is capable of. (Chemical processes to separate the metals from plastics, etc.) It is also an expensive and time-consuming process, and consequently capitalism has no reason to pursue it.
We can’t clean up the world without economic change. If you want to stop pollution, stop the economy that necessitates it.