#catalyst: h plus

[myorgonotes]

If you kick it hard enough, you may be able to turn an Amid to an Acid (Carboxylic Acid)

When H2O attacks, it screws up the amide's resonance, so you have to drive it with heat

[myorgonotes]

Fisher Esterification

Acid catayized reaction

Almost similar to the gem-DIN formation

[myorgonotes]

Creation of an Enamine (a C- reagent.)

There are also enols, which are also C- reagents, going to guess enols are formed with a similar reaction mechanism.

[myorgonotes]

Cyanoborohydride is a weak H- donor that can react with imines to form amines. Infact, it can't attack carbonyls, only imines. 

[myorgonotes]

Attack on Oxiranes are usually for steric (size reasons) thus are Regioselective.

We can change that by adding H+ and protonating it. Now, the more crowded Carbon will be attacked because it is positive. Apparently it only works for a weak base?

In other words: Acid Catalyzed reaction open oxirans and changes the regioselectivity