#centromere

[fairlyfatale]

Advisory 4

Rice: Are you a chromosome or a centromere?

me: I’m the whole cell

[intelligentliving]

Human X Chromosome Is Completely Sequenced For The First Time

Throughout decades, scientists have gotten close to sequencing the entire human genome, but there were always a few gaps here and there, until now. In a new study, scientists have achieved complete sequencing of the X chromosome from one end to the other, covering over three million previously unmapped base...

[iaintnosidekick]

So my Human Genetics professor was telling us that she uses this analogy to help her undergrad students understand the role of the ceneticore in cellular division. There was really no reason I had to turn it into a meme but here we are anyway. Enjoy

[dr-afsaeed]

Centromere Sequencing Fills Gaps in Human Cell Line Genome - New Study/Science Updates

Researchers released the first nearly complete sequence of the widely used RPE-1 human cell line. Summary Researchers have achieved a major milestone in cell biology by releasing the first near-complete genome sequence of the RPE-1 human cell line. This commonly used cell line, derived from human retinal pigment epithelial cells, is vital for studying various cellular processes and diseases. The…

[firefly005]

Cell division Part 2

Now let's talk about mitosis cell division. Mitosis cell division is different from meiosis because it is not the process that produces sperm or egg cells but it works for the human body’s growth, repairing, and healing part of skins that are being cutted off. It makes identical cells which carry the same number and types of chromosomes that the original cell has. Before mitosis starts, the cell takes some time to grow, replicates DNA as in duplicates chromosomes and carries out its daily life functions. This time is called interphase. There's centromere which is part of chromosomes where sister chromatids are held together. Usually we count chromosomes by their centromeres and with a single centromere we call it a chromosome. That's why when the 46 chromosomes duplicate but attached by their pairs' centromere, we still say there are 46 chromosomes where it went from 46 to 92 chromatids. Anyway now we can get right into the steps of the mitosis process. The process is done by 5 steps. Prophase, metaphase, Anaphase and telophase.  

The very first step is prophase. The nucleolus is gone, the nucleus is still there and it's going to go away later on but this is a stage where it's actually there. The chromosomes are visible, in fact what we say they're condensing which means they're thickening and visible. The next stage is metaphase. In this stage the chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell. The nucleus has been disassembled, it's no longer there's so we've got the chromosomes in the middle waiting there. Next, the anaphase starts. In anaphase, the chromosomes move away, they're moving to opposite sides of the cell, so they are moving towards the poles of the cells as in sister chromatids separated. Now one thing to point out, these chromosomes are not moving by themselves, they actually have something called spindles. These spindles are fibers that help move the chromosomes to the ends. Kind of helps them move along.The last stage of mitosis is telophase. In telophase, the chromosomes are actually at the complete opposite ends and new nuclei are forming on each side to make two new cells. 

[lawmutation]

The functions of the centromere and the telomere of the chromosome.

Video link in bio.

[byosis]

Centromere

Part of the chromosome that links sister chromatids

[kill3rtcell]

I swear to god that if you're familiar with the different functional subsets of histones and also a regular on Tumblr then this is funny. On retrospect, this joke might actually be a tiny bit too obscure :S Original image