Pierre Crozat (1661–1740) was a French art collector at the center of a broad circle of cognoscenti; he was the brother of Antoine Crozat. The brothers Crozat were born in Toulouse, France, the son of peasants. He and his brother Antoine were opportunistic self-made men, rising from obscurity to become two of the wealthiest merchants in France - Pierre was known ironically as Crozat le pauvre, to distinguish him from his even wealthier brother. He was one of the most prominent French financiers and collectors, becoming the treasurer to the king in Paris, and gradually acquiring a magnificent collection of pictures, old master drawings and objets d'art. He was the principal patron of Antoine Watteau, who painted for his dining room, a suite of Four Seasons, and of other early Rococo artists. Pierre Crozat's collection of old master drawings was already one of the most important in France at the beginning of the 18th century.
Most of Crozat's treasures were dispersed after their deaths; the collection of Louis Antoine Crozat was bought in 1772, through Denis Diderot, by Catherine II of Russia and went to the Hermitage Museum in St Petersburg.