#cwdm multiplexer

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Profitability of the Optical Component Business Improved Last Year and It May Set a New Record in 2016

Profitability of the Optical Component Business Improved Last Year and It May Set a New Record in 2016

The average profitability of optical passive component and module suppliers was very close to zero over the last 5 years, despite strong demand for optics. Compared to every other level of the industry supply chain, profitability of the optical component manufacturers was the lowest by far.

Financial reports of several suppliers of optics started to show signs of improvement over the last 2-3…

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Field-Terminated Fusion Splice-On Connector-North American Market Forecast

According to ElectroniCast, the quantity of field-terminated fiber optic splice-on connectors in North America will increase at an explosive annual rate of 41.9% …

ElectroniCast Consultants, a leading market research & technology forecast consultancy addressing the fiber optics communications industry, today announced the release of a new market forecast of the consumption of field terminated…

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The Modern Data Center – Modular Data Center

The modern data center is a complex place. The proliferation of mobile devices, like tablets and smartphones, place an ever-increasing pressure on the IT departments and data centers. End-user and customers’ expectation levels have never been higher and the demand for data shows no sign of slowing down. Data center managers must manage all of these elements while also remaining efficient and…

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How much do you know about CWDM Multiplexer and DWDM Multiplexer

CWDM multiplexer and DWDM multiplexer are two main products of WDM multiplexer. The full name of WDM, CWDM and DWDM are wavelength division multiplexing, coarse wavelength division multiplexing and dense wavelength multiplexing respectively. How much do you know about them? If you have no idea, the following introduction will help you a lot.

In the very first place, let’s get to know what the WDM…

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Transmission in Coarse Wavelength Division Multiplexing Metropolitan Ring

In the case of CWDM we are talking about no amplifier, in fact, CWDM occupy so much of the optical bandwidth and using the amplifier is unrealistic.

Moreover, in order to use uncooled sources, the channels are so spaced in frequency that there is no problem in using thin film filters to select them, avoiding any distortion due to filter cascading.

The challenge is designing CWDM systems is to satisfy the requirements in terms of power budget by maintaining the cost effectiveness that customers except from this technology.

There exist two types of CWDM systems on the market, that are directed to different applications: pure CWDM and mixed DWDM and CWDM.

Pure CWDM systems are exclusively tailored on CWDM technology. Generally, they are simple machines whose main added value is the low cost.

These systems are generally completed with regenerators and fixed ADMs based on thin film technology and are used in the metro access area and in rural areas where the local exchanges are particularly far from the hub of the regional network.

Mixed CWDM and DWDM systems are instead capable to host on the same platform both CWDM and DWDM channels following the ITU-T standard channel allocation. The current international telecommunications union (ITU-T) proposal for CWDM system include placing 18 CWDM channels on a 20-nm spaced grid that spans the wavelength range from 1270 to 1610 nm. ZWP fibers have low attenuation over the 1360 to 1440 nm spectral range that comprises the E-band, allowing efficient transmission on the four CWDM channels located within the E-band. Thus, the modern full spectrum fibers enable transmission on the 16 now-loss CDWM channels located over the wavelength range from 1310 to 1610 nm.

The multiplexing stage of mixed systems is generally composed by a first CWDM multiplexer, and a second DWDM channels that fills with DWDM channels the CWDM passbands located in C band.

These kinds of system have higher cost with respect to pure CWDM, but allow slower growth after the installation using CWDM channels and faster when using DWDM configuration.

Even if CWDM interface at 10Gbit/s exist and are used mainly for backhauling of remote local exchange in rural areas, more frequently CWDM wavelengths carry 2.5Gbit/s SDH/SONET frame or directly application related formates line Fiber channel and FICON for data related application or Gbit ethernet for small distance connections.

Typical power budget of 2.5Gbit/s CWDM systems are 8dB for short-haul applications, 12dB for long-haul, and up to 16dB for extremely long connections.

An example of CWDM system used to backhaul three small local offices to a hub. The adopted architecture is a protected bus that exploits the fibers already installed in the field. The first local exchange is reached by a complete path diversity, also using two divers OADMs, since there were available two nearby but different paths but the OADM location is only one since two nearby locations were not available. In considering this architecture, it is to take into account that in rural areas, the points of presence not always are real central offices, but could also be street cabinets where the local equipment is located.

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The Application of Metropolitan area Network CWDM

As we have seen so far, CWDM optics is a simple and cost-effective approach to scale bandwidth and extend the size of networks in the metro segment. In the special application shown in the following examples using CWDM optics solves a few basic problems in metro networks.

Recently, SANs have had a high bandwidth requirement in remote data replication for disaster recovery. And this type of redundancy can be implemented in a device, the remote site redundancy adds an extra layer of disasters and disruptions from the entire site. If a data storage server is unavailable, the second copy in an offline device makes it easy to complete time update replication. We can use CWDM Extended Distance holy. You can contact each other on multiple storage servers where each receive specialized CWDM channel. This is a big savings methods. Therefore, the more wavelengths must add that if we choose to increase the storage space or want to reduce the time required to back up to a remote storage facility.

Adding additional bandwidth to a SONET OC-192 link operating with a single 1310-nm wavelength can be an expensive and difficult task. Using CWDM pluggable transceivers, plus a CWDM MUX/DEMUX fitted with a 1310-nm port, the bandwidth addition transforms into a simple low-cost upgrade.

The graceful upgrade is accomplished by inserting a CWDM MUX/DEMUX with a 1310-nm port into the link at both ends. The 1310-nm wavelength then passes through the CWDM infrastructure transparently with the CWDM wavelengths. Adding the multiplexers cannot be done without with traffic interruption and also the link budget must be sufficient to accommodate the insertion loss of the multiplexer/demultiplexer pair. However, future upgrades can be carried out without traffic interruption of existing channels, such as the 1310-nm SONET channel, provided there are enough free ports at the CWDM multiplexer.

It would seem that CWDM's scalability is limited to 16 wavelengths. Therefore, services for only 16 nodes in a ring are possible. However, scalability is possible to more than 64 wavelengths and a correspondingly larger number of users by expanding the basic architecture with DWDM. This approach promises a larger scalability than increasing the bit-rates of the CWDM channels. The idea of using DWDM in the CWDM environment is rather simple: in the DWDM world, channels are spaced at 0.4 or 0.8 nm, whereas in CWDM, the wavelengths are 20 nm apart. Using the CWDM 20-nm, whereas in CWDM, the wavelengths are 20nm apart. Using the CWDM 20-nm grid, the channels in a CWDMUX/DEMUX are designed with a 12-nm passband, wide enough to fit 8 to 10 DWDM wavelengths that can substitute the original CWDM channel. Due to the narrow spacing and spectral usage of the entire passband of the filter-components, the DWDM channels require temperature-stabilized laser sources to avoid any wavelength drift, leading to channel crosstalk and signal drop. That scaled link used three CWDM wavelengths for SONET, Ethernet, and fiber channel for data storage on the 1550-nm CWDM wavelengths. If, in particular, the storage application requires more storage capacity and faster bandwidth, additional wavelengths could be added down the 1550-nm channel by inserting a DWDM MUX/DEXUM.

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