Public demonstration in Hsinking (Xinjing), capital of Manchukuo, circa 1937. Contemporary press sources linked the event to the announcement of the German–Japanese Anti-Comintern Pact. The gathering, attended by local residents including members of the Russian émigré community, was recorded in photo agencies active at the time. While often described as an “anti-communist” rally, the precise degree of popular participation versus official orchestration remains unclear.









