01. What is the Respiratory System?
Answer: The system responsible for respiration is called respiratory system. The term respiration means intake of Oxygen (O2) for cell and expiration of Carbon dioxide (Co2) from cell.
Humans breath Oxygen and exhale Carbon dioxide.
This cycle provides the means for supporting life.
Oxygen in the air is essential to the survival of living cells.
An adult human being carries 02 (two) quarts(1) of oxygen in the blood, lungs and the tissues.
The respiratory system is responsible for taking in air, removing the oxygen, and sending it through the blood to the cells and the body.
It must also take from the blood the waste product carbon dioxide and exhaust it from the lungs.
This function is so vital to life that it's interruption for just a few minutes will result in death.
It only takes 04 to 06 minutes to cause brain damage after oxygen intake ceases.
02. What is Respiration? Answer: The exchange of Oxygen and Carbon dioxide between the atmosphere and the cells of the body. Or, Respiration is a process in which glucose is broken down with the help of oxygen and energy is released along with the production of carbon dioxide and water.
03. What are Types of Respiration? Answer: There are two types of Respiration. Such as: i) Aerobic Respiration: requires presence of oxygen. ii) Anaerobic Respiration: does not require presence of oxygen.
04. What are the Main Processes of Respiration? Answer: Respiration involves two main processes: a) Breathing or Pulmonary Ventilation: This is movement of air in and out of lungs. It supplies oxygen to the alveoli and eliminates carbon dioxide. Breathing Consists of Two Phases: i) Inspiration: is the process of taking in air. ii) Expiration: is the process of blowing out air. b) Exchange of Gases: i) In the lungs called, External Respiration: This is exchange of gases by diffusion between the alveoli and the blood in alveolar capillaries. ii) In the tissue called, Internal Respiration: This is exchange of gases by diffusion between blood in the capillaries and the body cells.
05. What are the Parts of Respiratory System?
Answer: There are Two Parts of Respiratory System, Such as:
Upper Respiratory Tract:
It is composed of--
Nasal Cavity
Nasopharynx
Oropharynx
Larynx up to vocal cord.
Lower Respiratory Tract:
It is composed of--
Larynx below vocal cord
Trachea
Right & left principal bronchus
Bronchiole
Terminal bronchiole
Respiratory bronchiole
Alveolar duct
Alveoli
Atria
Air sac
06. What are the Functions of Respiratory System?
Answer: The Functions of Respiratory System: are in the below
Exchanges oxygen and carbon-dioxide between the atmosphere and the human body.
Removes the wastages products and gases from the body.
Controls body temperature.
Regulates blood pressure in the body
Maintains the balance of acid and alkalis in the body.
Appendix:
a unit of liquid capacity equal to a quarter of a gallon or two pints, equivalent in Britain to approximately 1.13 litres and in the US to approximately 0.94 litre.
Sources:
MEDI-SCIENCE PRESENTS, SHORT TEXT BOOK ON HUMAN ANATOMY BY DR. MOHAMMAD ABDULLAH ALL QAYYUM, Third Edition: October-2023, Phone-01715-990-966.