The dialect spoken in Kunming, China, the capital city of Yunnan Province, is part of a larger system of Southwestern Mandarin dialects.
1. Kunming dialect (and most other Southwestern Mandarin dialects) does not maintain a distinction between /n/ and /l/. For example, /lěng/ is pronounced /něng/.
2. Although most of the vocabulary of Kunming dialect is consistent with Northern Mandarin, there are some exceptions. “Standard” Mandarin listed first, then Kunming dialect.
[carrot] 胡萝卜(húluóbo) - 红萝卜(hóngluóbo) [go] 去 (qù) - 克 (kè) [potato] 土豆 (tǔdòu) - 洋芋 (yángyù) [shoe] 鞋子 (xiézi) - 亥子(hàizi) [how] 怎么 (zěnme) - 咋个 (zǎge) [possessive particle] 的 (de) - 呢 (ne)
3. In Kunming, the expression 买买三三 (roughly pronounced meimei sasa) is used to express surprise and schock, like “oh my god” is sometimes used in English. Many people will also just say the first word, drawing it out into a long “mehhhh”.
*this is not an exhaustive description of the dialect, simply observations curated from three months living in the city and words and phrases taught to me by my host family