India and U.S. Corn Dispute: An Explainer
🌽 India–U.S. Corn Trade: The Key Points
🔎 Intro: Corn is now a major friction point in India–U.S. trade — GM crop concerns, farmer livelihoods & ethanol targets are at the core.
📦 Imports:
🇮🇳 Self-sufficient (~50 MT/year) but imported ~1 MT in 2024–25.
🌏 Main sources: Myanmar 🇲🇲, Ukraine 🇺🇦.
🚫 Why Not U.S. Corn:
🧬 Mostly GM — not approved in India.
💰 Cheaper → risk of dumping & hurting farmers.
⚠️ Food safety & political resistance.
⛽ Ethanol Push:
🎯 20% blending target by 2025.
🌾 Maize demand rising (10–12 MT earmarked).
📉 Importing defeats forex savings goal (~$10B).
🌎 Farming Models:
🇺🇸 U.S.: Mechanised, large farms, high productivity.
🇮🇳 India: Smallholders, focus on food security.
🇨🇳 China Factor:
🚫 China stopped U.S. soybean imports → pressure to sell corn to India.
🛑 India’s Stand:
❌ GM safety & regulatory freeze.
👨🌾 Protecting local farmers & self-reliance.
📉 Avoid NAFTA-like impact (Mexico example).
✅ Conclusion: India prioritises food security, farmer income & ethanol self-reliance — U.S. corn access remains unlikely soon.
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