PCBA production process introduction
PCBA refers to the process of mounting, inserting and soldering bare PCB components. The production process of PCBA needs to go through a series of processes to complete the production. This article will introduce the various processes of PCBA production.
The PCBA production process can be divided into several major processes, SMT patch processing → DIP plug-in processing → PCBA testing → finished product assembly.
1. SMT patch processing link
The process of SMT patch processing is: solder paste mixing → solder paste printing → SPI → placement → reflow soldering → AOI → repair
1.1 Solder paste mixing
After the solder paste is taken out of the refrigerator to thaw, it is stirred by hand or machine to suit printing and soldering.
1.2 Solder paste printing
Place the solder paste on the stencil, and use a squeegee to print the solder paste onto the PCB pads.
1.3 SPI
SPI is the solder paste thickness detector, which can detect the printing of solder paste and control the effect of solder paste printing.
1.4 Mounting
SMD components are placed on the feeder, and the placement machine head accurately mounts the components on the feeder on the PCB pads through identification.
1.5 Reflow soldering
The mounted PCB board is subjected to reflow soldering, through the high temperature inside, the paste-like solder paste is heated to become liquid, and finally cooled and solidified to complete the soldering.
1.6 AOI
AOI is automatic optical inspection, which can detect the welding effect of PCB board through scanning, and can detect the defects of the board.
1.7 Repair
Repair the defects detected by AOI or manually.
2. DIP plug-in processing link
The process of DIP plug-in processing is: plug-in → wave soldering → cutting feet → post welding processing → washing board → quality inspection
2.1 Plugin
Process the pins of the plug-in materials and insert them on the PCB board
2.2 Wave soldering
The inserted board is subjected to wave soldering. In this process, liquid tin will be sprayed onto the PCB board, and finally cooled to complete the soldering.
2.3 Cut the feet
The pins of the soldered board are too long and need to be trimmed.
2.4 After welding
Use an electric soldering iron to manually solder the components.
2.5 Wash the plate
After wave soldering, the boards will be dirty and need to be cleaned with washing water and a washing tank, or with a machine.
2.6 Quality inspection
The PCB board is inspected, the unqualified products need to be repaired, and the qualified products can enter the next process.
3. PCBA test
PCBA test can be divided into ICT test, FCT test, aging test, vibration test, etc.
PCBA test is a big test. According to different products and different customer requirements, the test methods used are different. The ICT test is to detect the welding of components and the on-off conditions of the circuit, while the FCT test is to detect the input and output parameters of the PCBA board to see if it meets the requirements.
4. Finished product assembly
The PCBA board with the test OK is assembled and tested, and finally it can be shipped.
PCBA production is one link after another. Any problem in any link will have a great impact on the overall quality, and strict control of each process is required.
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Printed Circuit Board Assembly (PCBA) is one of our core services FASTPCBA. From multi-layered to flexible printed circuit boards, FASTPCBA is your one-stop shop for PCB Manufacturing + Components Sourcing + PCB Assembly + Testing, and other electronic manufacturing services companies. We provide our customers with PCB solutions and services worldwide. especially more than 80% printed circuit board are exported to oversea market. We have full of confidence to meet your quality level.