Why wasn't race included in your survey? You find AGE pertinent, but you just default assume that everyone is white? Or you just simply don't care?
We did ask about race and ethnicity in the Fandom and Sexuality Survey, as best we could, and we were very surprised by the responses. Finding a succinct way of expressing this in the Teaser Report was difficult, however. Hence the awkward statement than “84% identified solely as white”.
Race and Ethnicities of Participants
The classification of racial and ethnic identities (and their associated experiences) does not generalize internationally. We couldn’t find useful best practices for international surveys, and so we opted to start from a list that suited what we expected to be our largest population, North Americans, and made a few modifications. Our thanks to the participants who took the care to report more relevant terms via the text field of the “Other” option. Figure 1, below reports the percentages and ratios of participants using each of the provided labels.
Many population surveys are forced single choice with an option for “mixed race”. We were more interested in identification and asked participants to check all that applied.
Figure 1: Counts of Race/Ethnicity labels selected. Participants were asked to “select all that affect you on a daily or weekly basis.” and could self identify with other labels/descriptions. The numbers reported with labels report total number of uses.
A number of the Other comments expressed concern and confusion about how or whether these participants’ identities fit into the provided categories. The most common written in responses were Jewish & Ashkenazi Jewish (24) and Southeast Asian (14). As is made obvious in plot above, the vast majority of participants identified as White: 83.7% identified sole as White, and another 6.7% included white in a mixed identity. A total of 8.1% (177) used multiple labels and/or reported a mixed race identity directly under the Other tag (25).
Minority Status by Race and Ethnicity
Figure 2: Percentage of participants who identify as a racial or ethnic minority within their fandom community.
An important part of different experiences of race and ethnicity is majority vs minority status. In fandom, we evidently can have very large majorities, but fandom communities are not always predominantly white. Rather than assume fans experiences from the results of the previous question, participants were asked directly about their minority/majority status within the community relevant to their fandom experience. Only a small portion, about 1 in 8 of our participants, identified as a racial or ethnic minority within their fandom communities.
Fandom and Fans of Colour
We were shocked by how few fans of colour participated in this survey. As we’ve said before, our two thousand participants do not represent all of fandom, and here we may be seeing a part of the problem with sampling fandom via social media: tumblr and Twitter support social silos that marginalise people with different cultural perspectives, experiences, and needs.
But this could also be a feature of slash heavy fandom. The AO3 census of 2013, which gathered five times as many responses on tumblr, included a question about racial identity, in this case adapted from the British classification. These results reported a similar distribution of identities, but with a greater proportion of non-white participants over all. Comparing our results to theirs:
The vast majority identified as White: 83.8% total vs our 90.4% total
The next most frequent racial identity was Asian: 8% compared to our total of 5.6% across East Asian, South Asian and South East Asian
2.4% identifying as Black compared to only 1.6% of our participants.
The other categories do not map as direct, but they suggest the same trend.
From this information, we can’t separate out the consequences of the sampling process (convenience sampling on social media) from type of fandom this and the AO3 census shared (mostly AO3 and tumblr users into dudeslash).
Does the Three Patch Podcast care?
To answer your last questions, we don’t think that age is more important than race, but race IS more complicated to discuss than age. These results divide fans of colour into small and potentially vulnerable groups, and sticking that first graph by itself in the Teaser Report would have felt irresponsible.
Hopefully this post gives enough context for these results to contribute constructively to ongoing discussions about fandom and race. We would love to hear more about how individual fans and fan groups feel about them.
Thanks for sharing your concern.