#servo systerm

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Where is Servo Motor and Servo Drive Used?

Figure 1: Servo motor is a core part of servo system.

With the development of information, communication and automation technology, a wide variety of automatic control devices have been used in industry production and daily life of modern world. As one of the most common devices for automatic control, servo system, constituted by servo motor and servo drive has been widely used in our daily life. With our article here, you can get a deeper understanding where exactly can servo motor and servo drive can be used.

1. What is Servo System?

Servo system, is a feedback control system used to accurately follow or reproduce a process. As one of the key components of a servo system and the execution part of it, servo motor changes the object's position, orientation, state and other output controlled quantity following the input (or a given value). Its task is to amplify, transform and regulate the power according to the requirements of the control command, so that the output torque, speed and position control of the driving device is very flexible and convenient.

2. Components of Servo System

The system is mainly composed of HMI touch screen, PLC, servo drive, permanent magnet synchronous servo motor. The servo motor is the executive mechanism of the movement. It does position, speed and current control, so as to meet the user's functional requirements.

Figure 2: Servo system is composed of PLC, drive, motor, reducer and interface.

3. Features, Uses and Types of Servo System

3.1 Features of Servo System

It needs accurate detection device to compose closed speed and position loop.

Various Feedback and Comparison Principles

There are a variety of feedback comparison principles and methods. According to the different principles of detection device to achieve information feedback and different methods of feedback comparison, there are pulse comparison, phase comparison and amplitude comparison in common use.

High Performance Servo Motor

In NC machine tools for efficient and complex surface processing, the servo system will often be in the process of frequent start and brake. So the ratio of the motor's output torque to the moment of inertia is required to be large enough to generate a large acceleration or braking torque. And also the servo motor is required to have large enough output torque at low speed and smooth operation, so as to minimize the intermediate link in the connection with the mechanical moving part.

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Summary of the key issues of the servo motor drive

1. How to use stepper motor driver?

According to the current of the motor, use a driver that is greater than or equal to this current. If low vibration or high precision is required, a subdivision drive can be used. For high-torque motors, use high-voltage drivers as much as possible to obtain good high-speed performance.

2. When to choose a DC servo system and what is the difference between it and AC servo?

DC servo motors are divided into brush and brushless motors. Brushed motor has low cost, simple structure, large starting torque, wide speed adjustment range, easy control, maintenance is required, but maintenance is convenient (changing carbon brushes), generates electromagnetic interference, and has requirements for the environment. Therefore, it can be used in common industrial and civil occasions that are sensitive to cost. The brushless motor is small in size, light in weight, large in output, fast in response, high in speed, small in inertia, smooth in rotation and stable in torque. The control is complex, easy to realize intelligence, and its electronic commutation method is flexible, and it can be square wave commutation or sine wave commutation. The motor is maintenance-free, highly efficient, low operating temperature, low electromagnetic radiation, long life, and can be used in various environments. AC servo motors are also brushless motors, which are divided into synchronous and asynchronous motors. At present, synchronous motors are generally used in motion control. They have a large power range and can achieve great power. Large inertia, low maximum rotation speed, and rapid decrease as the power increases. Therefore, it is suitable for low-speed and smooth running applications.

3. There is a servo motor with encoder feedback, can it be controlled by a servo drive with only a tachometer port?

Yes, it needs to be equipped with an encoder to tachometer signal module.

4.Can the domestic drive or motor be matched with foreign high-quality motors or drives?

In principle, it is possible, but it can only be used after knowing the technical parameters of the motor, otherwise it will greatly reduce the expected effect, and even affect the long-term operation and life. It is best to consult the supplier before making a decision.

5. How to choose the appropriate power supply for the application?

It is recommended to select the power supply voltage value 10%-50% higher than the maximum required voltage. This percentage varies with Kt, Ke, and the voltage drop in the system. The current value of the driver should be enough to deliver the energy required by the application. Remember that the output voltage value of the driver is different from the supply voltage, so the output current of the driver is also different from the input current. In order to determine the appropriate supply current, it is necessary to calculate all the power requirements for this application and add another 5%. According to the formula I = P/V, the required current value can be obtained.

6. Which working method can I choose for the servo drive?

Different modes are not all present in all models of drives

7. How to ground the drive and the system?

A. If there is no isolation between the AC power supply and the drive DC bus (such as a transformer), do not connect the non-isolated port of the DC bus or the ground of the non-isolated signal to the ground, which may cause equipment damage and personal injury. Because the AC public voltage is not to the ground, there may be a very high voltage between the DC bus ground and the ground.

B. In most servo systems, all common ground and ground are connected together at the signal end. The ground loops generated by multiple ways of connecting the ground are easily affected by noise and generate flow at different reference points.

C. In order to keep the command reference voltage constant, connect the signal ground of the driver to the signal ground of the controller. It will also be connected to the ground of the external power supply, which will affect the operation of the controller and the drive (such as the 5V power supply of the encoder).

D. It is more difficult to ground the shielding layer. There are several methods. The correct shield grounding is at the reference potential point inside the circuit. This point depends on whether the noise source and receiver are both grounded or floating. Make sure that the shielding layer is grounded at the same point so that ground current does not flow through the shielding layer.

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Application of Servo System in Textile Machinery

As the product of the development of modern science and technology, servo system with its irreplaceable role and excellent performance, can be found in almost every area of industry. Servo system is an important part of textile machinery automation and digital control system.

Figure 1: A worker makes yarns on a spinning frame.

Servo Controller for Carding

At present, the producing line equipment, both in appearance and internal quality, has made great progress. You can find fine grasping ability, more humanized design, friendly man-machine interface, and more convenient operation and maintenance on modern textile producing machinery. Sound, light, electricity, gas, frequency conversion drive technology, advanced servo system and other new technologies, new carding theory are widely used in the design and manufacturing of the carding production line. This promotes the producing line developing at a direction of high yield, high speed, energy saving, high quality. Stability and reliability of production have improved. In addition, the whole producing process can run synchronously, continuously and smoothly. It controls the unevenness rate of the length of the sliver, the knot content and the impurity rate of the sliver stably within a certain range, so as to ensure the quality of raw materials in the later producing process.

Figure 2: A carding machine installed with a servo system.

Servo Controller for Drawing Frame

With the continuous improvement of the requirements of spinning production, it is very important to apply the self-leveling technique in a drawing frame. With servo controller, the drawing frame can automatically and effectively detect the unevenness of the sliver and adjust the draft ratio in real time, therefore to effectively control the quality of the output sliver. But this control system still has a large room for improvement. With servo motor and digital closed loop control technology, FA387 drawing frame realizes stepless adjustment and dynamic monitoring of main draft. The minimum draft multiple can be adjusted within ±0.01 times and the weight control precision can reach 0.05g/ (5m). The quality of sliver is stable and the operation is reliable. Its advanced electronic control and automation technology efficiently reduce the power consumption and running noise of the drawing machine. What’s more, it works with easy operation and maintenance, and can reduce 4 to 8 repair workers for producing 1 million ingots and save about 200 thousand yuan annually.

Figure 3: Servo system works for drawing frame.

FA398A drawing frame adopts computer control, servo drive, frequency control, sensor detection and other advanced electronic technology, realizing the whole process of auto leveling of short segments controlled by open loop and real-time control of sliver. When different varieties are tested under the conditions of different speeds, all can achieve stable control, good even effect, and improve the quality of sliver. The control schematic diagram of the auto leveler system with open-loop control is shown below.

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