#vibhutiyoga

[bhagvadgita]

Verse 10.21 - Vibhuti Yoga

आदित्यानामहं विष्णुर्ज्योतिषां रविरंशुमान् |

मरीचिर्मरुतामस्मि नक्षत्राणामहं शशी || १०-२१||

ādityānām ahaṁ viṣhṇur jyotiṣhāṁ ravir anśhumān

marīchir marutām asmi nakṣhatrāṇām ahaṁ śhaśhī

Amongst the twelve sons of Aditi I am Vishnu; amongst luminous objects I am the Sun. Know Me to be Marichi amongst the Maruts, and the Moon amongst the stars in the night sky.

This verse is part of the Vibhuti Yoga, or the Yoga of Divine Glories, in which Lord Krishna reveals his various manifestations in the world. He declares that he is the Supreme Reality behind all the names and forms of existence, and that he pervades everything as the essence and support of all beings. He also instructs Arjuna to meditate on his glories as a way of attaining devotion and liberation.

In this verse, he identifies himself with four cosmic phenomena: Vishnu, the Sun, Marichi and the Moon. Vishnu is one of the twelve Adityas, or solar deities, who are the sons of Aditi, the mother of gods. Vishnu is considered the most prominent and powerful among them, as he is the preserver and protector of the universe. He is also the source of all avatars, or divine incarnations, who descend to earth to restore dharma, or righteousness.

The Sun is the most brilliant and radiant among all luminous objects. It is the source of light, heat and life for all living beings. It also represents knowledge, wisdom and enlightenment, as it dispels darkness and ignorance. The Sun is also called Surya Narayana, or the Sun-god who is a manifestation of Narayana, another name of Vishnu.

Marichi is one of the 49 Maruts, or storm-gods, who are the sons of Diti, the mother of demons. Marichi is the chief among them, and he represents the wind that blows with great speed and force. He also symbolizes prana, or vital energy, that sustains all life forms. Marichi is also a name of Brahma, the creator god, who is said to be born from a ray of light emanating from Vishnu.

The Moon is the most beautiful and soothing among all stars in the night sky. It is the source of nectar, joy and peace for all living beings. It also represents mind, emotion and intuition, as it influences the tides and moods of creatures. The Moon is also called Chandra or Soma, and he is one of the nine planets (navagrahas) that govern the destiny of humans.

By identifying himself with these four cosmic phenomena, Lord Krishna reveals his supreme power, beauty and grace that pervade all aspects of creation. He also invites Arjuna to recognize his presence in everything and worship him with love and devotion.

Some other Vedic texts that mention these four cosmic phenomena are:

- Rig Veda 1.22.20:

तवं विष्णुरुरुक्रमो नमस्येमा अदितेरपत्या अग्ने | तव प्रसीदन्नुत भद्रा गोपाः सूर्यस्य रश्मिभिर्वि रोचना ||

tvaṁ viṣhṇur urukramo namasyemā aditer apatyā agne

tva prasīdann uta bhadra gopāḥ sūryasya raśhmibhir vi rocanā

You are Vishnu with wide strides; we bow down to you as Aditi's offspring, O Agni.

Be pleased with us; protect us well with your rays like Surya's shining beams.

- Rig Veda 5.52.7:

मरीचीनां पतिरसि मरुतां पतिरसि सूर्यस्य रश्मीनाम् | अग्ने देवानां पतिरसि पतिरसि पृथिव्या अपामोषधीनाम् ||

marīcīnāṁ patir asi marutāṁ patir asi sūryasya raśhmīnām

agne devānāṁ patir asi patir asi pṛthivyā apāmoṣhadhīnām

You are the lord of Marichis, the lord of Maruts, the lord of Surya's rays.

O Agni, you are the lord of gods, the lord of earth, waters and plants.

- Rig Veda 10.85.9: अदितिर्द्यौरदितिरन्तरिक्षमदितिर्माता स पिता स पुत्रः | विश्वेदेवा अदितिः पञ्चजना अदितिर्जातमदितिर्जनित्वम् ||

aditir dyaur aditir antarikṣam aditir mātā sa pitā sa putraḥ

viśhvedevā aditiḥ pañcajanā aditir jātam aditir janitvam

Aditi is the sky, Aditi is the atmosphere, Aditi is the mother, father and son.

Aditi is all gods, Aditi is five peoples, Aditi is all that is born and will be born.

- Atharva Veda 19.9.14:

चन्द्रमा मनसो जातश्चक्षोः सूर्यो अजायत | मुखादिन्द्रश्चाग्निश्च प्राणाद्वायुरजायत ||

chandramā manaso jātaś cakṣhoḥ sūryo ajāyata

mukhād indraś cāgniś ca prāṇād vāyur ajāyata

The moon was born from the mind, the sun was born from the eyes.

From the mouth were born Indra and Agni, from the breath was born Vayu.

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[bhagvadgita]

Verse 10.42 - Vibhuti Yoga

अथवा बहुनैतेन किं ज्ञातेन तवार्जुन |

विष्टभ्याहमिदं कृत्स्नमेकांशेन स्थितो जगत् || 42|।

But what need is there for all this detailed knowledge, O Arjun? Simply know that by one fraction of My being, I pervade and support this entire creation.

The meaning of this verse is that the Supreme Lord, is telling Arjun that there is no point in knowing all the details of His opulence and manifestations, which are infinite and inconceivable. He says that Arjun should just understand that by a tiny part of His energy, He sustains and controls the entire universe. This implies that the Lord is omnipotent, omnipresent and omniscient. He is the source of everything and nothing is independent of Him.

This verse also reveals the transcendental nature of Shree Krishna, who is simultaneously present in His personal form as well as in His impersonal aspect as the Supersoul in all living beings and things. He is not limited by time, space or causation. He can expand Himself into unlimited forms and energies without losing His original identity. He is the supreme controller and enjoyer of everything.

This verse also teaches us humility and devotion. We should not be proud of our knowledge, power or wealth, which are all derived from the Lord's grace. We should not think that we can understand the Lord by our own efforts or intelligence. We should surrender to Him and seek His mercy and guidance. We should worship Him with love and devotion, knowing that He is our ultimate goal and shelter.

There are some similar verses from other Vedic texts that convey the same message as this verse.

- In the Rig Veda (1.164.46), it is said:

एकं सद्विप्रा बहुधा वदन्ति

Truth is one; sages call it by various names.

This verse indicates that there is only one Supreme Reality, who manifests Himself in various forms and names according to different modes of worship and understanding.

- In the Atharva Veda (10.8.37), it is said:

सर्वं खल्विदं ब्रह्म

All this is indeed Brahman.

This verse implies that Brahman, the Supreme Spirit, pervades everything and nothing exists apart from Him. He is the essence of all existence.

- In the Yajur Veda (40.8), it is said:

स पर्यगाच्छुक्रमकायमव्रणमस्नाविरं शुद्धमपापविद्धम् | कविर्मनीषी परिभूः स्वयम्भूर्याथातथ्यतोऽर्थान् व्यदधाच्छाश्वतीभ्यः समाभ्यः ||

He, the self-existent, pervades all—radiant, bodiless, scatheless, without muscles, pure, untouched by evil; far-seeing, transcendent, self-sprung; ordering all things rightly for eternal years.

This verse describes the attributes of the Supreme Lord, who is the creator, maintainer and destroyer of everything. He is bodiless, scatheless and pure, just like the purest and subtlest form of energy.

[bhagvadgita]

Verse 10.41 - Vibhuti Yoga

यद्यद्विभूतिमत्सत्त्वं श्रीमदूर्जितमेव वा ।

तत्तदेवावगच्छ त्वं मम तेजोऽशसम्भवम् ॥ ४१ ॥

yad yad vibhūtimat sattvaṁ śrīmad ūrjitam eva vā

tat tad evāvagaccha tvaṁ mama tejo ’nśa-sambhavam

Whatever being is glorious, prosperous or powerful, you should understand that to be born of a fraction of My splendor.

- In this verse, the Lord declares that He is the source of all opulence, beauty and glory in the world. He says that whatever we see as magnificent, attractive or influential, is nothing but a spark of His infinite splendor. He wants us to recognize His presence and supremacy in all His wonderful manifestations.

- This verse also implies that we should not be attached or deluded by the worldly splendor, which is temporary and illusory. We should not be proud or envious of our own or others' achievements, which are dependent on the grace of God. We should not forget our true identity as the eternal souls, who are parts and parcels of God, and who are meant to serve and love Him.

- This verse also inspires us to appreciate and worship God's splendor in all His creation. We should not be indifferent or hostile to anyone or anything, but see them as expressions of God's energy. We should cultivate a vision of unity and harmony, and offer our gratitude and devotion to God, who is the origin and sustainer of everything.

Some similar verses from other Vedic texts are:

- Īśopaniṣad Verse 6:

यस्मात् सर्वाणि भूतानि आत्मन्येवानुपश्यति ।

सर्वभूतेषु चात्मानं ततो न विजुघुप्सते ॥

yasmat sarvāṇi bhūtāni ātmanyevānupaśyati

sarvabhūteṣu cātmānaṁ tato na vijugupsate

He who sees all beings in the Self, and the Self in all beings, he never hates anyone.

- Ṛgveda 1.164.46:

एकं सद् विप्रा बहुधा वदन्ति ।

ekaṁ sad viprā bahudhā vadanti

The Truth is one, but the wise call it by many names.

- Chāndogya Upaniṣad 3.14.1:

सर्वं खल्विदं ब्रह्म ।

sarvaṁ khalvidam brahma

All this is indeed Brahman (the Supreme Spirit).

[bhagvadgita]

Verse 10.39 - Vibhuti Yoga

यच्चापि सर्वभूतानां बीजं तदहमर्जुन ।

न तदस्ति विना यत्स्यान्मया भूतं चराचरम् ॥ १०-३९॥

And whatsoever is the seed of all beings, that also am I, O Arjun.

There is no being, whether moving or nonmoving, that can exist without Me.

- In this verse, the Lord declares that He is the generating seed of all living beings, and that nothing can exist without His will and power. He is the source and sustainer of all creation, and everything emanates from Him. He is not only the efficient cause, but also the material cause of the universe. He is the origin and the end of everything.

- This verse also implies that the Lord is present in every living being as the Supersoul, or Paramatma. He is the witness and the guide of all souls, and He knows their past, present and future. He is the controller and the protector of all beings, and He bestows His grace and mercy upon them according to their devotion and surrender. He is the supreme object of love and worship for all living beings.

- This verse also reveals that the Lord is the supreme personality of Godhead, who possesses unlimited opulences and mystic powers. He is the eternal, transcendental, original person, who is unborn and beginningless. He is the Lord of all worlds, the God of gods, and the master of all. He is beyond the comprehension of the demigods and the sages, and only He knows Himself by His own internal potency. He is the supreme Brahman, or Absolute Truth.

Some similar verses from Vedic texts that convey the same message are:

- This verse is from Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam Canto 11, Chapter 16, Verse 18:

अहमेवाक्षयः कालो धाताऽहं विश्वतोमुखः ।

मत्तः सर्वं प्रवर्तते मत्तः सर्वं प्रतिष्ठितम् ॥

I alone am the inexhaustible time, I am the dispenser facing all directions.

From Me everything proceeds; upon Me everything is established.

- This verse is from Bhagavad Gita Chapter 10, Verse 8:

अहं हि सर्वस्य प्रभवो मत्तः सर्वं प्रवर्तते ।

इति मत्वा भजन्ते मां बुधा भावसमन्विताः ॥

I am the source of all; from Me everything emanates.

Knowing this, the wise worship Me with loving devotion.

- This verse is from Īśopaniṣad Invocation:

ओं पूर्णमदः पूर्णमिदं पूर्णात् पूर्णमुदच्यते ।

पूर्णस्य पूर्णमादाय पूर्णमेवावशिष्यते ॥

Om. That is complete, this is complete, from the completeness comes the completeness.

If completeness is taken away from completeness, only completeness remains.

[bhagvadgita]

Verse 10.38 - Vibhuti Yoga

दण्डो दमयतामस्मि नीतिरस्मि जिगीषताम् |

मौनं चैवास्मि गुह्यानां ज्ञानं ज्ञानवतामहम् || 38||

I am the punishment of those who restrain, I am the morality of those who seek victory.

I am also the silence of the secrets, I am the knowledge of the wise.

The Lord continues to reveal some of his divine manifestations in the world. He says that he is the just and lawful punishment that is imposed on those who violate the rules of dharma, or righteous conduct. He is also the ethical and virtuous behavior that guides those who aspire for success and glory. He is the silence that conceals the mysteries of the spiritual realm, and he is the wisdom that enlightens the intelligent seekers of truth.

This verse shows how the Lord pervades all aspects of life, from justice to morality, from secrecy to knowledge. He is not only the source of all creation, but also the regulator and protector of it. He is not only the supreme teacher, but also the supreme student. He is not only the revealer, but also the concealer. He is not only the giver, but also the taker.

Some similar verses from other Vedic texts that express Lord's omnipresence and omnipotence are:

- Bhagavad Gita 10.8:

अहं सर्वस्य प्रभवो मत्तः सर्वं प्रवर्तते ।

इति मत्वा भजन्ते मां बुधा भावसमन्विताः ॥ १०-८॥

I am the source of all; from me everything evolves; understanding this, the wise worship me with all their heart.

- Isha Upanishad 7:

यस्मिन् सर्वाणि भूतानि आत्मैवाभूद् विजानतः ।

तत्र को मोहः कः शोक एकत्वमनुपश्यतः ॥ ७॥

When one realizes that in him alone all beings exist, and he alone exists in all beings, then what delusion or sorrow can afflict him who sees oneness everywhere?

- Chandogya Upanishad 3.14.1:

सर्वं खल्विदं ब्रह्म तज्जलानिति शान्त उपासीत ।

अथ खलु क्रतुमयः पुरुषो यथाक्रतुरस्मिँल्लोके पुरुषो भवति तथेतः प्रेत्य भवति स क्रतुं कुर्वीत ॥ ३-१४-१॥

All this is Brahman; let a man meditate on that as his Self with calmness. Verily, a man becomes what he thinks in this world; so he will be after death; therefore let him shape his thoughts.

[bhagvadgita]

Verse 10.37 - Vibhuti Yoga

वृष्णीनां वासुदेवोऽस्मि पाण्डवानां धनञ्जयः । मुनीनामप्यहं व्यासः कवीनामुशना कविः ॥ १०-३७॥

Amongst the descendants of Vrishni, I am Krishna, and amongst the Pandavas I am Arjun. Know me to be Ved Vyas amongst the sages, and Shukracharya amongst the great thinkers.

In this verse, the Lord identifies himself with some of the most illustrious personalities of the Vedic culture, who are considered to be his vibhutis or glories. By doing so, he shows his omnipresence and omniscience in the world.

The first two names he mentions are Vāsudeva and Dhanañjaya, which are his own names as well as the names of his close friend and devotee, Arjun. Vāsudeva means the son of Vasudev, which is the name of Krishna’s father as well as Arjun’s grandfather. Dhanañjaya means the conqueror of wealth, which is a title given to Arjun for his prowess in war and generosity in charity. By equating himself with Arjun, Krishna demonstrates his intimate relationship with his devotee and also his supreme position as the source of all beings.

The next two names he mentions are Vyāsa and Uśhanā, who are two of the most revered sages and thinkers in the Vedic tradition. Vyāsa is the compiler of the Vedas, the Puranas, the Mahabharata, and the Brahma Sutras. He is also an incarnation of Krishna himself and the author of the Bhagavad Gita. Uśhanā, also known as Shukracharya, is the preceptor of the demons and the expert of the science of ethics. He is also the author of the Shukra Niti, a treatise on politics and morality. By identifying himself with these two sages, Krishna reveals his role as the teacher and the guide of humanity and also his impartiality towards all beings.

[bhagvadgita]

Verse 10.36 - Vibhuti Yoga

द्यूतं छलयतामस्मि तेजस्तेजस्विनामहम् |

जयोऽस्मि व्यवसायोऽस्मि सत्त्वं सत्त्ववतामहम् || ३६ ||

I am the gambling of the cheats and the splendor of the splendid. I am the victory of the victorious, the resolve of the resolute, and the virtue of the virtuous.

The meaning of this verse is that the Supreme Lord, manifests himself in various aspects of the world, both good and bad. He is the source of all power, glory, success, determination, and goodness, but he also allows the misuse of these qualities by the free will of the living beings. He is not responsible for the actions of the cheaters, but he is the ability that they possess. He is not partial to anyone, but he rewards those who follow his instructions and punishes those who go against his will.

This verse shows that the Lord is the supreme controller of everything, and nothing can exist without him. He is the essence of all existence, and he pervades all creation. He is not limited by any material condition, but he can manifest himself in any form or situation. He is the ultimate goal of all seekers of truth, and he reveals himself to those who surrender to him with devotion.

Some similar verses from Vedic texts are:

- Rig Veda 1.164.46:

एकं सद्विप्रा बहुधा वदन्ति अग्निं यमं मातरिश्वानमाहुः |

ऋचो यजूंषि सामानि विश्वा देवा विश्वे वचस्य भुवने ||

Truth is one; sages call it by various names. They call it Agni, Yama, Matarishvan. The Vedas, the sacrifices, the chants, all the gods, all the worlds, are the expressions of the word.

- Atharva Veda 10.8.37:

यस्य देवा परभवन्त्यधितिर्यस्य देवाः समभवन्त्यधितिः | यस्य देवाः परमभवन्त्यधितिर्यस्य देवाः समभवन्त्यधितिः ||

He whose power the gods surpass not, he whose power the gods attain not, he whose power the gods excel not, he whose power the gods equal not.

- Yajur Veda 40.8:

स यथा सर्वाणि भूतान्यात्मन्येवानुपश्यति |

सर्वभूतेषु चात्मानं ततो न विजुगुप्सते ||

He who sees all beings in the self, and the self in all beings, he does not hate anyone.