“In November 1930, one Communist detected a shift in elite thinking away from attacking the economic factors that led to mass joblessness and toward explicitly coercive strategies designed to separate and control the jobless. “They have given up all attempts at doing away with unemployment and concentrate on doing away with the unemployed,” argued this radical. To illustrate his argument, he highlighted the wide-ranging discussions around “the setting up of debt slave camps in the woods, the finding of work at starvation pay ‘beyond the city limits,’ the cutting of wood (for board) in Allouette Park and the many schemes concocted in the festering heads of the class enemies of the working class.” Another jobless man wrote to the Unemployed Worker from one of the camps, wryly noting that “one thing we have to be thankful for” was the fact that “‘our’ roads are being built so cheaply.” The dilemma of identification posed by this writer is significant: could the unemployed feel that the roads they built belong to them? And if they did, were they labouring under an illusion?” - Todd McCallum, Hobohemia and the Crucifixion Machine: Rival images of a new world in 1930s Vancouver. Edmonton: Athabaska Univesity Press, 2014. p. 200.










