#y-chromosome

[biology-geology-beaches-india]

The Scientific Research Notes S. Sunkavally (years:2002-2011).

4938-4940.

[wemdashikurfan-blog]

Y-chromosome polymorphisms in two Pakistani ethnic groups and its relationship with neighbouring Indian populations | IJB_INNSPUB - International Journal of Biosciences || IJB - INNSPUB

By: Muhammad Tariq, Habib Ahmad, Inamullah, Umar Farooq, Tauseef Ahmad

The paternally inherited Y-chromosome short tandem repeats (Y-STRs), are excellent tool in inferring modern human evolutionary studies, genetic human identification and genetic genealogy. In the present study a total of 60unrelated male of two ethnic groups (Gujarsand Karlars) from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan were analyzed using PowerPlex®12 Y-STR loci amplification system (DYS19, DYS385a/b, DYS389I/II, DYS390, DYS391, DYS392, DYS393, DYS437, DYS438 andDYS439), to investigate the genetic polymorphisms and to determine the genetic relationship of two Pakistani populations with three neighboring Indian populations of the same linguistic family.

[linkfinds]

♪ DOO DOO DOO DOO! ♪

[feministarchives-internet-blog]

“I’m not buying it. Asians, Middle Easterners, Latinos fawn after white women more than they normally would due to white world dominance. BUT Latino and Asian men don’t turn degradation of women of their cultures into popular art forms (as black American men do with their music and comedy routines). BUT you never see groups of Mexican or Japanese men online for hours daily, talking for hours about how ugly, undesirable, unwanted by all, chosen last, the women of their culture are. ONLY the American negro man does this. Any person with a conscience would feel bad when another living, breathing soul expresses pain, and they know they are causing it and can end it. But when they see they’re hurting a black girl or woman’s soul with their hate, they enjoy it. When they taste “blood,” more black men pile on, and they twist the knife into her soul deeper and deeper. This is sociopathy, frightening and abnormal. Even if the author dated black women for the rest of his life, I wouldn’t trust him. Whatever mental disturbance allowed him to relentlessly torment humans without guilt is still inside him. It doesn’t occur to normal people to do that. This is why we say, “Stick with white women.” On the one hand, you have the criminal thugs. On the other, you have the “good” black man who keeps his hatred for black women hidden (except online) – until the day he suddenly explodes and injures or kills a black woman. I don’t trust them. I wouldn’t date one because I’d be so scared. I’d never breed one. No way will I have THAT for a son. Breeding someone who loathes my existence. I won’t go around them to “teach” or fix them.”

- BW in response to a certain ‘enlightened’ black male’s article. Women truly are saints for birthing a gender that has, time and time again, hated and destroyed their minds, bodies and souls. Y’all are the real MVP’s. 

[nivenus]

World Map of Y-Chromosome Haplogroups, with Possible Migration Routes by Chakazul

[Source]

[nerdhero-blog]

"The father of all men is 340,000 years old" - More than twice as old as originally thought

Michael Hammer, a geneticist at the University of Arizona in Tucson, heard about Perry's unusual Y chromosome and did some further testing. His team's research revealed something extraordinary: Perry did not descend from the genetic Adam. In fact, his Y chromosome was so distinct that his male lineage probably separated from all others about 338,000 years ago.

"The Y-chromosome tree is much older than we thought," says Chris Tyler-Smith at the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute in Hinxton, UK, who was not involved in the study. He says further work will be needed to confirm exactly how much older.

http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn23240-the-father-of-all-men-is-340000-years-old.html

[bushnell-second-quotes]

I see my Y chromosome counts today.

Mosh-Mosh

[biologyforthewin]

On Y-chromosome degeneration...

Human genomes are constantly changing; new variants of genes arise and other genes are lost, in the never-ending evolution. This is also the case for our sex chromosomes.

The human chromosomes (www.ghr.nlm.nih.gov)

The human sex chromosomes, the X and Y chromosomes, originated 200-300 million years ago from autosomes (genes that are not sex chromosomes). In addition to their role in sex determination, the sex chromosomes are also known to be important in various evolutionary processes, such as speciation. The Y-chromosome is different from the rest of our genome for two reasons: First, there is no recombination on the Y-chromosome like on the other chromosomes, and second, the Y-chromosome transmission from parents to offspring is male-limited. Another feature makes this chromosome interesting; it is degenerating. The degeneration means, that genes on the Y-chromosome are lost, and over time more and more genes from this chromosome will disappear.

So what is the future for the Y-chromosome? Will men disappear? Well, according to comparative genomic studies, there is no need to worry. By comparing the Y-chromosome of the rhesus macaque to the Y-chromosome of humans, researchers have suggested that the degeneration has come to a halt. The two chromosomes have almost the same content, and since the two races split 30 million years ago, the Y-chromosomes must have been stable at least since then.

However, in some species, the Y-chromosome have been completely lost (they have XX/X0 sex determination). The is considered the evolutionary end point of ersion of genomic activity of the Y-chromosome. However, for this to happen, another way of sex determination needs to be evolved. Therefore, the Y-chromosome will only disappear if a sex determination mechanism have evolved on another chromosome. In other words; don't worry men, you won't disappear. At least not today. Or tomorrow.