What Is Spectral Justice?
Erasure is an insidious pattern of harm where people are made invisible or unknowable.
The violence is both digital and material. Digitally, this takes the form of governance without democratic accountability. Materially, this takes the form of state-enabled disposability. With the ascendence of algorithmic control, there is not so much a line between digital and physical erasure as continuity.
Spectral justice represents the tools for mappingāand resistingāerasure.
The term comes from the philosophical concept of āhauntologyā from Jacques Derrida, which describes how things erased (or denied) still shape the present.
Your āhauntologicalā rights as a data subject.
Data subject rights give you legal control over your personal data: whatās collected, who stores it, how itās used, and how to challenge it. These rights vary by country.
Canada: Personal Information Protection and Electronic Documents Act (PIPEDA): Know what personal data a private company has about you, access that data, request corrections, file a complaint about misuse.
European Union (EU)/EEA: Digital Services Act (DSA) āStatement of Reasonsā right: platforms must explain moderation/removal actions when asked under Article 17. GDPR: you have rights to access, correct, delete, restrict, object and get data portability.
United Kingdom: UK GDPR and Data Protection Act 2018: Right to object to automated decision-making, and right to lodge a complaint with the ICO
United States: No federal data protection law. California (CCPA / CPRA): Know whatās collected, Opt out of sale of personal data, Request deletion, Correct inaccurate data
Australia: Privacy Act 1988, Brazil: LGPD (Lei Geral de Proteção de Dados), South Africa: POPIA, Japan: Act on the Protection of Personal Information (APPI), Taiwan: Personal Data Protection Act (PDPA), New Zealand: Privacy Act 2020, South Korea: Personal Information Protection Act (PIPA)