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[japanese-sentences]

わたしのパソコンは新しいです。

My PC is new.

This sentence looks pretty long, let's clear things up by adding a few spaces.

わたし　の　パソコン　は　新しい　です。

わたし　の　パソコン  literally means 'the computer of me', but in english, one would say 'my PC'.

パソコン　is an abbreviation for personal computer and can mean a desktop computer, a laptop, a mac, etc.

新しい means 'new' and is pronounced あたらしい. Notice, that the あたら comes from the kanji, and the しい is attached to the back.

Kanji breakdown:

新しい　（あたらしい）　new

新　（あたら）　（１５０２）　new

新しい　is an い-adjective

[japanese-sentences]

妹はかわいいです。

My little sister is cute.

妹 means 'little sister' and is pronounced いもうと

かわいい is a い-adjective. It means 'cute'.

Kanji breakdown:

妹　（いもうと）　（２２０）　little sister

[japanese-sentences]

父はやさしいです。

My father is kind.

父 means ‘father’ and is pronounced ちち

やさしい is a い-adjective. It means ‘kind’ or ‘friendly’

Kanji breakdown:

父　（ちち）　（１２７４）　father

[japanese-sentences]

わたしは大阪大学の学生です。

I am a student of Osaka University

わたし　は　おおさかだいがく　の　がくせい　です。

This sentence is similar to わたしは学生です. Let's break it down:

わたし is the かな of 私 and is a polite form to refer to oneself.

は is the topic marking particle: "this sentence is about me!"

大阪 is pronounced おおさか refers to the city of Osaka.

大学 is pronounced だいがく and means university. It's components are "great" and "learning", which seems appropriate for a university.

の is a particle and shows that something is a part of something, or it belongs to something. "X の Y の Z" means "Z of Y of X". Another example would be: "The tire of the car of me." (which sounds strange in English, I know)

学生 means 'student' and is pronounced "学生". Note, that here 学 is pronounced the same as in 大学.

です declares a state of being. It's the "am" in "I am a student of Osaka University"

Kanji breakdown:

大阪　（おおさか）　Osaka

大（おお）（１０７）　big; large

阪（さか）（１２９４）　slope; hill; heights

"A city made entirely of large hills with great heights? That must be Osaka"

大学　（だいがく）　University

 大（だい）（１０７）　big; large This time, 大 is pronounced differently! Why is that? Kanji actually can have different pronunciation depending on the other words that it's used with. Different combinations can have different pronunciations, that's why it's important that you learn pronunciation in context, and don't waste time learning the individual pronunciations.

学（がく）（３２４）　study; learning; science 

The great learning is done in the university.

学生　（がくせい）　student

学（がく）（３２４）　study; learning; science 

生（せい）（１５５５）　life; birth

Studying is a student's life.

[japanese-sentences]

利口だ。

He is smart.

利口 means smart. Pronunciation: りこう

だ is an informal way to say that something is the way it is (declare a state of being). It's like saying "This is what he's like: smart."

Kanji breakdown:

利口　（りこう）　clever; intelligent; smart

利　（り）　（９００）　profit; advantage; benefit

口　（こう）　（１１）　mouth

You will have a benefit of the things that come out of an intelligent person's mouth. (e.g. great advice, that will change your life for the better) 

[japanese-sentences]

口をとじなさい。

Please close the mouth.

口 means mouth and is pronounced くち

を is an object particle. It marks, what the object in a sentence is.

とじなさい means to close something. とじ is the kana of 閉じ which means to close.

Kanji breakdown:

口（くち）（１１）　mouth

閉じ（とじ）（１６２３）　close

The gates are too big to be closed by a normal man, only a genius can do it.

[japanese-sentences]

口をあけなさい。

Please open your mouth. (at the dentist)

口 means mouth and is pronounced くち

を is an object particle. It marks, what the object in a sentence is.

あけなさい means to open something. あけ is the kana of 開け which means to open.

Kanji breakdown:

口（くち）（１１）　mouth

開け（あけ）（１６２２）　open

to open the gate, use both hands.

[japanese-sentences]

わたしは学生です。

I am a student.

わたし is the かな of 私, which refers to oneself (English equivalent: I, me)

は is a special keyword, called 'Topic marking particle'. As the name implies, it gives the reader a hint what the sentence is about (What the topic of the sentence is). In this case the sentence is about 'me', so わたし is marked with the topic marking particle.

学生 means 'student' and it is pronounced がくせい. See below for the Kanji breakdown.

です declares a 'state-of-being', that means it says that something is 'like this' or 'like that'. Here, it shows that I am a student. If someone is talking colloquially, it may be dropped, since the sentence still makes sense.

Kanji breakdown:

学生　（がくせい）　student

学（がく）（３２４）　study; learning; science 

生（せい）（１５５５）　life; birth

Studying is a student's life.