Journal of Clinical & Community Medicine

[journalofclinical]

Comparative Study of Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ElISA) and Rapid Test Screening Methods on HIV, HBsAg, HCV and Syphilis among Voluntary Donors in Owerri, Nigeria

A comparative study of Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and rapid test screening method on HIV, HBV, HCV and syphilis among voluntary donors was investigated on 350 subjects in Owerri. They were 250 males and 100 females, all ranging from the age of 21-50 years. Transfusion transmissible infections (TTIS) are the major problem associated with blood transfusion. Accurate estimates of risk of TIIS are essential for monitoring the safety of blood supply and evaluating the efficacy of currently employed screening procedures for immunodeficiency virus (HIV 1 and 2) hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HVC) and syphilis using both enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and rapid test screening method.

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[journalofclinical]

Seroprevalence of Treponema pallidum, HIV- Co-Infection, Cognitive Effects and Risk–Variables for Infection in a Tertiary Psychiatric Hospital in Nawfia, Nigeria

In the last decade, an increase in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection, the latest global threat paved way for the increase in new emerging and re-emerging sexually transmitted diseases (STD`s) especially in Africa where health care policies are non-existent or not workable. Syphilis is a sexually transmitted disease caused by a spirochete Treponema pallidum. STD`s like syphilis remains an emerging threatening disease which can go unnoticed because of the asymptomatic nature of its tertiary stage. Several occupational groups, lifestyle factors, and age are at risk of being infected and can even be transferred congenitally which poses a threat to the unborn child. Read more about this article: https://lupinepublishers.com/clinical-community-medicine/fulltext/seroprevalence-of-treponema-pallidum-hiv-co-infection-cognitive-effects-and-risk-variables.ID.000136.php Read more Lupine Publishers Google Scholar articles: https://scholar.google.com/citations?view_op=view_citation&hl=en&user=vfbCW-wAAAAJ&cstart=20&pagesize=80&citation_for_view=vfbCW-wAAAAJ:Ri6SYOTghG4C

[journalofclinical]

Can Some Traditional Medicines be Effective as Protectors of SARS-COV-2 Infection?

Coronaviruses comprise a large family of viruses, including the latest menace caused by “severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (or SARS-CoV-2 or Novel Corona Virus -19)” that had its origin in China in late 2019. The disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 is commonly known as COVID 19 disease showing acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) or severe pneumonia in a few patients more often culminating in death. The most common symptoms of COVID-19 include dry cough, fever, respiratory distress including shortness of breath, and occasionally sudden loss of taste and smell. It has been playing havoc with human lives all over the world since the beginning of this year, and the human toll has so far been the highest in one of the most advanced countries like USA and also in some other advanced European countries, besides some other third world developing countries. Read more about this article: https://lupinepublishers.com/clinical-community-medicine/fulltext/can-some-traditional-medicines-be-effective-as-protectors-of-sars-cov-2-infection.ID.000135.php Read more Lupine Publishers Google Scholar articles: https://scholar.google.com/citations?view_op=view_citation&hl=en&user=vfbCW-wAAAAJ&cstart=20&pagesize=80&citation_for_view=vfbCW-wAAAAJ:YohjEiUPhakC

[journalofclinical]

Hemoglobin Disorders and Scenario of Reproductive Medicine in Central India: Need for Family Planning, Antenatal-Pediatric Health Care and Amelioration

Hemoglobin disorders are autosomal recessively inherited, genetically transmitted monogenic blood defects, world-wide highly prevalent in tropical regions, and causing the major public health challenges in central India. In view of credit for the 2nd highest infant mortality rate (IMR) in Madhya Pradesh (70 per thousand live-births in the year 2010), it seems, therefore, carrier couples of the hemoglobinopathies might be one of the contributing factors for the high IMR in central India.

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[journalofclinical]

Reference Intervals (RIs), Normal Values, Health Status and Clinical Decision Limits (CDLs), the Theory and the Practice

There was a clear distinction between healthy reference values measured in healthy populations or individuals and patient reference values measured in patients having various diseases. It is now commonly accepted that reference values describe fluctuations observed in healthy populations or individuals, which makes the definition of health or characterization of health status a critical step.

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[journalofclinical]

In the Era of COVID-19

In the days of pandemic episodes people life is greatly disturbed from all its aspects. Health issues might represent the main to be considered, however economic affairs are not of less consideration and COVID-19 drastic financial catastrophic impact is a clear outstanding example. It is also important to recognize other aspects related to the pandemic drawbacks as the social and mental problems which might start a bit later but continue for longer period and are of greater economic and catastrophic impact. It is said that pandemic is always followed by wide-wars and this is not a far unexpected possibility from our recent pandemic.

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[journalofclinical]

Effeteness and Correctness of UDI Direct Marking on Steel Instruments During Surgical Trays Assembling

The purpose of this project was to improve the efficiency and accuracy of surgical instrument packaging. The traditional surgical tray assembly involves the technicians visually inspecting the appearance of each instrument. An experienced technician can recognize most types instruments in this way, however junior technicians may need help to accomplish this.

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[journalofclinical]

Post-Covid-19 Era: A New Medical World Order

The whole world is facing the unknown and the unexpected as COVID-19 has been changing how we live our lives and how (or whether) we go to work. And this is just the tip of the iceberg. No one could have ever imagined we would be confronting such an unusual situation as we are now. Definitions such as lockdown, quarantine, social isolation, that had only been seen in movies and games, are now part of our daily lives and widely discussed among recently born internet graduated “experts”. The enormous amount of information spread in all kinds of media makes it hard, even for professionals, to distinguish myth from truth. Even renowned sources have spread misleading information, for which apologies have been made.

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[journalofclinical]

COVID -19 Pandemic and The Management Strategy for Business and Economy

Related actual COVID -19 pandemic it is possible to verify that not all countries in the world choose the same strategy to reduce health and economic severe consequences. Following the more effectives strategy make possible a rapid and useful come back to the situation pre-pandemia. Some management instrument makes possible to avoid worse situations. In this work some instruments are analyzed to produce a global conclusion related the topics related.

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[journalofclinical]

Functional to 12 Months of Surgery of Coverage and Results Acetabular Reorientation Displasia Development in the Hip

Introduction: DDH progressive disorder of the acetabulum, joint capsule and proximal femur with muscles and ligaments, altered. Treatment depends on age and stage of diagnosis, acetabular osteotomy maintained after 18 months as articular cartilage contact surface between the acetabulum and the femoral head. Objective: To determine functional outcomes to 12 months of surgery coverage and acetabular reorientation in developmental dysplasia of the hip. Methods: Included patients with type Pelvic osteotomy Pemberton and Pelvic osteotomy type Salter, follow up of 12 months, variables were age, sex, acetabular congruency, CE Wiberg angle, acetabular index, functional scale of Harris and Severin, Tönnis Rating Scale satisfaction postoperative SF-36, running, cross-type cross-over study, observational, descriptive, cross sectional, analytical, review of medical records, clinical examinations, preoperative and postoperative radiographs

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[journalofclinical]

Characterization of Libyan Cobra (Naja haje) Venom using Fluorescence and UV-Visible Spectroscopy

Snake venoms act as a preparative to defend animals against predators and helps in immobilizing and digestion of prey. Venoms consist of a combination of enzymes and toxins, such as metalloproteases, phospholipase A2, L-amino acid oxidase and toxins, including cytotoxins and neurotoxins. In addition to their toxicity, venom components exhibit several pharmacological activities and can be used as templates for drug design. The Libyan cobra venom was studied using UV-visible and fluorescence spectroscopic techniques. The cobra protein main chain absorbs light in the region of 240-340nm. The aromatic sidechains of cobra venom contain tyrosine, tryptophan and phenylalanine which are responsible for the absorbance in this region. Cobra venom provides intrinsic fluorescence emissions due to excitation of tryptophan residues, with some contribution from phenylalanine and tyrosine emissions. In addition, di sulphide bridges contribute considerable absorption in this wavelength range. The main fluorescence obtained is due to tryptophan which has a wavelength of maximum absorption at 280 nm and an emission peak ranging from 310 to 350 nm. UV-visible absorption and fluorescence spectroscopic techniques are sensitive and rapid to study cobra venom in order to better comprehend the performance of this venom.

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[journalofclinical]

Sociodemographic Profile of Pregnant Women with Syphilis in Dourados - Ms, Reported to The Information Against Notification System (SINAN)

Syphilis is a disease that has Treponema pallidum as its etiologic agent, has been known for at least 500 years. Congenital syphilis is the result of the hematogenous spread of Treponema pallidum, from an untreated or improperly treated infected pregnant woman, via the transplacental route. This is a descriptive and retrospective study that analyzes an online database, the Ministry of Health’s Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN) in which, among other problems, the cases of pregnant women with syphilis that occur are recorded. in the country. All cases of gestational syphilis in residents of the city of Dourados- Mato Grosso do Sul, registered with SINAN in the years 2009 to 2013 were included.

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[journalofclinical]

Coronavirus Outbreak in Neighboring Countries Alerted Pakistan for Medical Preparedness and Public Health Education

Coronavirus was first time isolated from a human being in 1965. The symptoms may include fever, cough, headache, sore throat, shortness of breath, rapid heartbeat, pneumonia and kidney failure. There is currently no preventive vaccine and treatment options are only supportive. The risk factors related to the spread of 2019CoV in Pakistan include the visiting population of infected countries. Movement of people through air travel and road transportation already bring infection in Pakistan. Ministry of National Health Services Regulations and Coordination, Pakistan is taking immediate measures at the national and provincial level like training of health care professionals, adequate supplies of equipment, establishment of isolation units and health information desks at the entry ports in collaboration with World Health organization.

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[journalofclinical]

Diagnostic Screening of Colon Cancer by Absolute Digital PCR Quantification of microRNAs in Human Stool

No validated micro(mi)RNA diagnostic test currently exist for the diagnostic screening of colon cancer (CC). MiRNAs are good candidates for markers for cancer diagnosis, prognosis or response to therapy. Profiles of miRNA expression differ between normal tissues and tumor types, and evidence suggests that miRNA expression profiles cluster similar tumor types together more accurately than expression profiles of protein-coding mRNA genes. A small number of miRNAs can differentiate cancer from normal, and miRNAs in stool remain mostly intact for detection We first carried a microarray study on immunocaptured stool colonocytes on 15 subjects and selected a panel of 14 preferentially expressed mature miRNAs associated with colon cancer (12 Up-Regulated, miR-19a, miR-20a, miR-21, miR-31, miR-34a, miR-96, miR-106a, miR-133a, miR-135b, miR-206, miR-224 and miR-302; and 2 Down-Regulated, miR-143 and miR-145).

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[journalofclinical]

Vertebral Osteomyelitis Masquerading as Pulmonary Embolism

Clinical entities known to mimic the presentation of pulmonary embolism (PE) include pneumonia, asthma, bronchitis, chronic obstructive airway disease (COPD) flare, congestive heart failure, acute myocardial infarction, primary pulmonary artery sarcoma, and nephrolithiasis. Only two cases of vertebral osteomyelitis mimicking PE are found in the literature. We report a rare case of lumbar vertebral osteomyelitis presenting with pleuritic chest pain and shortness of breath, and therefore causing delayed diagnosis.

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[journalofclinical]

The Efficacy of Cognitive Therapy (CT) on Beliefs in Obsessive Compulsive Disorder

Objective: Dysfunctional attitudes are factors leading to many of psychiatric diseases such as obsession. In this regard, this study was conducted to examine the efficacy of Cognitive Therapy (CT) on beliefs in Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD).Method: Experimental method with two control and experimental groups applied in this study. Statistical population of this study consisted of 120 patients with OCD referring to a specialized clinic for OCD treatment in Tehran; of that, 40 patients who had required criteria were selected through random method and assigned to two 20-member groups including experimental group (cognitive restructuring) and control group. Pretesting two groups, first group participated in 10 sessions for cognitive restructuring while control group were in waiting list. Weissman and Beck’s Dysfunctional Attitude Scale was used as tool in this research and obtained findings were analyzed using descriptive statistics and ANCOVA through SPSS-18 Software.

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[journalofclinical]

Content Analysis of Writings by Psychologists who have Committed Suicide

The purpose of the study was to identify emotion problems of psychologists who committed suicide through the material they have written. Convenient purposive sampling was used to identify and select the sample. Books that were freely available was preferred. Books written by Silberer [1] and Gardner [2] were chosen as sample, both of them belonged to different time frame and school of thoughts. Key word analysis along with interpretive content analysis was used to identify emotional problems expressed by these authors in the written content. Subjective knowledge was coded as neutral, only opinion-based line were coded. Key word analysis showed more prevalence of positive words and mild feeling words in the content. Interpretive content analysis showed the presence of psychological issues like depression, anxiety, anger, frustration, guilt, grief, uncertainty, high self-esteem, and stress. Common patterns emerged were extreme point of view in generic conduct of society or in overall opinion, distrust on peer’s opinion, self-contradiction and internal conflicts. Content analysis also linked their own way of committing suicide to the content written in their writings. Implication of the study is to highlight the importance of addressing mental health issues among psychologists.

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