Aggregated wishes of all: decentralized co-ops coordinating on the scale of a continent
First, something funny. This part, superstitious peasants throwing stones at tractors, made me chuckle:
Source: This Soviet World (1936) by Anna Louise Strong
The monumental changes reminded me of these photos from China:
Some more specifics about national subsidies and debt relief:
In 1935, a congress of farmers adopted the following rules for collective farms, ratified by the soviet government:
This formally protected private quarters of farming families joining these farming co-ops.
And they were, essentially, private co-ops: in exchange for subsidized fertilizer and machinery which greatly increases productivity, the farm sells about 25% of its harvest to a national fund at a low price. The rest of the harvest they may divide and sell individually, or together as a collective. They may use the profits as they see fit.
A farm will have regular meetings and vote on business plans. Here's an example: a farm might plan to expand fields for more profits, improve living standards, erect new buildings, and so on:
Everyone can chip in and participate in fulfilling the common wishes. Every effort will be paid, too. Therefore, no unemployment.
Business plans of these farms get aggregated over regions and whole republics and get turned into "The Plan."
The plan is thus not imposed arbitrarily by an evil ruler but represents the coordinated wishes of all people, so that they may know and account for what others plan to do.