the epitaph is a ceremony to revive the witch, beatrice. the 1st time it was solved for kinzo, it "revived" beatrice as a victim of the ushiromiyas's sins. the 2nd time yasu wanted it solved for herself, she engineered a scenario for beatrice to be revived as the ultimate culprit
to be a witch is to be inhuman. both of these "revived" beatrices show that - the inhumanity of not being free to make your own choices, and the inhumanity of being unable to be understood.
first, we have to talk about the crucial "reveal." there's a fascination in umineko, and the overall mystery genre, with the culprit reveal. the culprit is cornered and confronted with the evidence. with their plans crumbling, they take a final stand, to confess to their sins
they may have made mistakes, or left clues, but they're only human. it's still true that they committed the crimes, and after the whodunnit and howdunnit is revealed by the detective, it's up to the culprit themselves to provide the whydunnit, in their own words.
in umineko, this type of culprit reveal never happens. instead, there are many dramatic confrontations, where people are cornered by "evidence", or the truth, but they are helpless to fight back, or take charge of the narrative.
such as: natsuhi at the end of ep5, who feels forced to confess to her sins 18 years ago against her own will. or battler at the asumu reveal in ep4, or the logic error in ep6, who simply shuts down because he can't think of a way against the "truth."
even the maid at the beginning of ep7 who will saves, insisting that she couldn't have committed the murder because she was unwilling to reveal her secret relationship.
but these aren't culprit reveals!
no, they're victim reveals
as victims, they're still the center of attention and viewed with a similar mix of emotions - pity, maybe fear, maybe even disgust - as they would have been as culprits.
but being revealed as a victim isn't a mystery. there's no agency in the narrative. even beyond the confrontation, the most traumatizing part of the whole affair, is the helplessness.
for the previously mentioned "victim reveals", they are only saved by others (natsuhi by battler, battler by ange in ep4 or kanon in ep6, the maid by will)
the lack of control, the inability to stand up for yourself...it's dehumanizing
let's go back to yasu and nov 29, 1984 - she was proud of herself for solving the puzzle and finding the gold, and it turns out she's a pawn in everyone's game. "fate" was cruel to the person who wanted to feel like she was empowered...
before the epitaph was solved, the rumor about beatrice was that she was the witch in the forest, who would punish those who didn't believe in her, the true ruler of rokkenjima. the other rumor was that she was kinzo's mistress, the true love of his life.
when yasu solved the epitaph, the truth of beatrice - her grandmother, mother, and herself - was revealed. it wasn't just that beatrice was a mistress. no, she was also kinzo's victim, and she had been wronged.
kinzo begs for forgiveness, even if yasu ("beatrice") had been so wronged that her forgiveness won't save him from hell. that is simply how much beatrice was victimized by kinzo.
yasu was viewed with pity, yes. but she was also viewed with reverence, but not even toward her, and how she worked hard to solve the epitaph. no, it was reverence for the miracle of fate that brought her to this exact place at this exact time, to meet kinzo before he died.
yasu had all this evidence presented to her, and was helpless to say otherwise. all she could do was hear them out, and feel like her life was falling apart. but yasu wasn't the important one here. no, this was about bringing salvation to kinzo. she was simply the symbol of it.
the november 29th, 1984 confrontation - dramatic, traumatizing, fateful - simply revealed yasu, and her mother, and her grandmother's - the "beatrices" - fate as the ushiromiyas' victim. yasu was "revived" as beatrice because she was burdened with knowledge of their trauma
this knowledge was only shared with her for kinzo's sake. her life was not her own. everything that happened to her - fate itself conspired to bring kinzo - the culprit - and his life full circle, by reuniting him with his victim before he died
to be human to be have agency in your own narrative, and have possibilities open to you. even if it's difficult, you still have the chance to try to change your own fate.
being controlled and limited, only meant to support others, never meant to be your own person - is to be a victim. it's to be furniture.
moving onto oct 4th & 5th, 1986 - so, the second time the epitaph is solved, yasu plots a scenario that would revive beatrice, not as a victim, but as the witch - the ruler of rokkenjima who controls the fate of everyone else on the island.
in yasu's gameboards (ep1/2), the epitaph isn't solved. beatrice is resurrected, but as the ultimate culprit. the people on the island decry their cruel fate, and ask why it has to be them, and beg for forgiveness.
throughout oct 5th, beatrice murders people, seemingly at random. but even then, at the tenth twilight, at midnight, everyone dies as beatrice is resurrected.
she's a witch toying with everyone's lives. no one could possibly begin to piece a motive, or relate to her, or understand her. it's the ultimate inhumanity.
the only way to disprove the witch, where the witch will lower herself to being defeated by a human, is to play her game. so she will grant you a modicum of agency. yasu thought she had control over solving the epitaph, but it was her succumbing to her fate.
on the other hand, if you, as her victim, seize the sliver of control that the witch will grant you, and solve the epitaph and change your fate...that's a miracle.
yasu recreates beatrice's resurrection as a witch with the epitaph...but in her prayed-for miracle, the world where someone solves the epitaph before midnight, she also recreates the "real beatrice's resurrection" with kinzo, with a final confrontation with her.
back then, yasu was "cornered" and the status of her own victimhood was revealed to her. but this time, yasu is cornered as a true culprit, and will be able to own up to her own culpability, and how she tried to control her narrative.
if she's discovered as the culprit, yasu "loses", but that's an outcome she decided on. she could have just blown everyone up, but by choosing to make this a game, she also chose an outcome where, if other people exerted the slice of control she granted them, she could be revealed.
it's yasu exerting her own control as a culprit that she didn't have as a victim
in the miracle of miracles, by yasu recreating the most traumatizing day of her life, the day she became beatrice, in this final confrontation as the culprit...
instead of being seen as a "homicidal maniac who kills for fun", if she had left enough clues to her motive so that she doesn't have to explain it all herself, as the culprit...
she can be seen as someone who felt so strongly she resorted to murder, as someone with a heart
as someone who tried to make her own choices,
and as someone who might be able to be understood