Juan O'Gorman, Mural de la Biblioteca Central de la Ciudad Universitaria, 1960, México.
“Juan O’Gorman, (born July 6, 1905, Coyoacán, Mex.—found dead Jan. 18, 1982, Mexico City), was a Mexican architect and muralist, known for his mosaic designs that adorned the facades of buildings.
O’Gorman worked as chief draftsman for Carlos Santacilia and other architects in Mexico City until 1932. He founded a study group for workers’ housing and was responsible for the Functionalist design and construction of about 30 schools.
In the mid-1930s O’Gorman began to focus on painting, typically creating historical and nationalistic narratives in both easel paintings and murals. His major works in Mexico City included murals at the Mexico City airport (1937–38), which were removed in 1939 because of their anticlerical and antifascist character.
O’Gorman returned to architecture in the 1950s, adopting a more organic approach. The most elaborate example of his work is the exterior of the Library of the National Autonomous University of Mexico, which he planned and built in the early 1950s.
O’Gorman’s own house outside Mexico City was considered his most extraordinary work. It was in part a natural cave and was designed to harmonize with the lava formations of the landscape. Decorated with mosaic symbols and images from Aztec mythology, it marked his eventual rejection of Functionalism in favour of an approach that united modern structural designs with indigenous Mexican decorative motifs…”
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