Different types of speaker
Speakers have been around for quite some time and originally they have featured a single driver and hence a single driver type. Over time, many changes have been made to make loudspeakers wide, tall, loud, bassy and so forth. However, when the audio quality has become a mission for sound engineers, they have realized that sound separation is a must. To achieve that, different speakers (aka. electroacoustic transducers) need to focus on producing different sounds. In other words, to improve sound quality, each speaker must only produce sounds within the limited frequency range.
This allows the driver to specialize within the frequency band so that it does not need to reproduce too many sounds at the same time causing sound distortion.
As a result, the most common setup to deliver the balanced sound is to have three separate speakers where one is responsible for high-frequency sound delivery and the other two for mid-range and bass respectively.
To achieve an overall balanced sound, the three speakers are usually placed in a single enclosure often referred to as a loudspeaker system. With all types of speakers built-in, the loudspeaker is usually designed to cover the full spectrum of human hearing that ranges from 20 to 20,000 Hz.
The traditional speaker unit as we all know it's been around since the dawn of electronic audio. Having same that, it's custom-made and evolved considerably over the years, and may currently be found during a vary of shapes, sizes, and variations to suit a good form of décors and applications.
TWEETER
A tweeter is the smallest type of loudspeaker that is also known as the treble speaker. The speaker is designed to reproduce the upper limit of the audible frequency range. It varies between tweeters, but typically the sound frequency it delivers ranges from 2,000 Hz to 20,000 Hz.
There are special types of tweeters that can generate sounds up to 100,000 Hz, yet those sound waves remain outside of the human hearing capacity.
The term ‘tweeter’ comes from the word ‘tweet’ which represent high pitch sounds .
To produce high-frequency sounds, the diaphragm has to vibrate faster, which makes the smaller speaker size essential. In fact, to produce higher frequency sounds, the speaker diaphragm must move faster making the size of the diaphragm a critical factor. Larger drivers are not able to move at a fast and as a result – not able to generate quality high frequency sounds.
Modern tweeter diaphragms are made of silk, polyester film or fabric, aluminium and other special alloys or even titanium. The diaphragm is attached to the surround’s (aka suspension) wide end which represents a metal rim that supports cone movement. It is connected to the basket using a flexible metal ring that allows coil movement and keeps it securely in place.
Most of the time the treble speakers sit within the main enclosure together with the other speakers, however there are setups where tweeters are designed to sit in their own semi-independent unit.
Loudspeakers
If you were asked to image a speaker, a speaker unit is perhaps what you'd imagine; they have been around for many years and area unit still thought of the quality once it involves audio replica as they're versatile with placement and application. In their ancient type, loudspeakers area unit most ordinarily found in pairs as floor standing or shelf vogue speakers, however, surround sound speakers are simply a small variation on the classic speaker unit.
Subwoofers
A subwoofer may be a speaker unit that's dedicated to reproducing the low-frequency band of your audio – like the rumbling bass sounds in your movies and therefore the guitar from your music. General loudspeakers don’t cater to those low frequencies, thus a fanatical subwoofer is required if you wish to try to to justice to the total audio spectrum.
Soundbars
If all you’re once may be a a lot of dynamic sound from your TV while not having to put speakers around your space or plant them in your walls, then a soundbar is also Associate in Nursing adequate possibility for you.
Soundbars have a sleek style to enhance most flat-panel liquid crystal display, LED, and plasma TVs, and frequently give a far higher sound than the set’s in-built speakers. they will conjointly imitate the expertise achieved by five.1 and 7.1 surround systems, as a soundbar contains many speakers within the one housing that area unit positioned to bounce pontificate the walls and send audio around your space.
Outdoor speakers
If you wish to fancy music within the garden or by the pool, some purpose-designed speakers will resist the intense variations in temperature and wetness intimate with outdoors and may even stand up to some exposure to water. out of doors speakers are available in strong cases, commonly with metal grilles to shield speaker cones from environmental attack, and use polypropene materials in their speaker cones, instead of humidity-sensitive paper pulp.
Channel Speakers
Channel speakers also known as Center channel refers to an audio channel common to many surround sound formats. It is the channel that is mostly, or fully, dedicated to the reproduction of the dialogue of an audiovisual program. The speaker(s) connected to the center channel are placed in the center of and behind the perforated projection screen, to give the effect that sounds from the center channel are coming from the screen. In many home surround sound units, the center channel is positioned above or below the video screen.
In the post-production process of filmmaking and video production sound editing, dialogue can be mapped to other speakers when story action and direction require it, such as when the person talking is off-screen, but it is rare that there is vocal content that is completely absent from the center channel.
In material without accompanying visuals (e.g. music), the center channel simply reproduces sound intended to come from immediately in front of the listener, which usually includes the lead vocals, which are rarely panned hard left or right.