Occupation: Director of Refugee Services at Interfaith Ministries for Greater Houston
THE VETTING AND RESETTLEMENT PROCESS
I think most people don't fully understand the resettlement process. The United States Refugee Assistance Program (USRAP) is in charge of resettling these refugees from different parts of the world. So who is a refugee? A refugee is someone who fled his or her country because of war or persecution due race, religion, nationality, or affiliation to a social or political group.
The process begins when these people leave their country of origin to a country of first asylum. At that moment they become refugees. So to become a refugee you need to flee the borders of your original country.
The first step in establishing your status as a refugee is to register with the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR). This is the highest U.N. body mandated to work with refugees. At that time there are three solutions for these refugees: 1) Voluntary repatriation. This means you go back to your home country. 2) Integration in the local community, which is the country of first asylum. With the Syrian refugee crisis, when we look at these countries, we’re talking about Pakistan, Iran, Turkey, Egypt, Lebanon, Jordan. These countries are simply saturated with refugees. In Lebanon, one in every four person is a refugees. Because of this, there is a third solution. 3) Resettlement in a third country like the U.S.
Right now, because of what is happening in Syria, we are seeing the largest refugees crisis since World War II.
So once you register with the UNHCR, they refer your case to the USRAP. There, you will go through a lengthy process of 18 to 24 months of intake, interviews, background checks with multiple federal security agencies, and a final in-person interview with a trained U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Officer with the Department of Homeland Security. And at that time, if you are eligible as a refugee, and admissible, and they conclude you don’t pose any threat to the public, you will be granted refugee status and can come to the U.S. Before that, you still have to go through a medical screening and a social orientation.
There are eight federal security agencies involved in the screening of refugees, and six separate background checks. It’s a very lengthy vetting process. Refugees are the most screened, checked, and vetted individuals who come to the United States. More than any other travelers who come here.
So once the refugees have been granted entrance into the United States, the resettlement agencies get their information and we begin our services. We find an apartment, provide basic furniture and house ware, go to the airport and pick up the refugee family with someone who speaks the language. We take them to the apartment and give them an orientation. We process all of their paperwork, register the children in school, give them employment preparation classes, and find them jobs. The goal is that these refugees are self-sufficient within six months from the date of arrival. At Interfaith Ministries, our self-sufficiency rate is more than 90%.
The refugees that come here are very lucky. Every year there are between 120,000 to 140,000 people that are referred by the UNHCR for resettlement in a third country. Last year there were 30 countries participating in this resettlement process. The U.S. historically takes a majority of these refugees. But still, the people who are able to resettle in a third country are very lucky. They make up less than 1% of the total population of refugees worldwide that are in need of resettlement. At any given time, there are roughly 20 million refugees worldwide.
EDITOR’S NOTE: Interfaith Ministries for Greater Houston brings people of diverse faith traditions together for dialogue, collaboration, and service, as a demonstration of our shared beliefs. Their Refugee Services department acts as one of the five resettlement agencies in the city. For more information visit https://www.imgh.org/.
Part of our series covering refugees and the people and organizations that service them. For this series, we will be covering stories from people over and under the age of 50.