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@scienceofeds
Oh yah and I guess Tumblr changed its rules (well, okay, I knew that from Twitter b/c that’s one social media platform I actually like) and “flagged” one of Egon Schiele posts. Cos obviously paintings of nude women are offensive. Duh.
I “appealed” the decision. WE SHALL SEE WHAT HAPPENS!
I hope everyone is well. I miss you folks sometimes. I don’t know why this Tumblr is getting new followers; it is dead, and I am not planning to revive it. I don’t have the time, energy, or interest.
In personal news (for those who’ve been following this Tumblr when I was actually posting shit): I have been b/p free for 2.5 years, which is pretty dope! (restriction free for much much longer than that). It’s been good!
I still get PubMed alerts to the latest research in eating disorders. By and large, it is still the same bullshit.
That the main blog (not this Tumblr) still gets like 1k views/day speaks to the dearth of good ED content online. It is a downer to think about.
Anyway, be well!
there’s so little good writing on eating disorders or food & body matters on the internet; even some of the haes professionals that i like produce pretty sanitized, basic online content, and are politically to the right of where i think the discourse should be. i need some antipsychiatry! i miss @scienceofeds! and we all know and love @bigfatscience but she’s an actual busy university professor not a sick full time tumblr dweller like myself. it’s lonely, ideologically speaking!
Ya, it is often to the right because basic-ass sanitized content nowadays is just neoliberal garbage.
We need more democratic socialists writing about eating disorders.
Yes, I logged in to this inactive Tumblr just to say this.
Man saves House Finch frozen to rail.
That poor bird had to be terrified
It tweeted thank you
Sometimes I love humans
I love this video. This is the correct way to help this bird. It’s properly restrained and the guy is patient about freeing the bird instead of yanking. Breath was a perfect solution - warming up something to put on the ice could have hurt the bird.
Anorexia and Self-harm Survey
I would really appreciate it if you could take some time to fill out this survey which looks at self harm and anorexia.
the survey is to collect information about your experiences so that the data can eventually go towards shaping mental health services. it doesn’t matter how far you are into your recovery, if you are not attempting recovery or if you have recovered etc. all experience is valuable.
it is completely anonymous. it would mean a great deal to me personally if you could participate and help, but of course, it may be difficult/ not applicable in which case - please reblog. thank you in advance!
Anorexia and Self-harm Survey
I would really appreciate it if you could take some time to fill out this survey which looks at self harm and anorexia.
the survey is to collect information about your experiences so that the data can eventually go towards shaping mental health services. it doesn’t matter how far you are into your recovery, if you are not attempting recovery or if you have recovered etc. all experience is valuable.
it is completely anonymous. it would mean a great deal to me personally if you could participate and help, but of course, it may be difficult/ not applicable in which case - please reblog. thank you in advance!
Please excuse me while I nerd out all over your computer screen. I recently turned a corner on my appreciation of the value of quantitative social science, having taken a structural equation modell…
New post by Andrea
Public Health Nutr. 2012 Dec;15(12):2295-309. doi: 10.1017/S1368980012000705. Epub 2012 Mar 28. Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Review
In the present paper we discuss and review the main reasons for an integrated approach to the spectrum of eating- and weight-related problems, which include anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, anorexic and bulimic behaviours, unhealthy dieting practices, body dissatisfaction, binge-eating disorder, overweight and obesity.
??? I just don’t understand.
In a survey of over a 1000 GPs in the UK, Currin (2006) has shown that half report seeing no new cases per year, while others see a mean of two. This discrepancy has to be seen in the context of the fact that both numbers are probably well below what one would expect from population incidence figures. Furthermore, simply having the symptoms of an ED is not enough. In a vignette study completed by 154 GPs, Currin et al. (2007) have shown they gave a diagnosis of an ED to under 70% of cases with clear ED presentation. Even low body mass index (BMI) did not seem to trigger a clear clinical decision for about half of GPs – and the resulting ‘wait and see’ approach did not yield much clarity.
This is what I think about when people try to tell me we need science to better identify (or prevent, which I can’t say I believe is really possible) eating disorders.
It should therefore be of little surprise that while the Human Genome Project unravels our genetic map and Hubble photographs the dawn of our universe scientific advances are being met by increasing public anxiety. The controversy caused by behavioral scientists’ inexpert appreciation of heritability estimates is therefore most serious. Future diligence throughout the field is imperative.
DOI: 10.1038/npg.els.0005233
I thought this quote was amusing.
MYTH: "You can’t change highly heritable traits."
This is one that even trips up scientists, says Lilienfeld. The problem comes from the fact that heritability tells us how much genes contribute to a particular trait in a given population, while many people mistakenly believe that heritability estimates how much genes contribute to a trait in a particular person.
In fact, it’s possible, in principle, to change heritability estimates by simply varying the population or the environment you’re measuring.
Consider the example of IQ: If we lived in a perfectly equitable society in which everyone had equal access to education and other environmental opportunities, a twin study of intelligence would find that IQ is nearly 100 percent heritable. That’s because people’s environments would be unvarying, so only genetic differences could account for variations in intelligence.
Similarly, if we lived in an inequitable society where people were closely related, the study would find IQ to be almost 0 percent heritable.
“We could actually use heritability estimates as a measure of how effective a social policy is,” Lilienfeld and his colleagues say.
http://www.apa.org/monitor/2010/06/myth-busting.aspx
The myth that never seems to die. No, eating disorders are not 60-80% genetic.
The more appropriate way to look at it is that differences in genes explain anywhere between 20-80% (depending on the study population) of why some individuals develop eating disorders and others don’t. 20-80% is a big difference. Moreover, this never tells us nothing about individuals (it is a population measure), the number of genes involved, and the ways in which changing the environment might affect heritability.
I’m seeing a lot of people conflate muscle and fitness with health. I somehow got onto the fitness world on Twitter and as far as I can tell, fitness and health seem to be defined by having a flat stomach, a big butt, wearing yoga pants (or a thong) and a sports bra (or a push-up bra), and making a sexy pose (in the gym or in the bathroom) while taking a selfie. Fitness/muscle mass =/ overall health. They are different things.
You can look and be fit and be unhealthy AF. I looked pretty healthy and was fairly muscular when I was bulimic AF.
I have no issues with working out, and wanting/gaining muscle, and wanting a big butt, and posting sexy photos, and feeling good about your body and whatever. Go for it. It is cool. I’m not into judging others on this stuff. Do whatever works. I just don’t think it necessarily means health and I don’t think we should conflate it with health.
metacommunicative trolling, academia style
Too good to not reblog.
What do you know about eating disorders and the 5ht2c gene? And what info can you find on the efficacy of asenapine and binge eating or bulimia? It's a new antipsychotic, or sort of new.
In terms of serotonergic genes, most of the focus has been on the 5HTTLPR transporter gene and the 5-HT2A receptor genes, for both AN and BN. The findings are generally mixed. You’ll find a few studies in support of an association of one allele and then a roughly equal amount of studies that do not find a significant association.
According to Trace et al. (2013), “Additional 5-HT transporter genes, including 5-HT2C, 5-HT1B, 5-HT1D, and 5-HT3B, have shown significant associations with AN.” (They don’t mention it for BN).
There are the studies I found on 5-HT2C:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17055531
We detected significant evidence of association between the -995A/-759T/-697C/Cys23 haplotype of the 5HT2C gene and different anxious and depressive subscales of the SCL90-R instrument, that included Somatization (p = 0.029), Obsessive-Compulsiveness (p = 0.021), Depression (p = 0.032), Anxiety (p = 0.004), Hostility (p = 0.028), Phobic Anxiety (p = 0.029) and Paranoid Ideation (p = 0.008), in BN patients. We also observed a strong association between the 5HTTLPR polymorphism of the SLC6A4 gene and Anxiety in the same group of BN patients (p = 0.004).
Oddly, Trace et al. cited 3 papers by Ribases et al. but did not cite this one. I’d be very sceptical of these findings. They report associations, but the p values are not particularly convincing to me and I don’t know if they properly controlled for multiple testing (I didn’t bother downloading the paper). And it is only 82 patients...
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11232918
These guys looked at AN; 45 sister-pairs where one had AN and the other didn’t:
The sisters with anorexia nervosa differed from their healthy sisters in terms of personal vulnerability traits and exposure to high parental expectations and sexual abuse. Factors within the dieting risk domain did not differ. However, there was evidence of poor feeding in childhood. No difference in the distribution of genotypes or alleles of the DRD4, COMT, the 5HT2A and 5HT2C receptor genes was detected. These results are preliminary because our calculations indicate that there is insufficient power to detect the expected effect on risk with this sample size.
In other words, I wouldn’t hold my breath.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16343451
This might be interesting, but it is in rats:
These results are consistent with the hypothesis that medial PBN neurons mediate anorexia through 5HT2C receptors.
This seems interesting:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16433010 (and https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22249823)
Serotonin (5-HT)2C receptors play an important role in the modulation of monoaminergic transmission, mood, motor behaviour, appetite and endocrine secretion, and alterations in their functional status have been detected in anxiodepressive states. Further, 5-HT2C sites are involved in the actions of several classes of antidepressant. At the onset of treatment, indirect activation of 5-HT2C receptors participates in the anxiogenic effects of selective 5-HT reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) as well as their inhibition of sleep, sexual behaviour and appetite. Conversely, progressive down-regulation of 5-HT2C receptors parallels the gradual onset of clinical efficacy of SSRIs. Other antidepressants, such as nefazodone or mirtazapine, act as direct antagonists of 5-HT2C receptors. These observations underpin interest in 5-HT2C receptor blockade as a strategy for treating depressive and anxious states.
I am always hesitant to comment on psychiatric drugs because I just always think about the file drawer effect, particularly when it comes to drugs that companies want to market. I didn’t find anything on it for binge eating or bulimia on PubMed.
Heritability of anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa
I saw someone claim recently that anorexia nervosa is “more genetic” than bulimia nervosa. If we are to define how “genetic” something is by looking at heritability (which is an incorrect way to look at it but it is likely what the person meant), it is worthwhile to point out that according to a major review paper by Trace et al. (2013) in Annual Reviews of Clinical Psychology:
anorexia nervosa:
Heritability estimates for varyingly broad definitions of AN range from 28% to 74%, with the remaining variance largely attributed to unique environmental factors (Klump et al. 2001, Kortegaard et al. 2001).
bulimia nervosa:
Twin studies have yielded heritability estimates for BN ranging from 28% to 83% (Bulik et al. 2000).
Now, I should also say, when a value varies from 28% to 83%, I think we should be going hmmm.... seems like the way researchers conduct these studies *really* affects the results they find! (No surprises there anyway, as heritability values depend entirely on the population studied and all the various assumptions that go into the calculations)
Heritability of anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa
I saw someone claim recently that anorexia nervosa is “more genetic” than bulimia nervosa. If we are to define how “genetic” something is by looking at heritability (which is an incorrect way to look at it but it is likely what the person meant), it is worthwhile to point out that according to a major review paper by Trace et al. (2013) in Annual Reviews of Clinical Psychology:
anorexia nervosa:
Heritability estimates for varyingly broad definitions of AN range from 28% to 74%, with the remaining variance largely attributed to unique environmental factors (Klump et al. 2001, Kortegaard et al. 2001).
bulimia nervosa:
Twin studies have yielded heritability estimates for BN ranging from 28% to 83% (Bulik et al. 2000).
