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Disclaimer
This blog was created for Sophie DiFilippo (ENVS3000), University of Guelph.
The opinions expressed here represent my own and not those of the University of Guelph.
The University of Guelph is not responsible for the accuracy of any of the information supplied by this blog
𝔰𝔲𝔪𝔪𝔢𝔯 𝔰𝔦𝔪𝔭𝔩𝔦𝔠𝔦𝔱𝔶
Blog #10: My Approach to Nature Interpretation: Beliefs, Responsibilities, and Methods
Personal Ethics/Beliefs as a Developing Nature Interpreter
My beliefs as a nature interpreter have evolved significantly throughout this course. Initially, I viewed interpretation as sharing information, understanding the history of the environment, conveying facts about ecosystems, species, and conservation efforts. However, I have come to understand that it is much more than that. Nature interpretation is a powerful tool for fostering a deeper connection between people and the natural world. Through this realization, I have developed the ability to effectively and confidently communicate my interpretive experiences in the field, utilizing various forms of communication to engage audiences in meaningful ways.
Interpretation is not just about relaying facts but about provoking thought and emotional connections (Beck et al., 2021, Chapter 1). This perspective has reshaped how I approach my role as an interpreter. Instead of merely presenting information, I now aim to create experiences that resonate with people on a personal level. One of the most transformative realizations I have had is that interpretation is not limited to spoken or written words, it can take many creative forms. Art and music, for instance, can serve as powerful interpretive tools. Not everyone learns best through traditional means, and sometimes, visual art or music conveys a message far more profoundly than words alone.
A mural depicting a once-thriving ecosystem now impacted by climate change can visually communicate the urgency of conservation efforts. Similarly, a piece of music inspired by natural landscapes can stir a deep emotional response, making people more receptive to environmental messages. Being able to see exactly what the artist or musician was imagining is a powerful form of communication, one that transcends language barriers and resonates universally.
Responsibilities as a Nature Interpreter
As an interpreter, I hold the responsibility of cultivating a sense of care, gratitude, and appreciation for the environment. By fostering these values, I create opportunities for meaningful conversations about conservation and sustainability. Effective interpretation should inspire stewardship and action, helping individuals recognize their role in protecting natural and cultural heritage (Beck et al., 2021, Chapter 3). For instance, observing wildlife in their natural habitat, like this buffalo grazing in Yellowstone, reminds us of the delicate balance within ecosystems and our role in preserving them.
One of the biggest challenges in conservation efforts is the widespread feeling of powerlessness, people often believe that their individual actions do not make a significant difference. I see it as my responsibility to challenge this mindset. Many people think, “I’m just one person, what can I really do?” But through effective communication and engagement, I can help them recognize that small actions, when multiplied across communities, lead to significant change. For instance, when individuals learn about the impact of reducing single-use plastics or supporting sustainable businesses, they may be more inclined to make informed decisions that collectively contribute to environmental protection.
Another crucial aspect of my responsibility as an interpreter is ensuring that the knowledge I share is accessible and inclusive. Environmental advocacy should not be limited to those with a scientific background or those already passionate about nature. Instead, it should be made relevant to diverse audiences, meeting them where they are. This is particularly important when interpreting nature for communities that may not have had extensive exposure to environmental education.
Most Suitable Approaches for My Interpretive Style
The most effective interpretive approach for me is one that emphasizes emotional and experiential engagement. Beck, Cable, and Knudson (2018, Chapter 8) highlight the importance of thematic interpretation, where messages are structured around central, meaningful themes rather than isolated facts. By crafting narratives that evoke curiosity and emotional responses, I can create more impactful and memorable experiences for my audience.
For example, rather than simply explaining the ecological significance of wetlands, I might craft a story about a particular animal that depends on this habitat, a heron that returns to the same nesting site each year, only to find its home slowly disappearing due to human encroachment. This approach allows people to form an emotional connection with the subject matter, making them more likely to care about and remember the message.
I also find the participatory approach particularly effective, as it encourages audience involvement, allowing individuals to actively engage with and reflect on their own relationship with nature. This aligns with the textbook’s emphasis on making interpretation relevant and personally meaningful (Beck et al., 2021, Chapter 9). People are more likely to care about environmental advocacy when they see how it directly affects their lives. For instance, someone who has never been interested in conservation may become more engaged when they learn how pollution in their local water supply impacts their health and community.
Research indicates that effective interpretation plays a crucial role in inspiring environmental stewardship by fostering personal connections to nature (Powell et al., 2018). For instance, a study found that interpretive programs can significantly enhance visitor satisfaction and their intentions to revisit, suggesting a deeper engagement with the environment (Powell et al., 2018). Here is the link if you would like to read more!
The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of the interpretive program at National Parks. Data was collected from 802 visito
Additionally, I have come to appreciate the importance of adapting my interpretive methods based on the audience. Younger audiences, for example, may respond best to interactive and hands-on experiences, while older audiences may appreciate storytelling and historical context. Customizing the interpretive experience ensures that messages are more effectively received and retained.
Conclusion
My evolving beliefs and responsibilities as a nature interpreter have deepened my understanding of how to engage audiences in meaningful ways. By emphasizing care, gratitude, and sustainability, and by utilizing participatory and thematic approaches, I can effectively inspire others to appreciate and advocate for the environment. I have learned that interpretation is not merely about transferring knowledge but about creating experiences that foster emotional and intellectual connections.
As Beck, Cable, and Knudson (2018, Chapter 14) assert, the ultimate goal of interpretation is to create lasting connections that lead to action. This principle guides my developing ethical framework as an interpreter. Whether through storytelling, art, music, or interactive engagement, I strive to make environmental advocacy an accessible and compelling movement that inspires individuals to recognize their own power in shaping a more sustainable world.
As this is my final blog post for this course, I want to leave you with one last thought: here’s an infographic highlighting small, everyday actions you can take to help with conservation efforts. After all, even the smallest steps can lead to meaningful change.
How has a personal experience in nature shaped your perspective on conservation, and what role do you think interpretation plays in inspiring change?
References:
Beck, L., Cable, T. T., & Knudson, D. M. (2018). Interpreting cultural and natural heritage: For A Better World. SAGAMORE Publishing, Sagamore Venture.
Powell, R. B., Stern, M. J., Frensley, B. T., & Moore, D. (2018). Identifying and developing effective environmental education programs: A study of interpretation and visitor engagement in national parks. Journal of Environmental Management, 206, 877-888.
University of Bath. (2022, April 13). Climate change: Can one person really make a difference? University of Bath Climate Action Blog.
Hi Maina,
I loved reading your final blog post! It was full of creativity, emotion, and inclusion, and you established some strong links to the course material. I found myself thinking about how many of your observations related to my own experiences and what I had learned during the course. I truly liked how your piece emphasized both the practical and emotional aspects of interpreting nature.
Your insight that interpretation is about more than just presenting facts; it's also about evoking feelings and stimulating thinking was something I think worth noting. I think this because I also took this away from the course, and many other posts I read also noted this. It’s so cool to see how, even though all students in this class learn differently, we can all see they have the same main takeaway. I liked how you noted that music and art are only two examples of the various ways that interpretation may occur. I used to think about interpretation mostly in terms of writing or speaking, similar to how you thought. Your use of a mural to illustrate how climate change has affected a once-thriving environment truly made it clear to me how effective nonverbal communication can be. This kind of communication is especially important when taking into account everyone's unique learning styles.
I also related to your explanation of responsibility, particularly your point about assisting individuals in realizing that their actions count. You presented this in such an uplifting and straightforward manner. "I'm just one person, what can I do?" I have said this phrase many times, as I am sure many people have, so this really caught my attention. When it comes to significant environmental challenges, I’ve often heard phrases like “everyone uses plastic bottles” or “everyone uses plastic bags,” so why does it matter if I do? This is why I loved how you mentioned it is our responsibility to make little improvements at the community level. Your illustration of cutting back on single-use plastics and promoting eco-friendly companies was excellent for bringing this concept to life.
As we develop in our roles as interpreters, I believe we should all be more aware of the need for accessibility and inclusivity in interpretation. Additionally, your talk about how younger audiences respond better to hands-on experiences resonated with me, as I work with children and have seen this firsthand. It makes me wonder, is nature interpretation accessible enough for younger audiences? What can we do as interpreters to make it a more hands-on experience?
Also, your mention of Powell et al. (2018) and the impact of interpretive programs on visitor satisfaction added a solid layer of evidence to support your approach. It was great to see that you not only reflected on your own experiences but also tied them back to research. I’ll definitely be checking out the study you linked to learn more!
It was such a joy reading your post, and I love the depth and thought you put into it!
-Sophie
Blog Post 09: My Personal Growth as an Interpreter
Hi everyone, welcome back to my blog! I can not believe that this is my last post for the semester, but since it is, I better make it a good one! This post will be delving into my development in this course, my background that has led to my beliefs and approaches, and how the term nature interpretation has evolved for me.
My journey in this course started with very little idea of nature interpretation, or at least so I thought. As I have mentioned a few times throughout this blog, I am in my final semester of a Bachelor of Landscape Architecture. I originally chose this program because I was always drawn to how I could make the world a better place, both aesthetically and environmentally. I also have always been a huge advocate for sustainability and recognizing climate change. This led me to also completing an Environmental Citizenship Certificate. When selecting the courses I would take for my certificate, ENVS3000:Nature Interpretation came up. I remember reading the description for the ‘in person’ version of the course, and reading about planning and delivering an interpretive walk for a community group. To my knowledge at the time, I only associated interpretation with action, such as interpretive walks and dances. Little did I know was the vast way interpretation is embedded in our world, such as “... personal contact with visitors to interpretation through exhibits, signs, self-guiding tours, apps, podcasts, social media, virtual reality, and more” (Beck et al., 2018, Chapter 1).
Funny enough, I only recently delved into the world of understanding ethics this year too, when I completed a course on environmental ethics and perspectives. The combination of these two courses has allowed me to truly understand my beliefs, how they were formed, and what that means for my future as an interpreter. To review, personal ethics are “moral principles that guide an individual’s decisions and actions based on their values, beliefs, and experiences. They shape how one determines right from wrong in daily life” (Taylor, 2024). When going through my ethics course, I came across the ethical perspective of deep ecology. Deep ecology is the belief that humans and nature are not separate entities but act together (Murray, 2017). Deep ecologists believe our relationship with nature must change, and we must recognize that nature has intrinsic value the same way that humans do (McElgunn, 2022). Learning about this belief encapsulated the views I have had since I was a child, that I had never been able to describe with one term. I have always felt like the environment has value just as we do, and it is not just a resource for us to deplete. I have always felt aware and cautious of how my actions now affect future generations. Reading the textbook and course material, I read about this same mindset, such as in Chapter 15 of Interpreting cultural and natural heritage: For A Better World. “Interpreters preserve a legacy for future generations and a foundation upon which citizens can build a better world” (Beck et al., 2018). This allowed me to feel seen and understood, and allowed for advancement in my beliefs.
As I am ending off this course, my beliefs going into it did not really change. Instead, they evolved so that I had a clearer understanding of what I wanted to do with them. The main thing I learned though, is how I share those beliefs with others, in what way I share them, and the responsibilities I have to my environment. Before I began this course, I never thought of myself as a nature interpreter, or even an interpreter in general. Now, it is something I feel like is a part of me and something I want to continue to develop going forward. Defining myself as an interpreter means having a responsibility to grow, not just as a person, but as an interpreter too. Chapter 21 of Interpreting cultural and natural heritage: For A Better World provided guidelines of how interpreters can evolve and grow “They make the effort to gain relevant specialized education and training, They provide public service with social responsibility, They participate in accreditation and certification programs, They keep current with a research-based foundation of knowledge, They lay out and follow a program of life-long learning, They accept and practice the discipline of an established code of ethics within their workplace” (Beck et al., 2018). This course also allowed me to understand that my responsibilities go deeper than to myself, but the responsibility I have to others. I have learned my responsibility to preserve history, recognizing privilege and unequal opportunities, understanding and catering to all visitors and learning styles, and much much more. I define my goal as an interpreter as being able to “have abilities to use creative imagination to help others understand and enjoy their cultural and natural environments” (Beck et al., 2018, Preface).
Finally, I want to touch on what method I have learned allows me to be the best I can be as an interpreter, which is visual interpretation. I have always been a visual learner myself, and through my degree, I have learned how to make beautiful visualizations. These illustrations show how design can allow for humans to connect with their environment in a positive way, and how spaces can be functional without compromising sustainability. Figure 1 shows an example of a piece of work I have done that shows this.
Figure 1: A 3D Model I made of a site that blends residential living with the existing environment and preserved natural areas.
As this course (and post) comes to an end, I am reflecting on my growth throughout this semester. While my beliefs have not changed, they have evolved and allowed me to understand a deeper form of communication. I will take this with me as I continue to work towards being the best interpreter I can be. I make a promise to myself, and to the world, that I will never stop teaching others the beauty of our environment.
Beck, L., Cable, T. T., & Knudson, D.M. (2018) Interpreting cultural and natural heritage: For a Better World. SAGAMORE Publishing, Sagamore Venture.
McElgunn, M. (2022, September 22). What is “Deep ecology”? Ecological Landscape Alliance. https://www.ecolandscaping.org/09/developing-healthy-landscapes/sustainability/what-is-deep-ecology/
Murray, D. (2017, March 6). The global and the local: An environmental ethics casebook. Brill. https://brill.com/display/title/33106?language=en
Taylor , E. (2024, December 18). Personal ethics: Definition, importance, and examples. The Knowledge Academy - Online certification training courses provider. https://www.theknowledgeacademy.com/blog/personal-ethics/
Hi Kayla!
I enjoyed reading your blog post and your perspective. You made many great connections to the course and readings, and your post was particularly interesting because of how your program and experiences in sustainability, environmental ethics, and landscape architecture have combined to create a very distinct and well-considered personal ethic. I learned a lot from your post!
One thing that stood out was your explanation of deep ecology. Before this course, I mostly thought of ecology in the way it was taught in my second-year class, which focused on animals, ecosystems, and how everything fits together biologically. Your post gave me a new perspective, and I feel like I truly learned something new. When you wrote that deep ecologists believe humans and nature are not separate but act together (Murray, 2017), it really stuck with me. What stood out most was when you said, “I have always felt like the environment has value just as we do, and it is not just a resource for us to deplete.” That felt so powerful and honest, and it made me reflect on how I have often felt that connection without ever having the words to define it. Knowing that others share your sentiments is reassuring and motivating, and I value how clearly and eloquently you articulated them. Your explanation helped me realize that deep ecology isn’t just a theory but it’s a mindset that can guide how we live and make choices, especially as interpreters. It also helped me separate my biology-based understanding of ecology and connect it to a deeper ethical meaning.
Another part of your post that I really related to was your reflection on how this course helped you evolve your beliefs around nature interpretation. I also had a strong connection to nature going into the course, having spent my childhood exploring the woods, lakes, and simply being outside. However, this course gave me the vocabulary, resources, and theoretical background to understand why those experiences were significant and how they could influence how I share nature with others. Like you, I now see myself as a nature interpreter, not just someone who values nature but someone who has a responsibility to help others connect with it too.This ties into how you emphasized that interpretation goes beyond the natural world. This course has helped me reflect on how my own privilege shapes my experiences with nature, and how others may engage with it very differently. I hadn’t fully considered that before. Your post did a great job of highlighting the broader responsibilities interpreters have to all people. That includes respecting different learning styles, ensuring accessibility, and acknowledging privilege. I found this section of the course especially impactful as well. As someone who plans to work in education, I feel it’s my duty to make environmental education interesting and inclusive. We can’t assume that everyone feels welcome or safe in natural spaces, or that they’ve had the same opportunities to engage with them. That kind of awareness is essential to ethical interpretation.
Finally, I really liked how you discussed the many forms interpretation can take. It doesn’t always need to be delivered face-to-face or through a hike. As you noted, interpretation can happen through design, visual communication, signage, apps, or podcasts. That quote from Beck et al. (2018, Chapter 1) really expanded my understanding of interpretation everywhere, and we have the power to embed it in many creative ways. I loved how you tied your design background into your growth as an interpreter. It reminded me that our individual strengths and learning styles can enhance how we connect with others.
Thanks for the insightful post!
-Sophie
The Final Post! My Personal Ethics and Growth as an Interpreter
Personal Ethics as an Interpreter
Reflecting on everything we have learned throughout this course, I see how my experiences, beliefs, and sense of urgency to promote profound connections between humans and the environment have greatly influenced my personal ethics. The goal of nature interpretation is to make people interested, inspired and, above all, foster respect for the natural world. Something that stuck with me is that it is not only about imparting facts but about listening to those around us and learning about what inspires them. Personal ethics are an individual's moral principles and values that guide their decisions and actions in both personal and professional life (Adams, 1989). This course has taught me that nature interpretation is not just about what is in front of us, but the deeper meaning of the things around us. Understanding this can help foster our decisions for the future. My ethics are closely connected with my relationship with nature. Being surrounded by the Niagara escarpment and Lake Ontario as a child gave me a deep appreciation for the natural world and a strong conviction in the value of conservation. Exploring nature is not only a fun hobby but also a necessary exercise for mental health. Spending time outside improves cognitive performance, lowers stress levels, and cultivates creativity. As a result, I support spending more time outside and developing an appreciation and respect for nature. I view nature as both a haven and a school, where I can learn countless lessons about resiliency, interconnectedness, and the beauty of the world around me.
Lake Ontario Sunset
The Beliefs I Bring
One of the first things I believe is that nature is an essential component of our identity and well-being, not something that exists outside of human existence. Neil Evernden's view that "we do not end at our fingertips" but rather expand throughout the landscape is in line with this concept (Rodenburg, 2019). My family went on many camping trips as kids, exploring lakes, and forests, which helped me develop an innate love of the natural world that transcended textbooks and organized classes. This helped shape my appreciation for nature as camping in a tent allows you to fully slow down and immerse yourself in nature, which is something I think is critical in today’s fast-paced society. We recently purchased a jetski and summers are spent at the lake exploring quarries, bays, and different parts of Lake Erie and Ontario. It allows me to explore new corners of the place I grew up in.
Our Camping Setup!
Another belief is that storytelling is one of the most effective means of promoting relationships with nature. Effective interpretation requires more than just communicating information, it must also uncover deeper meanings and linkages, as noted in the textbook (Beck, Cable & Knudson, 2018). I have seen firsthand how people are significantly more interested when listening to stories or ecological processes than in discrete scientific justifications. I want to make abstract environmental topics concrete and approachable by including narratives in my interpretative work. I think this course has helped me realize that. I want to be a High School Biology teacher, so I will take this knowledge with me and incorporate useful, practical examples and storytelling in my lesson plans to make my lessons more enjoyable and approachable for students.
Can anyone else feel themselves coming back to life now after such a long and harsh winter? The warm weather and sun the past few weeks have brightened my mood and got me excited for Spring! Something I strongly believe in and advocate for is Vitamin D. I believe it is amazing for our souls. Sunlight exposure elevates mood, increases creativity, and improves mental clarity. By lowering stress and promoting attention restoration, studies have demonstrated that exposure to nature, especially time spent in the sun, can enhance mental health and cognitive performance (Bratman, Hamilton, & Daily, 2012). For this reason, I stress the significance of seasonal changes and their effects on our inner selves as well as our interactions with the natural world. Spring serves as a reminder of rebirth, development, and the interdependence of all life, lessons that are central to my view of nature.
What Responsibilities do I have?
As noted by Jacob Rodenburg (2019), in the changing world, nature interpreters have a difficult job of educating those around us. This entails striking a balance between talking about issues like habitat degradation, biodiversity loss, and climate change and providing instances of successful conservation initiatives and workable solutions. Another responsibility is to incorporate the conversation of nature in social media engagements, gatherings, and informal chats. To ensure that people perceive themselves as active participants in environmental change rather than passive onlookers, I must serve as a link between knowledge and firsthand experience. I also believe I must teach kids about the natural world, climate change, and environmental interpretation when I become a teacher. I want to give young students a feeling of interest and care for the environment since they are very impressionable. I can assist students in gaining a greater understanding of the world around them by including experiential learning and nature-based teachings in my instruction. I also understand that being a good steward of nature is a prerequisite for becoming a nature interpreter. I have to set an example of sustainable behavior, promote conservation, and make sure that my personal behavior reflects the environmental principles I teach. By leading with integrity and passion, I hope to inspire the next generation to become responsible caretakers of the planet.
Group of Kids I camp counselled
Suitable Approaches for Me I think that experiential learning and interactive involvement work best for me because of my personality and communication style. As noted by Richard Louv in the lecture, it's important to provide kids with direct exposure to nature. I am currently a tutor and I place a strong emphasis on hands-on activities, as it helps students visualize and learn better. I can incorporate this in nature interpretation by planting plants, turning over logs to search for insects, or listening to bird sounds. In addition to improving learning, this tactile interaction helps people feel more connected to their surroundings. I also learned through this course that one of the best ways to learn is when we see ourselves as part of it. This aligns with the idea that "kids connect best to places through stories and faces" (Rodenburg, 2019). One way I feel connected to my community is by going for walks around Guelph, which allow me to ground myself, declutter my thoughts, and slow my mind. I get a true sensation of connection to nature in these brief moments.
Reflecting on the Future
Nature is continuously evolving, as is my knowledge. One of my biggest takeaways from this course has been the importance of fostering hope. Rodenburg (2019) states, "We can create nature-rich communities where kids feel a deep and abiding love for the living systems that we all are immersed in." This idea deeply resonates with me. Rather than focusing solely on preservation, it is important to restore ecosystems rather than just minimizing harm actively.
I also recognize that I must make environmental education inclusive and accessible as part of my privilege as an interpreter. It is easy to forget that not everybody grew up camping, traveling, or walking into their backyard and being surrounded by forest and nature. This leaves out vulnerable groups, who are frequently the ones most impacted by environmental deterioration. In the future, I hope to expand my interpretive practice to include other viewpoints, especially those related to Indigenous knowledge systems and community-based conservation initiatives.
To encourage others to view themselves as essential to the natural world, I will continue to create deep connections between people and the environment via storytelling, experiential learning, and education founded on hope. The goal of interpretation is to create experiences that are transformational, not only to transmit information. I know I am doing my job if I can inspire someone to take action and I am excited to apply my knowledge from this class to the real world.
It has been so fun to read everyone's blogs this semester, I have learned so much! I hope everyone is taking away something from this course just as I am!
Signing Out 🌲🌧☀️🦌
Sophie
Can Trees Talk?!?
One of the most amazing things about nature, to me, is something that almost seems straight out of a sci-fi movie. Look no further than James Cameron’s Avatar for proof that this concept has inspired movie makers and story tellers. In the movie, the Na’vi people tell the human protagonist that the trees on this fictional planet of Pandora are all connected: one living being instead of multiple disconnected individuals. We see many examples of this throughout the movie, with the viewer even being offered scenes containing glowing tree roots underground connecting other trees to the main Tree of Life, like in the photo below (Fandom, n.d.).
Caption: A scene from James Cameron’s Avatar showing glowing tree roots underground connecting other trees to the main Tree of Life.
One of the main scientists in the movie, Dr. Grace Augustine, says, “What we think we know - is that there's some kind of electrochemical communication between the roots of the trees. Like the synapses between neurons. Each tree has ten to the fourth connections to the trees around it...” (IMDb, n.d.).
But what if I told you Dr. Augustine was on to something... The link we understand about trees today isn’t 100% electric in nature, as Dr. Augustine suggested, but more fungal. Known as the mycorrhizal (pronounced like MY-koe-RYE-zull) network, tree roots (and indeed, almost all plant roots living in the Earth’s soil) are connected to each other through fungal mycelia.
“What are fungal mycelia?” you might be asking at this point. Which is a great question since even I, as someone who is talking to you about this, had to Google it to remind myself of the definition.
Fungal mycelia are defined as “the mass of branched, tubular hyphae of fungi” (Encyclopædia Britannica, 2025). Which.... I have to just say thank you SO MUCH, Britannica, for that definition, that’s not confusing at all.
So, without all the fancy scientist words, what does this mean? Essentially, mushrooms and fungi have networks of very thin, tube-like filaments that run throughout the fruiting body (or the part of the mushroom you see) and then into the ground around the network. In this way, Dr. Augustine had it right, because mycelia are very similar to our own neural networks.
Tree roots and fungi have a symbiotic relationship in which the fungi will attach to the tree roots to gain food made by the tree, and then the tree roots get both the fungally-foraged nutrients from the soil and a network that connects their roots to other tree roots around them (Gorzelak et al., 2015). Through these networks, trees can really talk to one another. They can warn each other about certain stressors like insect attacks or droughts or fires (Grant, 2018).
It’s even been speculated whether these fungal networks contribute to tree masting, a phenomenon that is not yet completely understood by scientists. Masting is when trees produce an abundance of seeds (or nuts, if you prefer). But it’s not just that one tree produces more, it’s every tree in every forest in an area (Shechet, 2023). How do oak trees in one area communicate to trees in another area to throw their all into acorn production that year? It’s still a bit of a mystery but I believe it’s because they talk to each other.
Another reason I like this topic of mycorrhizal networks and trees talking is because it’s symbolic, to me. Like our textbook says:
“People who understand the interconnectedness of things can foresee consequences and long-term impacts of their actions on this and future generations” (Beck et al., 2018).
Trees understand the big picture and can foresee long-term impacts to their actions. Masting years often come when small mammal populations are down. The abundance of food leads to a boom in squirrel, chipmunk, mice, raccoon and many other nut-eating animal populations. This, in turn, feeds predators like foxes, raptors, weasels, coyotes, etc.
Our textbook stresses that making connections is crucial to good interpreting. Trees make connections to other trees around them, other plants, the fungus itself, and the nutrients in the ground. If we turn that concept into an analogy for humans, I think it would mean that we need to be more connected to other animal species, other plants, each other (especially), and even the basic building blocks of our lives like the food we eat, the water we drink, and the soil that sustain us as well as the trees. Try to think about this connectedness the next time you step over a tree root on your nature walk or dig up a weed in your garden. How are you connected to other living and non-living things around you, like the mycorrhizal network of roots?
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REFERENCES:
Beck, L., Cable, T. T., & Knudson, D. M. (2018). Interpreting cultural and natural heritage: For A Better World. SAGAMORE Publishing, Sagamore Venture.
Discuss everything about avatar wiki. Fandom. (n.d.). https://james-camerons-avatar.fandom.com/f
Encyclopædia Britannica, inc. (2025, February 17). Mycelium. Encyclopædia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/science/mycelium
Gorzelak, M. A., Asay, A. K., Pickles, B. J., & Simard, S. W. (2015). Inter-plant communication through mycorrhizal networks mediates complex adaptive behaviour in plant communities. AoB Plants, 7. https://doi.org/10.1093/aobpla/plv050
Grant, R. (2018, March). Do trees talk to each other? | Smithsonian. Ask Smithsonian. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/the-whispering-trees-180968084/
IMDb.com. (n.d.). Avatar. IMDb. https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0499549/quotes/
Shechet, E. (2023, November 27). The lingering mysteries of the Mast Year. Brooklyn Botanic Garden. https://www.bbg.org/article/the_mysteries_of_masting_in_trees#:~:text=Masting%20is%2C%20in%20short%2C%20the,roughly%20every%202%E2%80%935%20years.
Hey Alexandra!
No lie, this is one of my favorite blog posts I have read. The way you use enthusiastic, descriptive detail truly encapsulated me until the very end. Although I've always been fascinated by the unspoken networks of communication found in nature, it wasn't until I read your piece that I truly understood how interconnected trees are. You made the topic much simpler to understand by comparing the mycorrhizal network to the neurological system in Avatar. This is a very recognizable movie, that is easy to picture, so it makes your connection much more throughout and helped me visualize the words you were saying. The luminous roots that connected the trees in a covert information network were almost visible to me as they extended underground. One of the parts you mentioned that stood out was how trees may alert one another about fires, droughts, and insect infestations (Grant, 2018). That was incredible! The fact that trees employ chemical messages to protect themselves from predators over great distances via subterranean fungal highways reminded me of how coral reefs do the same. I wonder whether certain trees in this network are "leaders" and send out more messages than others. Would that account for the fact that certain woods appear to be more robust than others during periods of environmental stress?
I learned to learn more about fungal mycelia when reading your post. I completely understood when you made a joke about how useless Encyclopaedia Britannica's definition was. You explained fungal mycelia as small, tube-like strands that link trees, which helped me understand what you were explaining better. Sometimes, scientific explanations may be overpowering and difficult for the average person to understand so I commend your connections. It's amazing to consider that these networks function similarly to neuronal connections in our brains. I was unaware that fungi played a crucial role in facilitating tree communication in addition to being decomposers. If fungi are so important to forests, I wonder if they also have a function in other ecosystems that we don't completely understand. I wonder what other creatures or plants in nature are important to different aspects that we have not yet thought about.
I also really liked how you related the textbook's assertion that anticipating repercussions is aided by an awareness of interconnection (Beck et al., 2018). It truly made me consider how people could be able to learn from trees. We must share information and resources through our networks, much as forests do, especially regarding conservation.
Overall thank you so much for this information and your enthusiastic way of delivering it!
-Sophie
Unit 8 Blog Post: The Amazing Caribbean Reef Octopus
This week when reading the prompt, I was very excited because it allowed me to learn more about a creature I am deeply fascinated by: The Caribbean Reef Octopus. As mentioned in my previous blog post (week 4), I love the ocean and it would be my dream to work with the water and the creatures and teach children more about it. So when asked “what the most amazing thing I know about the ocean is”, I quickly thought about this versatile, unique sea creature. This cephalopod actively changes, mimicking the forms, motions, and behaviors of poisonous marine creatures to evade predators, in contrast to other species that only use camouflage. It doesn’t just disappear into its surroundings, it transforms into a living shape-shifter beneath the waves. It transforms into something completely different rather than simply blending in (ANGARI Foundation, 2024).
The first time I became truly encapsulated by Octopus was about 7 years ago when I was scuba diving in the Dominican Republic with my family, and we saw an Octopus. It was very different from the cute symmetrical image of an Octopus I had in my head. I initially mistook the crawling motion of the Octopus across the water floor for something else. Its tentacles slithered and pulsed, undulating like thick ribbons caught in an invisible breeze. The movement of its long, banded body matched the currents exactly. However, the "snake" quickly fanned out, retracted its limbs, and took on the appearance of a lionfish, exhibiting spiky "fins" as a warning. The transformation was so seamless that I felt like I was watching a magic trick unfold in real-time. It took me a while to realize that this was neither a lionfish nor a sea serpent. It was an octopus, changing its identity in front of me with ease. Although I had heard about imitation in nature, it seemed unreal to witness it for myself.
Reef Octopus Blending in with its surroundings
The chromatophores, which are pigment-filled specialized skin cells, are responsible for the mimic octopus's changes. The octopus can change its color and pattern at will because these cells may instantaneously expand or contract. These are followed by leucophores and iridophores, which scatter and reflect light to further enhance the disguise's realism (ANGARI Foundation, 2024). Additionally, the octopus can change the shape of its body by stretching, compressing, or curling its flexible muscles. Its motions are smooth and this gives its imitations an uncanny sense of realism. The coolest thing I witnessed was its ability to squeeze through impossibly small holes and crevices between coral and sea plants! It moved as though it wasn’t bound by the limits of a solid body, as though it could slip between states of being, one-moment flesh and the next a shadow.
Effective interpretation facilitates the development of human relationships with nature, as highlighted by Beck et al. (2018) This encounter is a good example of this concept, as I had a scientific admiration for the Caribbean Reef Octopus before scuba diving, but after witnessing it in action, I had amazement, curiosity, and an emotional connection, an appreciation for its intelligence and adaptability. I instantly felt bad that this unique creature is one of my favorite types of seafood!
Reef Octopus sliding through a small space
One key takeaway from this class is the idea that we can introduce the ocean's wonders to those who would not otherwise be able to see them for themselves through education and storytelling. The imitation octopus serves as both a call to action and a reminder of the inventiveness of nature. If a creature can survive by adapting, then surely we, too, can change our ways by creating more protective and welcoming environments. We must save their planet before it's too late if we want future generations to be as awed by these animals as I was.
Thinking back on my encounter with the Caribbean Reef Octopus makes me realize how crucial sense-making is to understanding the environment. Asking, "Where do I find inspiration?" is a key component of learning about nature, as I stressed in this week's lecture. How can I maintain my motivation? (ENVS 3000 Notes, 2024). Seeing this octopus up close didn’t just teach me about the ocean, it made me rethink my relationship with nature and how I can contribute to its preservation. It made me question my place within the natural world and how I can become a better steward of it. This experience is also in line with Beck et al. (2018), who stress that interpretation is about establishing human connections rather than only presenting facts. A species like the Caribbean Reef Octopus becomes more than simply an intriguing animal when we come across it; it becomes a part of our narrative and influences the way we see and value nature.
References
ANGARI Foundation. (2024). Caribbean Reef Octopus Deep Dive. Retrieved from https://angari.org/caribbean-reef-octopus-deep-dive.
Beck, L., Cable, T. T., & Knudson, D. M. (2018). Interpreting Cultural and Natural Heritage: For A Better World.Sagamore Publishing.
ENVS 3000 Notes. (2024). Unit 8: Sense-Making of Nature Interpretation.
Unit 7: Music in Nature & Nature in Music
Personally, I believe music and nature have always been intertwined, each reflecting and amplifying the other. Just as music is present in nature, nature also finds its way into human music, shaping melodies, rhythms, and even the instruments we play. Reflecting on what music in nature could entail, birdsong is the first thing that comes to mind. Birdsong, the long, often complex learned vocalizations birds produce, is a universally recognized form of “natural music”. Many species, such as the nightingale or the song sparrow, produce intricate and deliberate patterns of notes that serve as communication, territory marking, or even mate attraction. Scientists have studied the phrasing and repetition in birdsong, drawing parallels to human musical composition. Beyond individual sounds of birds, entire ecosystems create layered soundscapes. A tropical rainforest hums with insects, distant howls, and flowing water, creating an orchestra of rhythm. The desert, though seemingly quiet, reveals its own melody in the eerie whistle of the wind over dunes or the sudden, percussive sound of shifting sand.
Human music rather, has always been inspired by nature. Many traditional songs and compositions mimic the calls of birds, the roll of thunder, or the movement of water. Composers like Vivaldi, with The Four Seasons, and Beethoven, with his Pastoral Symphony, sought to capture the essence of natural landscapes in their work. Folk music across cultures often draws directly from the environment, for example, the sounds from a didgeridoo are meant to echo the sounds of the vast Australian outback. Modern music continues to incorporate nature, both literally and figuratively. Field recordings of rain, waves, or rustling trees are frequently used in ambient and electronic music. Even the instruments we use, from wooden flutes to hollowed-out drums, originate from natural materials, reminding us that music and nature are inseparable.
As for a song that takes takes me immediately back to a natural landscape, it has to be California Dreamin' by The Mamas and The Papas. Although I've never actually been to California, California Dreamin' evokes a deep sense of nostalgia and imagination for me. I heard it often when I was younger as part of movie soundtracks, on the internet, out loud through the house, or from the car speakers on long drives. The song has always painted a vivid picture in my mind of what California not only looks like, but how it could make a person feel. It painted this picture in my brain that California is an enchanting place of warmth and golden light. The lyrics coupled with the melody and harmonies of each artist’s voices built this image of a dreamscape place filled with sunlight, blue skies, rolling hills and a sense of calm and safety, allowing the imagination of what California looks like to roam freely. To me, the song California Dreamin’ serves as nature interpretation through music, transforming sound into a sensory journey that captures the beauty and essence of a place I’ve never even been to.
References
Earth Day: How Mother Nature Inspired Four Major Composers | WQXR Features. (2015, April 21). WQXR. https://www.wqxr.org/story/earth-day-how-nature-inspired-major-composers
Starling, M. (2023, June 6). It Rocks in the Tree Tops, but Is That Bird Making Music? The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2023/06/06/science/birdsong-music.html
Cbsn. com staff Cbsn. com. (2001, March 1). Instrument Of The Outback—CBS News. https://www.cbsnews.com/news/instrument-of-the-outback/
Hi Gil!
I thoroughly enjoyed reading your blog post, and I connected with a lot of points you touched on. Your description of the birdsong as a type of "natural music" got me thinking about how soundscapes influence how we feel about the world. I was wondering whether birds enjoy their songs in the same way that people do after reading about bioacoustics, the study of how living things create and react to sound. You mention how scientists have done studies on the repetitive songbird sounds, and I would love to learn more about it so thank you for mentioning this!
Another thing I admire is how deeply you intertwined your knowledge to make connections between music and nature. Your mention of Beethoven, and The Four Seasons makes this concept of nature being everywhere in music more relatable. I think the way you describe modern music is also captivating. A lot of my favourite sad songs include rain sounds, which enhance the production and the emotion I feel when listening. This is another connection I never thought about when writing my blog post.
One immediate connection I made to your blog post was your ideas on how human music might be derived from nature made me think about my own experiences. I work as an online tutor for young children, and I've found that one of the quickest ways to get the students engaged again is by playing a song they know or sound effects from Minecraft and Roblox. It makes me wonder if we’re wired from an early age to respond to natural patterns in music.
Finally, I love how personal you make your connection to the song California Dreamin’. I have never heard this song before and I think your interpretation is right on. Your description of how the song creates a sense of “warmth and golden light” made me reflect on how certain musical elements contribute to that feeling. The rich vocal harmonies, the reverb-drenched guitar, and the steady rhythm create a sense of motion, almost like a gentle breeze rolling through palm trees. It’s amazing how music can make us feel a place without ever setting foot there!
Overall, I loved reading your blog and found it very informative
-Sophie
Unit 7 Blog: What Music in Nature means to Me
Upon first read, I thought this prompt was quite strange because how could plants and animals possibly listen to music? However, Patricia M (2001), introduced many concepts in her article that reminded me music and nature simultaneously exist all around us.
Where is Music in Nature
Nature is packed with rhythmic and harmonic patterns that closely mimic human music. Birds, for example, make sounds that reflect musical features such as rhythm, pitch fluctuation, and even scales seen in human compositions (Gray et al., 2001). Birds are constantly chirping, but how often do we sit back and appreciate the songs they are singing? In such a fast-paced environment, I know I do not sit back and listen as often as I should. She mentions other animals including cockatoos. As part of their courting rituals, these animals shape sticks into drumsticks and tap them on logs to make their percussion instruments. According to Gray et al. (2001), humpback whales also write songs that have patterns similar to those of human music, such as rhythmic components, recurring refrains, which stands for theme, elaboration, and return. These illustrations imply that music is an essential component of nature rather than a uniquely human creation. I wonder if animals enjoy the songs they create the same way that I enjoy blasting Tate Mcrae or The Weeknd on a long car ride. Reading this article was a true reminder that all living things are connected, and even though we cannot talk to animals, there are other ways to communicate with one another, which we often take for granted.
Where is Nature in Music?
One of the most prominent ways nature is present in music is through Indigenous cultures. Using music to analyze and communicate environmental links, many Indigenous societies do not separate music from nature (ENVS 3000 Notes, 2025). The Sami people of Scandinavia, for instance, have a distinctive vocal tradition known as "yoiks," which employ absurd syllables to convey the spirit of a person, location, or natural feature (Gray et al., 2001). This oral tradition is a means of transmitting environmental knowledge and fostering a connection with the land. Similarly, as mentioned in the reading this week, the natural environment has always been represented in Finnish folk music, with traditional songs depicting seasonal variations, landscapes, and even the mythological beginnings of nature, such as the idea that the universe was formed from a bird's egg (Sahi, 2012). Folk singing is employed in contemporary environmental education to help people rediscover their connection to nature, highlighting the fact that it is a living, breathing source of inspiration rather than merely a resource (Sahi, 2012). This reminded me how important music is to my everyday life. I love going for long walks listening to music, going to concerts or listening to music while I clean the house. As mentioned in the lecture, music is a way to deepen our lens for interpretation (ENVS 3000 Notes, 2025). It gives me something to relate to no matter my mood, provides me a sense of calm, and allows me to connect with groups of people who also enjoy the same artists as me.
A Song I Associate with Nature
“The Nights” by Avicii immediately takes me back to my Grade 12 graduation trip at Camp Olympia in Muskoka Woods. It was a trip filled with adventure, bonding, and unforgettable memories which perfectly captured the spirit of the song’s lyrics: “Live a life you will remember.” This trip was at the end of high school. The whole graduating class was reminiscing on the amazing past 4 years we had spent together.
Arrived in the Wilderness for the Weekend!
We stayed in small cabins, and every morning we awoke to the sound of birds, the crisp aroma of pine trees, and a stunning view of the lake. During the day we spent time doing high-rope activities, learning how to construct campfires, and hiking through the forest.
Hike in the Forest surrounded by nature.
I can now think back to this and remember all the beauty I was surrounded by as well as the breathtaking scenery and sounds of birds chirping and coyotes howling that have long served as an inspiration to storytellers and musicians (Sahi, 2012). For me, the most memorable part of the trip was the last night when we all built a campfire together. Someone started playing The Nights on a speaker, we were all singing along, arms around each other, feeling more connected than ever. No matter our differences or silly little arguments we got in with one another in the hallway, or how little we interacted with one another at school, everyone was present. The song captured our collective excitement for the future while also allowing us to reminisce on the last 4 years we all spent together.
Campfire that reminds me of "The Nights"
This experience reinforces the deep connection between music and nature. Just as folk traditions have long used songs to interpret and celebrate the natural world, modern music continues to shape our experiences in outdoor spaces. Whether through Indigenous yoiks that reflect the essence of the land (Gray et al., 2001) or Finnish folk singing that honors sacred landscapes (Sahi, 2012), music has always helped people form deeper bonds with their surroundings, and I am so grateful for that.
References
ENVS 3000 Notes (2025). Nature Interpretation through Music.
Gray, P. M., et al. (2001). The Music of Nature and the Nature of Music. Scienceorg.com, 291(5501).
Sahi, V. (2012). Using Folk Traditional Music to Communicate the Sacredness of Nature in Finland. Spiritual Values of Protected Areas of Europe. University of Guelph. pp 129 - 132.
Do you have integrity?
I’d like to preface this post by saying that the opinions in this blog are entirely my own, and do not reflect on the University of Guelph or anyone else. That being said, there are some emotionally charged and/or heavy topics included in this post so please keep that in mind while reading.
Do you have integrity? I think most of us would like to think we do. I know I would like to believe that I have “the quality of being honest and having strong moral principles.” I like to think that I know the difference between what is right and what is wrong. But what about in the broader context of history instead of the individual level?
The quote we’ve been asked to unpack this week essentially says that we must keep the past whole if we want to understand it in an honest, genuine way. To me, this quote is saying that you can’t omit a part of history and still call yourself honest. Which begs the question, in my mind, “do we, as a society, have integrity in the history we tell?”
Our textbook says that one reason we interpret history is to remember. It also says that “without interpretation, artifacts are merely old things, historic buildings are just old buildings, and ceremonies and festivals are merely entertainment.” So, what happens when we don’t remember? What happens when atrocities are forgotten? What happens when old things are merely old things and historic buildings are merely old buildings?
I grew up in the U.S. and only recently moved to Canada, so I have much more knowledge of American history than Canadian history. And what I’m seeing happen today in the U.S. is pretty concrete proof that we've forgotten, that we’ve let historic lessons become idle chatter.
In school, I never learned about the Mexican Repatriation that occurred during the Great Depression. During the 1930’s it is estimated that as many as 1.8 million people were forcibly removed from the U.S. and sent to Mexico. Even more appalling, it’s estimated that about 60% of the people deported were American citizens.
Can you even imagine going through what Mr. José Lopez went through - being taken from the only home you’ve ever known at the age of 5? Forced to move from his home, he contracted whooping cough, a disease that killed thousands of people throughout the 1930’s and 1940’s. Sick and most likely scared, José then proceeded to lose both his mom and one of his brothers (read more about the Mexican Repatriation and Mr. Lopez’s story here).
They say history is doomed to repeat itself and I guess that’s true. I didn’t learn about the Mexican Repatriation that occurred in the 1930’s until after I was out of high school, and I learned it on my own, not from any school or teacher. But since I have learned about it, I now see the similarities between what happened then and what’s happening now.
Since taking office, the Trump Administration has authorized raids, carried out by U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) officers, that has resulted in the deportation of more than 8,000 people in about a month (read more about the current ICE raids here).
How can we possibly call ourselves honest when we erase parts of our history from our history books? How can we say we have integrity when we carry out the same atrocities today that we carried out 100 years ago? We’ve let old things become simply old things and look where it’s brought us – tearing families apart and ruining lives once again.
Our textbook talks about how we need to be careful when we interpret history, to not tell inaccurate or false information. It says that we should “strive for the truth through thorough and unbiased research.” I think this is especially hard because our society has been built on a foundation of biases. It is natural for us to want to tell history through a white-washed lens because that’s what we’ve been taught to do for many years.
I appreciate what our textbook says about interpreting history, I just worry that it’s already too late to have integrity when it comes to telling historical stories. I fear that we’re doomed to let our own history happen again and again. I fear we’ve already forgotten.
But hopefully, through good interpretation, we can change the narrative that has been forced upon us for so many years: that there is only one right way and that is the white, man’s way. I think as we move forward in our interpreting, despite being nature interpreters and not historical interpreters, we need to carefully consider our history and try to incorporate it wherever and whenever we can.
Hi Axal!
Your thoughtful analysis of integrity and historical interpretation is much appreciated and I applaud you for speaking out about controversial topics. Your post got me thinking about how national identity and personal opinions are shaped by selective memory. I agree with your viewpoint that maintaining integrity entails preserving the entirety of history; after all, how can we be considered honest if we only acknowledge parts of history that fit our needs?
I was taken aback by your description of the repatriation of Mexicans. I have never heard of such a thing happening, and I also never learned about this important time in history in school. Who gets to choose what is remembered and what isn't? The fact that so many people, many of them citizens of the United States, were forcibly deported is alarming. I like how you make the connection between the past and the present. You make a compelling comparison between the Mexican Repatriation and contemporary ICE raids. You did a great job connecting your response to the quote, especially in how you emphasize the importance of keeping history whole to maintain integrity. The quote states, “Integrity entails the keeping together of the parts of any whole, and if these parts are scattered throughout time, then the maintenance of integrity entails a knowledge, a memory, of ancient things.” Your discussion of the Mexican Repatriation perfectly illustrates this idea because this event has been largely forgotten, and its lessons have been lost, allowing history to repeat itself. You prove why it is so important to look into our past, learn from our mistakes, and move forward to create united countries.
Trump's treatment of individuals is genuinely horrifying as if the terrible effects of prejudice haven't already been demonstrated by history. Given how frequently we have witnessed how these acts result in pain and division, I think it is absurd to believe that a world leader, someone with such enormous authority and responsibility, has not learned from the past. How is it possible for someone in that position to disregard historical lessons and still be regarded as an honorable leader?
Your concern about whether it’s "too late" to have integrity in historical storytelling is valid. But I’d argue that conversations like this prove that change is possible. Maybe integrity isn’t about perfect objectivity but about actively questioning dominant narratives. Your post is a strong call to action, and I too hope we can one day change this narrative.
Unit 6 Blog Post: Unpacking Edward Hyams Quote
Hey everyone! This week we had the task to unpack the following quote by Edward Hyams:
"There is no peculiar merit in ancient things, but there is merit in integrity, and integrity entails the keeping together of the parts of any whole, and if these parts are scattered throughout time, then the maintenance of integrity entails a knowledge, a memory, of ancient things. …. To think, feel or act as though the past is done with, is equivalent to believing that a railway station through which our train has just passed, only existed for as long as our train was in it."
(Edward Hyams, Chapter 7, The Gifts of Interpretation)
This quote by Edward Hyams challenges us to rethink how we perceive history’s role in shaping our present and future. It reminds us that the past is never truly behind us. My mom always says we need to understand what happened in our past to move on in the future. This relates to “the maintenance of integrity entails a knowledge, a memory, of ancient things.” Just as understanding the past helps us move forward, maintaining historical integrity requires remembering and connecting past events to shape a coherent future. In interpreting cultural and natural heritage, we encounter the challenge of maintaining integrity in understanding history.
Why Does the Past Matter?
Integrity in historical interpretation is fundamentally about understanding how the past, present, and future are intertwined. The need for interpretation in bridging these time gaps is emphasized in the textbook, especially in Chapters 14 and 15. Interpretation is the process of creating stories that preserve historical context and reality, not only presenting facts. This relates to the part, “Integrity entails the keeping together of the parts of any whole, and if these parts are scattered throughout time, then the maintenance of integrity entails a knowledge, a memory, of ancient things.” For example, in many Canadian Indigenous cultures, there are oral traditions, and stories passed down through generations to preserve cultural identity and historical integrity, ensuring that knowledge of the past continues to inform the present and future. As a Canadian on Indigenous lands, I think it is so important to hear and listen to these Indigenous stories. We run the danger of splintering the narrative if we are unaware of the traditions from the past that we are living on. We preserve this purity via historical interpretation, whether it is through written documents or oral history. This supports the notion that a thorough comprehension of the present requires recollection of the past.
It is a dangerous misconception to believe that history loses its significance once it has passed. In today’s fast-paced society, we are often so focused on the present that we neglect the lessons of the past. With our constant attachment to technology and the rapid cycle of trends, it becomes all too easy to overlook history and move forward without reflection. This relates to the quote’s statement: “To think, feel or act as though the past is done with, is equivalent to believing that a railway station through which our train has just passed, only existed for as long as our train was in it.” Our lecture this week emphasizes how history shapes identity and communal cohesiveness while also inspiring people. This idea is especially pertinent to environmental interpretation, as judgments are made based on knowledge of past ecosystems, landscapes, and conservation initiatives.
The textbook's Chapter 14 highlights the importance of written interpretation as a means of preserving and communicating history, whether it be through books, blogs, signage, or brochures. Writing makes historical narratives more accessible to a wider range of readers. Written reports are used in environmental interpretation to record shifting landscapes and set the scene for conservation initiatives. Furthermore, writing itself may be a means of maintaining historical accuracy. Interpreters help create a more accurate and comprehensive portrayal of the past when they carefully select their words, taking into account which viewpoints to include and how to interact with their audience. This illustrates the quote's larger point, which is that to preserve the integrity of the human experience, the past must be remembered. For example, I have found many historical landmarks now use digital storytelling and QR codes on plaques to share detailed histories with visitors, ensuring that stories of the past remain accessible in an age of rapid technological change. This relates to the quote’s statement: “If these parts are scattered throughout time, then the maintenance of integrity entails a knowledge, a memory, of ancient things.” By preserving history through written and digital interpretation, we ensure that even in a fast-moving world, the past is not forgotten but remains an integral part of our collective understanding.
Overall, I believe this quote is an important one when unpacked, as ignoring the pillars on which our present and future are based would be to see history as a passing moment rather than an ongoing thread. Maintaining the fragments of history together while recognizing their importance over time is a requirement of integrity and can help us discover things about nature and relationships!
Beck, L., Cable, T. T., & Knudson, D. M. (2018). Interpreting cultural and natural heritage: For A Better World. SAGAMORE Publishing, Sagamore Venture. Edwards, Y. (1979). The land speaks. Toronto, ON: The National and Provincial Parks Association of Canada.
Week 5 Blog Post
The content of this week’s unit really resonated with me, especially since it was closely related to a long conversation that I was having yesterday before going through the readings. Yesterday I went to get a tattoo, over the several hours that I was sitting, I chatted with the artist about many things, but the conversation kept coming back to various environmental/conservation topics. One topic that we discussed was the importance of accessible scientific information.
As someone that has been trained in science for many years, it is easy to overlook the importance of effective scientific communication with the general public. For myself, I feel that this is something I overlooked, especially at the beginning of my education. I never really thought about what other people think of science, and when people seemed like they didn’t care, I never spent much energy trying to get them to care. While “getting someone to care” isn’t the ultimate goal of interpretation, it is important to be able to reframe your point so that it is meaningful to the person you are interpreting to.
Conversations like this are easy and smooth when the person you are interpreting to has a similar world view to you. For example, my tattoo artist and I both have a pretty similar world view, therefore both of us tended to agree with what the other was saying which propelled the conversation forward. At one point she had mentioned that she has a family member that was radicalized towards believing many anti-science conspiracy theories, where we then began discussing the importance of still having respectful conversation with those that disagree with you.
It can be disheartening trying to share your worldview with someone that disagrees with it, however there is always some benefit to trying. If one is always respectful in conversations like this, and provide evidence-based conversation points, there is always the possibility that you have opened somebody’s eyes to a new worldview. While I used a rather extreme example, there is always going to be people that don’t agree with a certain part of your world view, even if they agree with you mostly. This shows the importance of being respectful and understanding in each interpretive context, because it is the only way to open the door to someone possibly seeing something from your point of view- if someone feels looked down upon by you, they are more likely to be apprehensive to exploring your world view.
Another way to make science more accessible to the general public is to involve them through citizen science programs like the ones mentioned in this week’s readings! The Adina et al. paper from 2016 was a great reflection of this idea, they found that people who had participated in naturalist programs felt more confident about their contributions to conservation and continued to participate in citizen science. It is not just the environmental scientists and biologists that care about saving the environment, so many ‘average joes’ want to help too- we, as scientists and interpreters, just need to provide the tools people need to contribute.
Hi Chayse!
I enjoyed reading your post this week, particularly in the section about easily understandable scientific communication. As a science minor, I often forget that my parents or friends may not know the terminology or have the same science background as me. As you noted, it's not always the case that people interact with science in the same manner that we do. I thought it was great how you connected this insight to your discussion with your tattoo artist. It's a great reminder of how daily, unexpected situations may inspire scientific interpretation. When you said “getting someone to care” isn’t the ultimate goal of interpretation, this really got me thinking as we often think when explaining scientific concepts to someone they need to care and fully understand it in order to comprehend what we were saying. This statement has really given me a new perspective!
I think the way you and your tattoo artist discussed how important it is to have respectful conversations with people who have different opinions is a good reminder. I am happy you have someone to discuss such topics with! Especially in today’s society, there are so many opposing views, that you are never going to meet people who agree with you completely. Although I get irritated when people reject scientific data, I appreciate your reminder that it's important to interact with empathy and respect. Even if they don't change their views after one talk, it might spark an interest that will eventually blossom.
I also agree when you mention the citizen science programs are fascinating. The Merenlender et al. (2016) study truly highlights how participation in nature programs increases confidence and engagement in conservation. I too think it is our job as nature interpreters to provide the “average Joe's” tools necessary to fully immerse ourselves in nature. What do you think are the best ways to reach younger and more diverse audiences for citizen science? Also, how do we balance making science accessible without oversimplifying it?
It was enlightening to read your perspective Chayse! What kind of tattoo did you get?
Unit 5 Blog Post
Is anyone else excited we are able to write about anything we want this week!? After seeing this, the first thing that popped into my head was the recent wildfires in Los Angeles. This tragic weather event shows the power of nature and the pressing need to comprehend environmental change. This week focused on science in nature interpretation. The need for science in nature interpretation is greater than ever as fires more frequently engulf large areas, uprooting species and communities. The way we communicate and engage with environmental issues through observation, and personal connections determines how effectively we inspire action and awareness (Wals et al., 2014; Merenlender et al., 2016).
Birds-eye view ofLos Angeles Wildfire in Palisades.
Many news anchors and articles use scientific terms, such as wind speed, containment percentages, and acres burned, while addressing wildfires. Being an average civilian, these terms do not emotionally connect with me or many others. As discussed in this week's lecture, engagement is key to effective nature interpretation. We should consider what this wildfire means for the impacted communities rather than just relaying the facts. Is there anything to learn from those affected that can help us discover more about our ecosystems beyond science? Is there ways to make the science behind these fires more inclusive to the average viewer?
Not only have the fires greatly impacted the environment but they have had a large impact on the community, with at least 29 people tragically losing their lives. The fires have also led to the destruction of over 16,000 structures, displacing thousands of residents (Shalvey et al., 2025). Among the damaged buildings are many schools, which are important parts of their local communities. Palisade High became one of the many schools completely burned in the fire (Arundel, 2025). This is so devastating to learn as a student, and I cannot even imagine the emotions I would feel if the place I go to every day to learn, grow and form relationships was gone in an instant.
Palisade High following the tragic wildfires.
When applied to environmental interpretation, such real-world examples can turn abstract facts into compelling stories that the general public can relate to. I think it is important to promote a greater awareness of the value of environmental stewardship and the necessity of taking preventative action to lessen such tragedies by emphasizing the real effects that wildfires have on institutions and communities. This strategy is based on the ideas presented by Merenlender et al. (2016), who highlight the value of narrative in capturing audiences' attention and advancing conservation initiatives. We were also reminded of it in the lecture when it said science only provides us with one lens of nature interpretation. I think the example of using the Arboretum as a place for hands-on learning gave a great visual as to what this means! Instead of just providing a list of tree species, they encourage people to observe, inquire about, and engage with nature. Similar to this, we should promote multi-perspective participation when interpreting wildfires, including first-hand stories from individuals affected, historical land-use practices, and scientific explanations.
The lecture also said there are always risks and rewards to interpreting nature. In this scenario, some might contend that the technical quality of wildfire research is diminished when scientific ideas are oversimplified or when personal narratives are the main focus. But the payoff is far bigger: an informed, involved public that feels a sense of belonging to the environment and is motivated to act (Merenlender et al., 2016). The flames in Los Angeles are more than just numbers, they are real-life accounts of loss, resiliency, and adaptation. I believe by using nature interpretation as a tool for awareness and change by embracing science, narrative, and participation the sector as a whole will become more inclusive!
References
Arundel, K. (2025, January 21). Many Los Angeles-area schools reopen after wildfires, but at least 3 will need to rebuild. Facilities Dive. https://www.facilitiesdive.com/news/schools-reopen-destroyed-southern-california-wildfires.
Merenlender, A. M., Crall, A. W., Drill, S., Prysby, M., & Ballard, H. (2016). Evaluating environmental education, citizen science, and stewardship through naturalist programs. Conservation Biology, 30(6), 1255-1265.
Shalvey, K., Brennan , D., Shapiro , E., Hoffman , R., & Reinstein , J. (2025, January 27). California fires updates: Death toll in Los Angeles fires rises to 29. ABC News. https://abcnews.go.com/US/live-updates/california-wildfires-los-angeles-weather.
Wals, A., Brody , M., Dillion , J., & Stevenson , R. (2014). Convergence between science and environmental ...Convergence Between Science and Environmental Education. https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.1250515.
The calm and peace that the ocean brings.
04: Nature through Art...
My whole life, I have always had a strong connection to art. As soon as I was able to hold something in my hands, my mom gave me a paintbrush and paints, and put me in front of an easel. She gave me the tools to create whatever I desired. The poor woman has boxes and boxes of art pieces as I’ve grown up. I see she treasures them all, whether they are 2 year-old scribbles or 15 year-old dark, experimental work. I have always defaulted to expression through art, whether it is through painting, drawing, dance, acting, or some other medium I have decided to try out. I love visual arts so much that I became an animator, and worked in that industry for a number of years before deciding to go back to school for my Zoology degree. Although I loved animating, I left because the industry is experiencing an increased use of AI, therefore resulting in mass layoffs for the real people. Since I joined the industry because of my love for the art, it didn’t feel right to stay in it.
In animation college, we would go on field trips with the intention of drawing our observations throughout the day. These experiences connected me so strongly with my surroundings, and it made me appreciate every place we went. It made me really look at where I was, who was there, what they were doing, what was beautiful. We got to draw people, rooms, nature, animals, and more (truly whatever inspired us). I think connection and appreciation is a common experience for artists when they are trying to represent a new location or experience. And for those that may not be able to produce art, they can experience that connection through the artwork of others.
“The arts are a medium for the gentle awakening of the unconscious good people and we desperately need more unconscious good people becoming conscious” (Beck & Cable, 2010).
This quote really spoke to me. I think the right piece of art can truly do so much. A good piece of art makes the viewer think, whether this is a simple thought such as “where is this”, or perhaps a more complex thought regarding the symbolism, story behind the piece, etc. Any question is a good question because it awakens curiosity in the mind. Once one question is asked, it opens the door for a million others. Art can simply represent a place, or it can represent a story, a goal, a message.
Nature is a great subject for art interpretation, and can be represented beautifully in visual arts, poetry, storytelling, drama, music or even dance (Beck, Cable and Knudson). The right kind of art can “[enrich] art museums, folk music festivals, sculpture, photography, dance, and drama.” (Beck, Cable and Knudson). All of these mediums may speak to the audience in different ways, and different people may connect to certain types more than others. As an interpreter, the main goal is to connect with your audience, and all interpreters should at least consider how art may be used towards this goal. “The greatest interpreters make their best works within the hearts and minds of those they interpret to” (Beck, Cable and Knudson).
“Interpretation should instill in people the ability, and the desire, to sense the beauty in their surroundings –to provide spiritual uplift and to encourage resource preservation” (Beck & Cable, 2011).
This is one of the principles of nature interpretation associated with the Gift of Beauty. I think this statement is very powerful and speaks to the true intention of art. Art is such a strong form of self-expression, and really provides a chance to fully see something for what it is and figure out what is appealing about it. I’ve always found that art makes me see the beauty in everything. To spend an extended period of time looking at a shape, a colour, the light and the shade, it makes you see how beautiful the subject is. I’ve never truly walked away from a subject without having a moment to admire the beauty of it. Even if something may not be traditionally beautiful, art makes you appreciate it for what it is. You cannot change the tree that appears to be disfigured, but you can appreciate the knots, the shape of the misaligned branches, the uniqueness that arises from the imperfections. That is the Gift of Beauty.
Beck, L., & Cable, T. (2010). Interpretive perspectives: A collection of essays on interpreting nature and culture. Fort Collins, CO: National Association for Interpretation. Beck, L., & Cable, T. (2011). The gifts of interpretation: Fifteen guiding principles for in-terpreting nature and culture (3rd ed.). Urbana, IL: Sagamore. Beck, L., Cable, T. T., & Knudson, D. M. (2018). Interpreting cultural and natural heritage: For A Better World. SAGAMORE Publishing, Sagamore Venture. Edwards, Y. (1979). The land speaks. Toronto, ON: The National and Provincial Parks Association of Canada.
Hi Zoe,
I loved how personal you made this blog post because it made it very enjoyable and engaging to read! I loved your analysis of art as a connection tool and a lifelong passion. I like how you characterize art as a means of appreciating and interacting with the world, in addition to being a vehicle for self-expression. The idea of your mother preserving all of your artwork, from early sketches to current work is so sweet. I think it is great that she encouraged you to find something you love such as art. This illustrates the sentimental and personal significance that art has for both your life and your mother's and provides a good sense of why you are about to interpret nature through art so thoroughly.
I found your decision to leave the animation industry because of AI’s growing influence very intriguing. I think it is very sad how many hard-working passionate people are getting laid off due to the convenience of technology. Do you believe that the raw emotion one feels when taking in human-made art can ever be fully captured by AI-generated art? Your viewpoint as an artist and someone pursuing a career in zoology can be very insightful. I'm curious if you see similarities between the observational abilities you developed in art and those required for nature studies.
Your explanation of how art enhances one's perception of the universe was excellent as well. I had never given much thought to the notion that viewing a subject through the lens of art compels one to appreciate its beauty despite its flaws. You mention that art enables one to "fully see something for what it is and figure out what is appealing about it," and I agree with that. I've discovered that art alters my perspective on the world, whether it be through painting, photography, or simply pausing to observe the intricacies in my environment. Do you believe that your perspective on beauty in art has affected the way you handle other facets of life? Your example of a “disfigured” tree being seen for its knots and unique branches beautifully illustrates how art shifts our perception and is a metaphor I have never heard before but one that resonated. Your reflections reminded me that art isn't just about creation, but about connection, curiosity, and seeing the world with new eyes. Thank you for sharing your perspective!
-Sophie
Unit 4 Blog Post: Who are you to interpret nature through art? How do you interpret “the gift of beauty”?
Who am I to Interpret Nature through Art?
To my knowledge, I have never interpreted nature through art because I wouldn’t consider myself an artist. So when answering the question “Who am I to interpret nature through art?”, I would say I am nobody. However, through this unit, I realized that being an “artist” can mean more than just being talented at painting or sculpting, yet more about feeling specific emotions when you look at art, being able to tell stories through pictures, or making connections with nature. According to the textbook, art acts as a conduit between the viewer and the tales, feelings, and beauty of nature (Beck, Cable, & Knudson, 2018). Anyone may admire or share nature's wonder, whether it be through a painting, or in our case a blog post, so you don't have to be an artist to share this interpretation. This is best demonstrated by the work of the Group of Seven, discussed in lecture. Their portrayals of the Canadian wilderness have influenced national identity while illuminating the intellectual and emotional bonds that people have with their natural surroundings.
Ideas that we frequently ignore in our fast-paced society are highlighted in Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi's TED Talk on the secret to happiness. He highlights that meaningful experiences that enable us to interact with the world are the ultimate source of happiness rather than material belongings. Nature is one of our greatest blessings since it can inspire, ground us, and instill a sense of calm. But to enjoy this gift, we must slow down and pay attention (Csikszentmihalyi, 2004). As a university student working part-time while trying to balance family and friends, I sometimes forget to truly appreciate my surroundings and recognize how fortunate I am to have a busy schedule. Csikszentmihalyi’s TED Talk was a reminder of this. He also proposed ‘the idea of flow’, in which making art, whether it be drawing a tree, taking a sunset photo, or hiking, becomes a happy, engrossing experience (Csikszentmihalyi, 2004).Each time I share my appreciation for nature, I am helping others see the beauty I see.
How to interpret "the gift of beauty"
But how do I personally interpret “the gift of beauty”? The textbook states, “Discovering the beauty in the workmanship of a piece of antique furniture, in a special adaptation of an insect, or a majestic panoramic view is neither strictly educational nor merely ‘fun.’ It stretches the mind to something more…” (Beck, Cable, & Knudson, 2018). For me, the gift of beauty is most interpreted/ appreciated as the tranquil stillness in the morning on my balcony reading a book, or the changing colors of the leaves on campus during the fall. When this beauty is conveyed via art, it becomes a gift that may be shared with others, encouraging them to take care of the environment. Like nature itself, art museums rely heavily on interpretation, and maintaining the emotional impact they provide. We convey the significance of nature by creatively capturing its beauty, making sure that others feel the same sense of connection that we do.
In saying this, how can we be sure that our depictions of nature are accurate and fully capture its complexity? For instance, the Group of Seven's decision to leave many regions uninhabited conjures up an idealized vision of wilderness while disregarding the tales of Indigenous peoples who have long inhabited and tended to such places. This absence serves as a reminder that our interpretation of nature is a reflection of our beliefs and values rather than being objective. As interpreters, we need to preserve the facts and beauty of the settings we portray.
Overall, using art to interpret nature is a means of sharing the gift of beauty with others and expressing thanks for it. We not only improve our own lives when we take the time to observe and create, but we also inspire others to appreciate the beauty of the planet.
Beck, L., Cable, T. T., & Knudson, D. M. (2018). Interpreting cultural and natural heritage for a better world. Sagamore Publishing.
Csikszentmihalyi, M. (2004). Flow, the secret to happiness. Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi: Flow, the secret to happiness | TED Talk. https://www.ted.com/talks/mihaly_csikszentmihalyi_flow_the_secret_to_happiness/up-next
Privilege in Nature Interpretation
Nature interpretation, like many other jobs, involves different privileges among individuals. I would define privilege as advantages, special rights, and opportunities granted at birth, based on race, gender, financial status, and culture. I like to think of this as a ‘birth lottery’, we never had the opportunity or chance to choose the characteristics involved in our upbringing. Individuals with greater privilege usually are unaware until educated, while people who have less are quickly aware. Peggy McIntosh’s concept of the “invisible knapsack” accurately displays how people carry unearned advantages to help them through life without realizing. Generally speaking, privilege needs to be addressed and recognized to reach equality for all.
While nature interpretation is sharing the significance of nature and experiences to a variety of audiences, the privilege of different interpreters and audiences plays a significant role.
For starters, the access to nature and safe environments is a privilege people probably overlook. Groups of people who have barriers to interact with nature are not only unable to interpret nature, but need to make efforts to experience it leisurely. When these groups of people are the audience of different nature interpretations, it is hard for them to personally understand or relate without their own experiences. For example, individuals who were born in nature-isolated cities, may have never had the opportunity to travel and experience nature. So if they are spectating nature interpretation of huge mountains outside the city, it can be hard to get over the barrier of lacking personal experience. If I found myself reading a nature interpreter's experience of rain forests, I would have a hard time relating and truly understanding aspects of the habitat.
Hi Shelby!
I thoroughly enjoyed reading your post and your perspective of privilege in nature interpretation. Your blog post resonated with me, especially your description of privilege as a "birth lottery" and how individuals with privilege often remain unaware of it until they are educated. I also included this in my blog because it is so important to remember that as someone who has had the privilege to grow up surrounded by nature, simple things such as visiting a national park is something that I have never thought twice about, but that many people have never done. I love the way you described it as a “birth lottery”. I have never thought about it like this before but you are 100% correct. None of us can change the circumstances we are born into, whether they be one of financial security, closeness to natural areas, or cultural familiarity that could make spending time in nature feel approachable or friendly. This metaphor effectively conveys how arbitrary these benefits are and how crucial it is to recognize them while discussing equity.
I think your example of how people living in cities may never get to experience nature the same way those living physically within nature is an important aspect to remember. Your illustration of how someone from a city far from nature would find it difficult to relate to depictions of landscapes like mountains or rainforests struck me. It reminds me of how people call big cities “concrete jungles”. This term refers to an urban area densely packed with buildings, roads, and infrastructure, often with little to no natural greenery or open spaces. It symbolizes a city environment dominated by human-made structures, where nature is scarce and overshadowed by urban development. (McDonald, 2018). Keeping this in mind, it got me thinking about how nature interpreters can inadvertently leave out particular audiences if they presume a common experience with the natural world. As nature interpreters how do we help those who have never had the opportunity to see nature up close?
Above all, your emphasis about how you would be confused if an interpreter was discussing rainforests got me thinking. Similarly, I would be confused as well because I have never actually been in a true rainforest. While I consider myself privileged in many ways, I never thought about how much of nature's interpretation relies on shared experiences that not everyone has access to. This helps me understand how crucial it is for interpreters to utilize inclusive language that fills in these gaps so that those who aren't directly exposed to these settings can still relate to, learn from, and feel a part of the story. Are there methods or anecdotes that interpreters can use that speak to those who haven't had direct encounters with nature? How can we make sure that everyone, regardless of background, can relate to and feel included in nature interpretation?
McDonald, R. I., Beatley, T., & Elmqvist, T. (2018, October 25). The green soul of the concrete jungle: The urban century, the urban psychological penalty, and the role of Nature - Sustainable Earth Reviews. BioMed Central. https://sustainableearthreviews.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s42055-018-0002-5
