#binomial name

[planta-arundinis]

Triticum durum L. [Durum wheat]

trīticum noun, neuter; second declension

wheat, a kind of grain

trītus participle; first/second declension

rubbed, triturated

worn out or away

dūrus adjective; first/second declension

hard, rough (of a touch)

harsh (of a taste)

hardy, vigorous

unyielding, unfeeling, stern

oppressive, severe

[planta-arundinis]

Triticum aestivum L. [Common wheat]

trīticum noun, neuter; second declension

wheat, a kind of grain

trītus participle; first/second declension

rubbed, triturated

worn out or away

aestīvus adjective; first/second declension

summer (attributive)

aestās noun, feminine; third declension

summer

[planta-arundinis]

Solanum tuberosum L. [Potato]

solanum noun, neuter

belladonna or deadly nightshade

tūberōsus adjective; first/second declension

lumpy (full of protuberances)

tūber noun, neuter; third declension

a hump, bump, swelling, protuberance; excrescence

the cyclamen or other similar plants with tuberous roots

a truffle (any of various edible fungi, of the genus Tuber)

-ōsus suffix; first/second declension

-ose, -ous; full of, prone to. Used to form adjectives from nouns.

[planta-arundinis]

Sambucus nigra L. [European black elderberry/elder]

sambūcus noun, feminine; 2nd declension

elder tree, elderberry

niger adjective; 1st/2nd declension

black

[planta-arundinis]

Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn [Bracken]

Pteridium noun, neuter

"related to fern"

Pteris proper noun, feninine

A taxonomic genus within the family Pteridaceae — the brakes, tropical and subtropical ferns

pterus adjective; 1st/2nd declension

winged

πτερόν (pteron) noun, neuter; 2nd declension

feather

wing

Any winged creature

Any wing-like object

-idium suffix 

used to form names of plant or fungus structures, or less commonly, names of animal parts

aquilīnus adjective; 1st/2nd declension

of or pertaining to the eagle, aquiline

aquila noun, feminine; 1st declension

an eagle

An eagle as the standard carried by a Roman legion

-īnus suffix; 1st/2nd declension

of or pertaining to; -ine; usually indicates a relationship of position, possession, or origin

[planta-arundinis]

Castanea sativa Mill. [Chestnut]

castanea noun, feminine; 1st declension

a chestnut tree

a chestnut (nut)

καστάνεια (kastaneia) or κάστανον (kastanon) noun, neuter; 2nd declension

satīvus adjective; 1st/2nd declension

sown, planted

serō verb; 3rd conjugation

I sow, plant.

(of persons) I beget, bring forth, produce.

(figuratively) I found, establish; scatter, spread, disseminate; propagate; excite; cause, produce.

-īvus suffix; 1st/2nd declension

Adjective suffix, often added to the perfect passive participle of verbs.

[planta-arundinis]

Fagus sylvatica L. [Common beech]

fāgus noun, feminine; second declension

beech tree

sylvāticus or silvāticus adjective; first/second declension

of the woods, sylvan

wild (not domesticated or farmed)

silva noun, feminine; first declension

A wood, forest

An orchard, grove

[planta-arundinis]

Platanus × acerifolia (Aiton) Willd. [London plane]

platanus noun, feminine; second declension

planetree, sycamore

acerifolius adjective; first/second declension

maple-leafed

acer noun neuter; third declension

maple tree

accusative singular of acer

vocative singular of acer

folium noun neuter; second declension

a leaf

a petal

a sheet or leaf of paper

(figuratively) trifle, thing of no consequence