India A Developing Country
1) Difference Between Developed Countries And Developing Countries
Exceeding even the $12,000 GDP does not automatically qualify a country as being developed. Developed countries share several other characteristics:
They are highly industrialized.
Their birth and death rates are stable. They do not have excessively high birth rates because, thanks to quality medical care and high living standards, infant mortality rates are low. Families do not feel the need to have high numbers of children with the expectation that some will not survive. No developed country has an infant mortality rate higher than 10 per 1,000 live births. In terms of life expectancy, all developed countries boast numbers greater than 70 years; many average 80.
They have more women working, particularly in high-ranking executive positions. These career-oriented women frequently choose to have smaller families or eschew having children altogether.
They use a disproportionate amount of the world's resources, such as oil. In developed countries, more people drive cars, fly on airplanes, and power their homes with electricity and gas. Inhabitants of developing countries often do not have access to technologies that require the use of these resources.
They have higher levels of debt. Nations with developing economies cannot obtain the kind of seemingly bottomless financing that more developed nations can.
2) Low Per Capita Income (PCI)
According to the International Monetary Fund’s Report, in 2017, India’s PCI was $ 1983 and was ranked 140 out of 188 countries.
Further, according to the World Bank’s Report, in 2017, India’s PCI was $ 1940 and was ranked 138 out of 184 countries.
Therefore, we can conclude that the per capita income of an Indian resident is lower than most countries in the world.
3) Occupational Pattern – Primary Producing
One of the fundamental characteristics of India as a developing economy is that it is majorly primary producing. What this means is that a majority of the population is engaged in agriculture (around 52 percent).
However, in 2011-12, the contribution of agriculture to the national income was only 13.9 percent. This disparity is slowing India’s progress.
The reason behind this difference is that agriculture is a low income earning sector. Also, productivity per person engaged in agriculture is very low.
Try to read this number: 1,362,099,836.It is 1.36 billion – the population of India as on January 17, 2019, 21:30 hours. We are the second most populated country in the world and our population is equivalent to around 17.74% of the total world population.In India, the high levels of illiteracy lead to a high level of birth rates. Further, improvement in medical facilities has increased the average life of an Indian citizen and led to a decline in the death rates too.
In India there are no such uniformity during the plan periods as far as industrial growth is concerned. Indian industries during the Third Five Year Plan observed a decent growth of about 8%), but thereafter industrial stagnancy took place. In 1976-77, the growth was abnormally high, but it decreased steadily during 1979 80. Again, it rose up during 80’s, According to Economic Survey, the average] annual industrial growth rate in India which was 5.6% in First Fiver Year Plan had increased to 8.6% during The Tenth Fiver Year Plan.
6) Chronic Unemployment and Under-Employment in India
Due to the deficiency of capital in India, it is difficult to engage the entire population in gainful employment.Therefore, a cheap labor force is available in abundance. As a result, there is chronic unemployment and under-employment in our country.
7) Inequality in Wealth/Asset Distribution
Unequal asset distribution is the primary cause of inequality in income distribution in rural areas.This inequality also highlights the fact that the resource base of 50 percent of households in India is weak.It is so weak that it can barely provide them with anything above the subsistence level of income.
8) Low-levels of Technology
India is a country of eclectic mixes. One one side, a company uses one of the most modern technologies while another company from the same industry uses the most primitive one.Unfortunately, according to modern scientific standards, the majority of products are made with the help of inferior technologies.If you take a simple look at the productivity of a developed and underdeveloped nation, then the developed nation has better productivity since it uses superior technologies.