#dutch ship

[krumpkin]

Oosterschelde Constructed in ( 1918 ) based in Rotterdam 😁

[ltwilliammowett]

Orandasen zusetsu (Illustration of a Dutch Ship), by Anonymous (Japan, Edo Period, 18th Century)

[heaveninawildflower]

Dutch ship (1860).

Japanese woodblock print.

Image and text information courtesy NYPL Digital Collection.

[ltwilliammowett]

Dutch ship in storm off coast, by Cheri Francois Marguerite Dubreuil (French, 1828-c.1880)

[ltwilliammowett]

A small Dutch Ship riding out a Storm, by Willem van de Velde the Younger, 17th Century

[ltwilliammowett]

Fluyt

A Fluyt or Fleute, Fluite, Fluit, Fliete, called Vliete was a Dutch ship from the 16th century. This pure merchant ship, which was built strictly according to economic aspects, renounced almost all elements and components used for representation or military purposes in favour of favourable manufacturing costs. But it was the second type of ship next to the cog that spread in the Mediterranean area. She had only little or no decorated superstructures at bow and stern. In contrast to the carousels and galleons usual at that time, a continuous middle deck was dispensed with in favour of the loading capacity. Thus the Fleute was at that time one of the few ship types which could not be converted to a military or buccaneer ship due to the lack of a usable cannon deck.

A Fluyt Dutch Cargo Vessel 1770-78 Copper Plate Engraving (c) Goldiers

The most conspicuous visible feature of the Fleute was its unconventional design with a bulbous hold with a round stern and a narrow deck due to the strongly inward curved ribs: a shape which was achieved exclusively by adapting the merchant ship to Danish customs regulations. The Danes calculated the customs duty for the important passage of the trade route into the Baltic Sea according to the size of the deck area.

Model of a Lübecker Fleute, 1726 © DHM

From a technical point of view, however, the Fleute developed independently from smaller coastal vessels, which were constantly enlarged, primarily from the Dutch Bojer. The Fleute was thus a completely new type of ship, Dutch in origin, which, unlike most of the ships of its time, was not a further development of the galleon. The Fleute had a comparatively low draught, adapted to the shallow Dutch ports. Looking at the cross-section of the ship's hull, it is almost round up to the base of the concave side walls of the superstructure. Nevertheless, this ship type had unusually high masts in relation to its overall size. The yards were shorter in comparison to a galleon and the sails were thus noticeably narrower and higher. On the two foremasts the Fleute carried two square sails, on the aft mast one square and one latin sail and on the bowsprit a blind woman. Later the fleute got a third square sail and the bowsprit an upper blind. This made the fleute much easier to sail than a galleon. Because you just needed 8- 20 Men.

Dutch Fleuten around 1647, etching by Wenzel Hollar (c) Wenceslas Hollar Digital Collection

Towards the stern the deck rose, as was usual for many types of ships at that time. The stern was completed with a stern superstructure, which was only equipped with a narrow mirror wall above the waterline. In terms of construction, however, the superstructures were much more strongly integrated into the hull structure than the block-like castles of the caravels or galleons. In fact, it was a very slim ship for its time. This impression was probably reinforced by the high masts and the narrow sails. Over time, the basis for calculating customs duties was changed and the decks of the Fleuten were subsequently broadened. This type of ship was replaced by the Galiot in the 18th Century, a ship with a flat keel that was suitable for coastal shipping.

[ltwilliammowett]

Replica of the Dutch pinass ship Kalmar Nyckel from 1625

The Pinassship, originally called Pinas, was a three-mast ship of the 17th century from the Netherlands, which was mainly used as a heavily armed merchant ship in East India or for triangular trips in the American trade. Since the Pinass ships were often also used for trading in South and Southeast Asian waters, the Pinass ship is one of the older types of ships which are summarized under the collective term East Indians. Since pinnas ships were very fast, manoeuvrable sailors with low draught and had a gun deck, this type of ship was also used for military purposes and by pirates or privateers.