Manufacturing Process of Synthetic Yarn
Summary
Yarn is extremely important for industrial and household use. This article looks at the major process by which yarn is manufactured, including textured yarn, synthetic dope dyed yarn, and high bulk yarn.
Yarn is several strands of fiber twisted together. Each strand is made of shorter fibers, which are spun into longer filaments to make the yarn. Some long continuous strands of fibre usually only need additional twisting to style them into yarns, however, sometimes long filament yarns go through an additional process called texturing.
Manufacturing process of yarn
Yarn is manufactured by mainly three major spinning methods–cotton, long-staple or worsted, or wool. Synthetic fibers are highly versatile and can be manufactured by dyed yarn manufacturer using any of the three methods. If one is looking for a dyed yarn manufacturer, one need only search online.
There are three main processes to manufacture yarn, both synthetic and natural. Since more yarn is produced using the cotton process than the other two processes, the manufacture of yarn, including textured yarn, synthetic dope dyed yarn, and high bulk yarn, using the cotton process is described below.
1. Fiber Preparation
Fibers are usually received by manufactures in bales, and these bales are opened by hand or with the help of machines. Natural fibers may sometimes require cleaning, while synthetic fibers only require separating. The picker has to loosen and separate the lumps of fiber and also clean the fiber if necessary. Different staple fibers may be blended for certain applications. Blending can be performed during carding, during the formation of the lap, or during drawing out. In the preparation stage, amounts of each fiber are carefully measured and their proportions are maintained consistently. This process needs to be performed for yarns, including textured yarn, synthetic dope dyed yarn, and high bulk yarn.
2. Carding
In this stage, the carding machine is set up with hundreds of fine wires that separate the different fibers and pull them into a somewhat parallel form. A thin fiber web is formed and as it continues to move along, it is made to pass through a funnel-shaped device that then produces a ropelike strand of fibers. If blending is required, it can be done by joining laps of different fibers. This process is also required for textured yarn, synthetic dope dyed yarn, and high bulk yarn.
3. Combing
This stage helps to produce smoother finer yarn by subjecting them to a further paralleling method.
4. Drawing Out
The fiber mass obtained after the carding or combing process is called a sliver. Many slivers are combined before this process. This process is also required for textured yarn, synthetic dope dyed yarn, and high bulk yarn.
5. Twisting
In this step, the sliver is fed through a machine called a roving frame. In the roving frame, fiber strands are further lengthened and twisted further. Strands obtained are called the roving.
6. Spinning
The main commercial systems used for yarn manufacturing are ring spinning and open-end spinning. The final yarn product is obtained in this stage; however, this manufacturing process of yarn is vital as the characteristics of spun yarn depends highly on the amount of twist given to the fibers during spinning. Which means a high degree of twist helps manufacture strong yarn; a low twist offers softer, more shiny yarn; and a very tight twist gives crepe yarn.
Automation in manufacturing yarn has made achieving quality yarns such as textured yarns, synthetic dope dyed yarn, and high bulk yarn, easier. This automated process offer high quality yarns, with the help of electronic controlling units, perfect control over temperature, speeds, twist; thus offering consistency and efficiency through-out the process.