McLaren is one of the most successful racing teams in motorsport history. She has 8 wins in the Constructors' Championship and 12 in the Formula 1 Drivers Championship, 5 winning seasons in the Can-Am Series, 3 wins in the Indianapolis 500 and 1 victory in the 24 Hours of Le Mans (1995). Founded in 1963 by New Zealand racer Bruce McLaren, who moved to the UK. The McLaren emblem originally featured the New Zealand flightless kiwi, but later evolved into a stylized boomerang or parachute.
It is difficult to climb the top of leadership, but it is even more difficult to stay on it. The McLaren F1 retained the title of fastest car in the world for 12 years - longer than any other supercar, including the Bugatti Veyron.
In 1988, McLaren chief designer Gordon Murray decided to return to the idea of a road car.
Murray presented team leader Ron Dennis with a design for a compact and lightweight three-seater mid-engined coupe, and in 1989 a McLaren Cars subsidiary was founded in Woking, Surrey, UK. In 1991, a number of nodes were tested on two Ultima Mk3 mules ("Albert" and "Edward"), which were subsequently destroyed.
In 1992, at the Monaco Grand Prix, there was a presentation of a pre-production model of the McLaren F1 ("Clinic Model"), built under the direction of designer Peter Stevens. Then five prototypes were tested (XP1 - XP5), and only in December 1993 the McLaren F1 officially went on sale. It became the first production car to cost over $ 1 million, but for true fans of speed, its price did not matter.
Honda has been the powertrain supplier for McLaren for many years, but it did not have a suitable naturally aspirated engine. Then Gordon Murray turned to BMW and its BMW Motorsport division, headed by Paul Roche. German engineers could not meet the required weight limits, but made up for it with more power. Their all-aluminum 60 ° V12 engine features four valves per cylinder, four chain-driven overhead camshafts (DOHC), variable valve timing, dry sump lubrication, Bosch multi-point electronic fuel injection and an exhaust system with four catalysts from alloy Inconel.
With a volume of 6064 cm3, it weighed 266 kg and developed 627 hp, consuming an average of 15 liters. gasoline per 100 km. To improve thermal insulation, the engine compartment was covered with gold foil, so 16 g of gold were included in the price of the car. The longitudinal position of the engine in front of the driving rear axle ensured an optimal weight distribution: 42% to the front wheels and 58% to the rear. The 6-speed manual transmission was mated to a Torsen LSD limited-slip differential.
Under the hood McLaren F1
The McLaren F1 was the first car on the market to use a carbon fiber monocoque. To it at four points were attached double wishbones of the front and rear independent suspension, made of aluminum and magnesium. The 17-inch wheels were also magnesium, equipped with ventilated disc brakes with 8-piston Brembo calipers and special tires 235/45 ZR17 at the front and 315/45 ZR17 at the rear, developed jointly by Goodyear and Michelin. The composite body had butterfly-wing doors and a central air intake built into the roof. The drag coefficient was 0.32, and the downforce was provided by a rear diffuser, two electric fans in the underbody and a rising adjustable rear spoiler, which also served as an air brake.
In accordance with Murray's original design, the McLaren F1's driver's seat was centered, like a Formula 1 car, and the two passenger's were on either side of it, slightly shifted back. As a result, the interior was spacious and well-visible. The trunk was virtually absent, but a small amount of luggage could be stowed in the niches in front of the rear wheels. ABS, traction control, power steering, airbags and radio were neither standard nor optional. As options were offered only Connolly leather-covered carbon seats, power windows, heated windshield, central locking and a 10-disc Kenwood stereo system. The position of the steering wheel and pedals was adjusted individually for each client. The car came with a set of suitcases, an exclusive TAG Heuer 6000 Chronometer watch and an emergency communication system with Woking.
1992 to 1998 A total of 106 McLaren F1s were built: 5 prototypes, 64 road cars, 28 McLaren F1 GTR race cars, 6 improved McLaren F1 LMs and three long tail McLaren F1 GTs. The XP1 prototype was destroyed in tests in Namibia, the XP2 in a crash test, and the XP5 in 1998 set a speed record among production models - 386.4 km / h. It took three and a half months to make each copy. In the United States, the supercar was not sold because the company did not want to bring it into line with American safety standards.
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