Publication on detecting fiber waviness using TSA method.
Elhajjar, R., Haj-Ali, R. and Wei, B., “An Infrared Thermoelastic Stress Analysis Investigation for Detecting Fiber Waviness in Composite Structures,” Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering, 53: 1251–1258, 2014
A full-field thermoelastic stress analysis infrared (TSA-IR) method is used to investigate the possibility of inspecting for out of plane fiber waviness in composite structures. Two different waviness profiles are generated and compared to control specimen having no anomalies. Tension and compression loading schemes are investigated and the TSA-IR emissions are compared to cross-sectional investigations. A subset of the specimens is also notched to investigate the thermal emissions from holes when compared to the waviness. The interaction of the hole and waviness shows the errors that can be introduced when using TSA-IR for quantitative analysis.