Spirit Level, Micrometer, Fibreglass Tapes
SPIRIT LEVEL A spirit level is an instrument designed to indicate whether a surface is horizontal (level) or vertical (plumb). Spirit levels may be used by carpenters, stonemasons, bricklayers, other building trade workers, surveyors, millwrights and other metalworkers, and in some photographic or video-graphic work. Some spirit levels are capable of indicating the level of a surface between horizontal and vertical to the nearest degree.
The spirit level was invented by Melchisedech Thevenot. Thevenot was an amateur scientist and patron of many scientists and mathematicians. He was wealthy and well-connected, later becoming the Royal Librarian to King Louis XIV of France. Thevenot invented the instrument some time before February 2, 1661. This date can be very accurately established from Thevenot's correspondence with scientist Christian Huygens. Spirit levels feature a slightly curved glass tube which is incompletely filled with a liquid, usually coloured 'spirit' leaving a bubble in the tube. The accuracy of a level, usually given in mm/m and in/in, indicates the maximum deviation of the measured slope from horizontal (or vertical), which is indicated by a perfectly centralized bubble.The level sensitivity is the relationship between the tilt angle of the spirit level and the bubble movement within the vial.Spirit levels of varying lengths are used by professional tradespeople depending on the job at hand.
Magnetic levels are widely used in metal construction work, and plumbing applications. The magnets allow the user to perform the job without holding the level, enabling the use of both hands freely. Magnetic Spirit Levels are invaluable aids to linesmen all over the world. They are ideal for construction with metal studs, or for a plumber or an electrician working around pipes and conduit. Strength of a magnet versus a spirit level’s weight is an important test for quality.
MICROMETER A micrometer is a device incorporating a calibrated screw used widely for precise measurement of small distances in mechanical engineering and machining as well as most mechanical trades. Outside micrometer is typically used to measure wires, spheres, shafts and blocks. Micrometers use the principle of a screw to amplify small distances that are too small to measure directly into large rotations of the screw that are big enough to read from a scale.Machinists, manufacturing and engine professionals use an outside micrometer to measure the outside diameter of a cylindrical or spherical object to one ten-thousandth of an inch (.0001). Micrometers typically measure in ranges of 1”.
An outside micrometer consists of a C-shape frame with an anvil and a threaded spindle. The thread is the precision ground to ensure uniform movement of the spindle toward or away from the anvil. The spindle moves as it is rotated in the stationary spindle nut. A graduated stationary sleeve and a graduated rotating thimble are the basis for determining measurement.
FIBREGLASS TAPES Fibreglass is a fibre reinforced polymer made of a plastic matrix reinforced by fine fibres of glass. Fiberglass is a lightweight, extremely strong, and robust material. Composed of twisted strands of fiberglass woven at right angles to one another, its resistance to high temperatures makes it ideal for wrapping electrical cable. Fiberglass tape is generally easier to use than its paper counterpart.With the adhesive side down, its flexibility lends itself to moulding to the shape of what it is covering or securing. It also has woven edges to prevent unravelling. The tensile strength of fiberglass tape makes it tough enough for use on irrigation lines, pipelines and sewer lines. It does notrot when exposed to constant moisture.