Augustus (23 September 63 BC - 19 August 14 AD), also called Augustus Caesar or (until 27 BCE) Octavian, was the first emperor of ancient Rome, rule from 27 BC until his death in AD 14. He is well known for initiating the Pax Romana, a largely peaceful period of two centuries in Rome. In 27 BCE, Augustus “restored” the republic of Rome, though he himself retained all real power as the leader, or “first citizen,” of Rome.















