The Rise of Floating Solar Technology in India
As the world grapples with climate change and a growing demand for clean energy, innovation in renewable energy has taken center stage. One of the most promising advancements in recent years is floating solar technology—a solution that utilizes water bodies to generate electricity through solar panels mounted on floating platforms.
India, with its ambitious renewable energy targets and vast network of reservoirs, lakes, and dams, is emerging as a key player in this space. The country’s geography and climate make it an ideal candidate for scaling this innovative technology, and several floating solar companies in India are already leading the charge.
What is Floating Solar Technology?
Floating solar, also known as floating photovoltaic (FPV) systems, involves installing solar panels on water bodies like lakes, reservoirs, and industrial water storage facilities. These floating solar arrays are anchored to ensure they stay in place and can be scaled depending on the size of the water body.
This technology offers several advantages:
Land conservation: No need for large land parcels.
Increased efficiency: Water cools the panels, improving performance.
Reduced water evaporation: Panels act as a shield, preserving water in reservoirs.
Environmental benefits: Lower impact on local ecosystems compared to land-based installations.
Growth of Floating Solar in India
India is targeting 500 GW of non-fossil fuel energy capacity by 2030, and floating solar is expected to play a significant role in achieving this goal. With over 5,000 large dams and countless other water bodies, India has the potential to install over 280 GW of floating solar capacity.
Some of the largest floating solar companies in India are already developing or operating key projects:
1. NTPC Limited
India’s largest power utility has launched several floating solar projects across states like Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, and Andhra Pradesh. Its 100 MW plant at Ramagundam, Telangana is one of the biggest in the country.
2. Tata Power Solar
A subsidiary of the Tata Group, Tata Power Solar has ventured into floating solar projects and has been involved in both government and private sector initiatives.
3. ReNew Power
This renewable energy giant is exploring FPV systems as part of its diversification strategy. ReNew Power’s innovative approach to large-scale clean energy projects includes floating solar deployments in states like Maharashtra and Karnataka.
4. Adani Green Energy
Adani Group, a major player in India's solar sector, is exploring floating solar options to complement its vast portfolio of land-based solar installations.
5. Jakson Group
Known for its EPC services in solar energy, Jakson has expanded its offerings to include floating solar technology and has partnered with various public and private entities to deploy FPV systems.
Challenges and the Road Ahead
While promising, floating solar technology in India faces challenges including high initial costs, technical complexities in anchoring and maintenance, and the need for policy clarity. However, with increasing R&D investment, falling solar panel costs, and growing support from the government, these hurdles are expected to diminish.
The Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE) has recognized the potential of floating solar and is encouraging public sector undertakings (PSUs) and private companies to invest in this domain.
Conclusion
As India continues its journey toward a greener future, floating solar technology stands out as an innovative and practical solution to meet rising energy demands while conserving land and water resources. With a growing number of floating solar companies in India stepping up to the challenge, the country is well-positioned to become a global leader in this transformative sector.