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The objective of this study is to determine the health outcomes from services delivered to the poor by private for-profit, private non-profit and public-sector providers, and the trade-offs between these different sources of care for low and middle-income countries (LMIC). The review asks what is known regarding the relative morbidity or mortality outcomes that result from treatment by public or private providers in LMIC.
The document is one of the studies under the GEF / MFA / UNDP "Adaptation to Climate Change through an Effective Water Governance in Ecuador - PACC." It presents a portrait of current vulnerability to climate and climate variability in six key watershed in Ecuador with emphasis on water resources. The study describes and analyzes the major components of climate risk: threats, sensitivity and exposure of people and agriculture, and the response capacity of institutions dealing with the problem. A vulnerability analysis is performed assuming that the threat - climate - is dynamic, not only by nature but by the climate change phenomenon that alters both the mean values of climatic variables (rainfall, temperature, etc.) and the frequency and intensity of extreme weather events (storms, droughts, etc..). The original document is in Spanish.
This brief uses original modelling to provide the IISD view of the likely impacts of the proposed regulations to coal-fired power plants in Canada, including: the reduction of emissions, the cost of reductions, and replacement by natural gas. It also looks into the range of possible technologies which could be deployed to fill the gap.
This paper calls for greater dialogue and interaction between sustainable development and ICT/Internet public policymakers and activists, based upon a greater understanding of these different domains and of their complexities.
This book aims to addresses some of the weaknesses of typical first or second ICT in education courses that overemphasize learning computer applications and underemphasize other aspects of the field of ICT in education. The book focuses on general topics such as ICT in curriculum, instruction, assessment, increasing problem-solving expertise of students, and in other aspects of a teacher’s professional work. The emphasis is on higher-order knowledge and skills.
This study examines the extent and characteristics of ICT usage among 384 junior high and high school students in Israel. Its focus is on (a) the purpose and patterns of ICT usage, with focus on the Internet, by 12-18-year-old youngsters; (b) gender and age differences in ICT use; (c) the linkage between ICT usage and school activities; and (d) the students’ perception of their own ICT level of knowledge. The findings show that ICT is being used by 90% of the research population, and the Internet by about 50% of the students.
A number of established multilateral regimes offer important avenues for climate mitigation efforts complementary to those of the U.N. Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC ). Tackling discrete dimensions of the climate challenge in regional, sectoral and other global venues can yield action on multiple fronts, contributing toward closing the gap between national pledges and the UNFCCC goal of limiting warming to 2 degrees Celsius. This brief examines ongoing and potential efforts in the International Maritime Organisation, the International Civil Aviation Organisation, the Montreal Protocol, and the Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution.
In this paper several of the possible impacts of continued, relatively unrestrained greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions over the next half-century are explored. These impacts, though not always highly likely, are plausible. In particular, the focus is on already stressed systems that are vulnerable to being driven over the edge or past a tipping by either a radical or a gradual shifts in climate. In so doing it offers a "system vulnerability approach" to understanding and anticipating climate change disruptions. In conclusion, both the security implications of the climate change impacts discussed in this paper, and the analytic opportunities provided by the systems vulnerability approach are considered.
