Crash Course Anatomy & Physiology Notes
Part 1, Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology "Every movement you make, and every new day that you live to see, is the result of a collection of systems working together to function properly."
anatomy act provided corpses from those that were executed
complementary of structure - basic idea that what a structure can do depends on its form
chemical > cellular > tissues > organs > organ systems > the body
the body is the highest level of organization, while chemical is the lowest level
homeostasis - the ability to maintain stable, internal conditions no matter what changes are occurring outside the body
everyone's ultimate cause of death is the extreme and irreversible loss of homeostasis
loss of homeostasis is the cause of most injuries
anatomical position - body is erect and facing forward, with arms at the sides and palms forward
standing upright
head and eyes directed straight ahead
upper limbs at the sides
upper limbs slightly away from the trunk
palms facing forward
thumbs pointing away from body
lower limbs parallel
feet flat on the ground and facing forward
the body's anatomy is split into different planes
sagittal (median) plane comes down vertically and divides a body or organ in left and right parts, plane parallel is called the parasagittal
coronal (frontal) plane splits everything vertically into front and back
transverse (horizontal) plane divides the body top and bottom
axial parts - everything in line with the center of the body, the head, neck, and trunk
appendicular parts - arms, legs, and appendages
anterior (ventral) - everything at the front of your body
posterior (dorsal) - everything at the back of your body
superior (cranial) - features towards the top of the body, like the head
inferior (caudal) - features towards the bottom of the body
structures toward the midline of your body are medial, and structures further away from the midline are lateral
proximal - areas closer towards the center of the trunk
distal - areas further from the trunk