The marbled reed frog [also known as the painted reed frog, Hyperolius marmoratus] is a species found in southeastern Africa. Like many reed frogs, these frogs inhabit a wide range of different environments, from savannah and grassland to gardens and pastureland. Images by Dr. Peter Janzen.
The marbled reed frog or painted reed frog (Hyperolius marmoratus) is a species of frogs in the family Hyperoliidae found in south-eastern Africa. It occurs in a wide range of natural habitats, including forests, savannas, shrublands, grasslands, rivers, swamps, freshwater lakes, and intermittent freshwater lakes. Species in the genus Hyperolius may display different colouration and patterns during day and night. Daylight colours are usually pale and drab, while their night-time appearance is colourful and eye-catching
A medium-sized Hyperolius with a maximum body length of about 33 mm (just over an inch long). The adult color pattern is extremely variable and has led to many systematic and nomenclatural uncertainties about this ‘superspecies’. The pattern varies from distinct stripes through to vermiculations, dots and splotches, and the colours of the patterns vary from dark brown or black through to yellow and peppermint green. Juvenile males appear to be overall brown during their first breeding season.
This species shows developmental changes in patterning, with two phases defined in Schiøtz (1999), J (juveniles and many mature males) and F (mature females and some mature males). All newly metamorphosed individuals are phase J, which is normally brownish to green with paired light dorsolateral lines, or an hourglass pattern. All females, and some males, develop into phase F before the first breeding season. Phase F is often colorful and variable, showing the diagnostic color characteristics for the species or subspecies. Either well-defined morphs may be present, or graded variation.
The adults aestivate during the dry season, and have been found sheltering some distance from their breeding sites in vegetation or under logs and stones. During this time they often take up residence inside houses, where they conceal themselves behind cupboards, pelmets, pictures and in toilet cisterns.
During the day, adults usually move into the canopy of surrounding trees or bask in the sun on emergent vegetation at the edge of the breeding site. H. marmoratus utilise a wide variety of breeding sites, ranging from temporary ponds and seepages to permanent bodies of water such as dams, marshes, reedbeds, sluggish rivers and streams. At dusk they descend to the pond where males take up specific call sites (which they return to on consecutive nights) and call consistently from dusk to just after midnight. Where present, tall emergent plants such as reeds and sedges are favored as call sites.
Although males will call after rain at any time of the year, breeding normally takes place from October to February. On average, males only call for a few nights in a row, returning to the breeding chorus after a period of about 10 days. Females have been observed to lay more than one clutch of eggs per season with a month long interval between layings. Tadpoles hatch within 5 days and metamorphosis takes about 6-8 weeks.
The major threat to this species is habitat loss through drainage of wetlands and afforestation. In several areas of prime habitat, the planting of exotic Eucalyptus forests has lowered the water table to such a degree that many ponds within the coastal dune forest have completely disappeared. The Painted Reed Frog is locally abundant and sub-populations often consist of hundreds or occasionally thousands of individuals. They occur in many protected areas including National Parks and appear not to require any further conservation action.
Also known as the painted reed frog, the marbled reed frog is a species of Hyperoliid frog which is known to occur in the countries of Malawi, Mozambique, South Africa, Swaziland, and Zimbabwe, and Botswana, Lesotho, and Tanzania. Marbled reed frogs are known to inhabit a wide range of habitats, including shrublands, swamps, lakes/rivers, and even in some urban areas.
Success breeds success in mating male Marbled reed frogs
A beautiful shot of a Marbled reed frog or Painted reed frog, Hyperolius marmoratus (Hyperoliidae), an African species.
Studies in mating behavior of this species have shown that individual males who mate on a given night enjoy a higher probability of being successful on the next night, suggesting that this is because successful mating enables males to conserve energy.