i have about an acre of severely overground land - so thickly grown over that you literally can't walk through it, and before the main fence went around it even the deer didn't walk through it but went around it. it's like a jungle with vines (blackberry & poison oak), a few types of brush and a few different species of trees. it needs to be cleared - or at least majorly thinned - because as it is it's a huge fire danger during the very dry summer we get here.
i've tried just cutting the trees that i could reach, and that works great for pines - cut it and done. oaks however sprout zillions of shoots from the stump if you cut them (you have just coppiced the tree). that's fine if you're just trying to reduce height but it's actually counter to the goal of reducing fire danger as the shoots are even more vulnerable to fire than before.
unfortunately, pulling the trees which is the alternative has always been very difficult; i've tried pushing them over with the tractor but they usually just break, and pulling them out with the tractor works if they're small but once they're more than two inches thick they tend to hold on too well, and you really need to pull up and the tractor can only do so much of that. the ground here most of the time is super hard - only when it's been raining a fair amount does stuff soften up.
so last year i decided to make something to help in pulling trees - called it the "A-frame" for soon-to-be obvious reason. it worked pretty well if the soil was moist as the ground is looser then, but i was severely traction-limited and really not able to pull much more out as the tractor tires slipped in the moist soil.
well a couple months ago i picked up a winch for the truck, and i figured i'd give the A-frame a try with the winch - not that the winch can actually pull harder than the tractor, but i can actually anchor the truck to a big tree and then use the winch to pull without losing traction - the tractor pulls by moving so it can't actually be anchored.
so today was the day to try the A-frame:
the experiment was a success -- i had tried to pull this post out with the tractor, and it just wasn't budging. i could've broken it off at the bottom*, but it definitely wasn't coming out of the ground especially with that huge clod of concrete at the bottom.
so what's the idea here, how's it work?
it's called "mechanical advantage"; basically the idea is to use something that essentially multiplies your pulling force. think of levers - given a long enough lever, and a fulcrum, and you can move the world (so said Archimedes); pulleys also work by multiplying pulling forces.
how this mechanism works is that when you tip the A-frame, the line pulling it shortens a lot more than the line from the A-frame to the post - in fact, for every inch the post gets pulled up, the main line going to the truck gets pulled almost six inches; this means that there's almost a 6:1 mechanical advantage, and one pound of effort on the winch line results in six pounds at the post:
(there's some minor trig involved in getting the decimal numbers)
(the mechanical advantage varies as the angles change - the advantage is highest right at the beginning and as the A-frame tips it reduces; the advantage also varies with how close the A-frame is to the post and how far it is to the winch.)
of course the primary thing for my purpose is that the truck can be stationary while pulling (as it's powering the winch); more to the point it can be anchored. in this demonstration case with the fence post, it wasn't actually anchored and during the pull it actually got pulled slightly towards the post, but i could've anchored it if needed.
after the test, i decided to go to my jungle space and clear some minor brush so that i could actually access a tree to try the A-frame on.
as it happens, the soil conditions were perfect today, and before i knew it i had pushed over an oak tree by accident as i was pushing through some brush - usually they stop the tractor! it had been pushed with ridiculously little effort and in all i made a HUGE mess in just ten minutes which will take me a week to make into piles that can be set aside to chip or dry for burning ... so tomorrow i'll probably try the A-frame on a much larger tree than i'd ever expected to pull.
[*: i hadn't realized just how much concrete was at the bottom of that post and so i'm probably going to cut the post off above the concrete and then shove the rest of it back into the ground; it's right next to a drive going to the barn so it won't be a long-term problem having concrete in the ground there]