A week or two before I moved to China I took a few emergency Mandarin classes. Mainly because I suddenly realised I was about to move to a place four airplane rides away from home that is renowned for eating anything that moves, and I had no idea how to tell them that I don't like eating things that move:
I don't eat meat > Wǒ bù chī ròu > 我不吃肉
I haven't learned a great deal since then, and what I have learned centres around shopping, eating and getting home in a taxi. But my not speaking Chinese is not an issue to Chinese people. You see, China is a massive country with over a billion people and countless dialects, but only one written language. So when a waiter or taxi driver is trying to tell you something and you're making it clear you have no clue what they're saying, they just write it down for you.
Because it makes sense to them that even though I can't *speak* Chinese, I can probably read it.
That said, a pictorial language definitely has advantages. Did you know China has a significantly less dyslexia than the English-speaking world? Something about the part of the brain where written language is stored.
Chinese is also a tonal language: any sound can mean different things depending on how you say it. I'm no expert on tones (ask any Chinese person I've ever tried to speak to!), but to equate this to the English language, it's the difference between 'Oh!', 'Oh?' and 'Oh'. Same sound, completely different meaning. In Chinese, as I'm sure you know, each word has its own individual character, which poses problems for foreign brands that want to conquer the Chinese market. They can't simply come in calling themselves 'Coca Cola' because Chinese people's eyes skim past the Roman alphabet in exactly the same way mine do with Chinese words. So they re-brand, choosing Chinese words that sound similar to the brand name (or not) but that convey something of what they think you should associate with their product. So:
Coca Cola > Kěkǒukělè > 可口可 乐 which literally means 'good to eat approve happy'
Pepsi Cola > Bǎishìkělè > 百事可 乐 which translates to 'hundred things approve happy'
Sprite > Jīnglíng > 精灵, meaning 'refined clever'