Router
Routers - Router Does Exactly What Its Name Implies. A Router Is A Device That Routes And Forwards Data(Packets) From One Network To Another Network Based On Their IP Address. When The Data Packet Is Received By The Router, The Router Inspects The Packet And Determines If The Packet Is Meant For Its Own Network Or If Its Meant For An Another Network. If The Router Determines That The Data Packet Is Meant For Its Own Network, It Receives It. But If It's Not Meant For Its Own Network, It Sends It Off To Other Network. So A Router Is Essentially A Gateway For A Network.
So Let's Go And Demonstrate This.
See The Below Picture, Here We Have A Private Network(2 Computers) With Its Router, We Call This Network As Red Network.
If You Observe Yellow Arrow There Are Different Colored Data Packets Entering To Red Colored Network Router From The Internet. The Router Is Only Going To Accept The Red Data(File) Packets Because They Are The Only Ones That Are Intended For This Network. So All Of The Other Data Packets The Yellow's Green's Orange's Etc, Will Be Rejected By This Router Because They Were Not Intended For This Network.
Now This Is The Very Simplify Illustration Of How A Router Works. But I Think You'll Get The Idea. Here Below Shown Figure Is The Expanded View Of Routers Over The Internet, There Are Four Networks Here Indicated By Different Colours, And Each Network Has Its Own Router. Now Notice How The Router Send Data, Notice That One Computer Wants To Send Data To Other Computer On The Same Network, The Data Packet Release In Their Own Network. Because The Router Knows What Belongs Inside And Outside Of Network.
But When Computer Wants To Send Data Packet To A Computer On Different Network. The Router Allows It. For Example, Notice How The Router On The Red Network Allows The Orange, Blue, And Green Data Packets Pass By So They Can Go To Their Intended Destination, Orange Packet Goes To The Orange Network, The Blue Packet Goes To The Blue Network, The Green Packet Goes To The Green Network. And Same Goes To All The Other Networks.
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