Soft Brown Scale Insect - Coccus hesperidum
Despite winter's cold slowing things down in the insect world, that doesn't mean that things stop altogether, as can be evidenced with these tiny ovals. If you look a little closer beneath the waxy cuticle and you'll find features that correspond with more conventional insects. There's more to this appearance than meets the eye, but that will be discussed later on. While in nature, these small insects would be dormant until warmer weather arrives, any individuals fortunate enough to climb onto an indoor plant (from the outside) and experience consistently warm temperatures can ride out the colder days while indulging themselves with as food as they want without interference from natural predators. It's a pretty nice life...until the infestation is discovered, as was the case in these pictures. In the previous post featuring Scale Insects on this blog, there were only a handful of individuals planted on a ficus rubber plant; the thick and toxic sap doesn't necessarily provide the best environment. The individuals photographed here meanwhile had the perfect plant to adhere to: two young lemon trees still growing. This species of Bug has a penchant for citrus trees, and is considered a notorious pest within farming and greenhouse settings for those plants! Although Scale insects can be managed with ease, controlling them across many plants can be arduous if their numbers explode as seen in these images!
Their small size can make them difficult to account for as well, as one individual can lay a large amount of eggs and restart the infestation of tiny creatures again. Compared to my thumb, they are around the size of a blemish, and indeed, there are dozens of large individuals and (probably) hundreds of smaller individuals dotting the tree's leaves and stem! As a result of the aggregation's feeding, these poor plants have become drenched in sticky honeydew excretions. This is actually how we discovered these individuals. As a result of honeydew production, Carpenter Ants found their way inside the house in search of the sugary liquid, but haven't yet climbed up the stems to tend to the Scales. With an armored cuticle and a colony of tenders to ensure safety, the feeding activity is what causes complications to the plants that these Scales feed on, rather than the ongoing feeding itself. Accumulation of sugary material along the surface of a leaf invites mould to grow, and such a rot can spread and destroy plants rapidly if not addressed! While I'm seemingly making a big deal about this, aggregations of these Parasitic Bugs do not spell out doom and gloom. In fact, some species of Scale Insects have been used as biological controls to manage invasive plant-life be weakening them and slowing down their growth and potential for flowering and seed generation. This species, however, is not one of those controls.
Pictures were taken on April 23, 2026 with a Google Pixel 8a. If you find yourself facing Scale Insects, dubbing rubbing alcohol using a Q-tip on the Scale will suffice. The stem and leaves should also be scrubbed of honeydew and then monitored for additional aggregations.