Do you know if the Shinsengumi had any standards for who they killed? My friend thinks they wouldn't have killed women and children, but I think if they were ordered to they would've killed anyone tbh. Did they have any rules about things like that?
We know of one woman the Shinsengumi killed. Oume, the mistress of Serisawa, who was with him when the Shinsengumi assassinated Serisawa at night in his quarters. I believe other women connected with other members of Serisawa’s faction fled from the scene. Oume wasn’t a target in her own right, but the assassination was a secret, officially blamed on Choshu-connected killers, and so, she was probably eliminated as a witness. They definitely were ruthless on occasion.
Serisawa and Oume in the NHK drama Shinsengumi! I felt very saddened to find that, unlike Serisawa and the other men, she has no known marked grave.
Other than that, I don’t know of any stories/records of the Shinsengumi killing women and children, and it wasn’t very common in the Bakumatsu for women or children to be targeted. (The big caveat here is that people would have had a different idea of what age constituted childhood. Teenagers on both sides both killed and were killed.)
It definitely happened, however, that women would be killed as well as men in this era of conflict. Muryoin, the fifty-five year old mistress of one of Ii Naosuke’s retainers, was assassinated in 1863 by Sonnou Joui killers, and I can think of three court ladies who were the targets of assassination threats and plots.
Children were killed during the wars of the period. @sparrowdreams has posted one horrible account from the Boshin War. In Mito, after their civil war (aka the Tengu rebellion) in 1864, the domain government itself executed some of the wives and children of rebels, including one three-year-old child. (Read “Women of the Mito Domain” for the details.)
Bringing this back to the Shinsengumi, I think we can see from the time period that terrible cruel deeds were quite possible, if not probable. I just can’t see the situation often coming up for them. And killing women and children wasn’t looked on favourably. Most people no doubt found it revolting. But there wasn’t a bright uncrossable line between innocents and acceptable targets, and at least one woman, Oume, was a victim of the Shinsengumi.