#terminal commandline automation shellscript

[nycinteractiveinstallation]

Automating Mouse Clicks and Key Presses

Using a handy command-line application called Cliclick you can automate keypresses and clicks. This is a useful tool for permanent interactive installations. For example, you could use it to click off dialog boxes on startup, or click on specific windows that need to be brought to the front most application, etc. Here is a quick demo to get started.

For Mac users you'll need to install Homebrew.

After you have installed this tool you can quickly and easily download and install other handy command-line applications in this case Cliclick.

Open up Terminal, type the following brew install cliclick

You should be able to run the command cliclick -h and you'll be given a list of all the commands you can use with this application.

Now while still in terminal navigate to an appropriate directory in my case the desktop will do. Run the command touch myNewCliclickApp

Run the command chmod u+x myNewClickApp to make that file you just created an executable.

Open up and text editor in my case Sublime Text and open the file you just created and write the following in that document:

``` #!/bin/sh

echo "Cliclick is clicking and writing on your page!"

cliclick c:640,320;

cliclick t:"Hello I'm your computer writing by myself in your text editor"

cliclick kp:enter

cliclick t:"Nothing weird about this at all"

``` and now 'Save'

IMPORTANT NOTE: Before running this script open up a blank 'Sublime Text' text document and maximize it's window. What this script will do when you run it is first click on the center of your page i.e. my screen resolution is 1280 X 640 / 2 = 640 X 320

Now in terminal you can run the command ./myNewCliclickApp and it will run the script you just wrote.

It should work something like this

[nycinteractiveinstallation]

Automated Shell Scripts using Launchd

Using Terminal commands to navigate and control your computer can be very useful. Running those commands together in a shell script can be even more useful, but executing it manually in my opinion seems to defeat the purpose. In my case I'm running OSX 10.11 which includes Launchd. It loads on boot and allows you to specify programs to execute, in my case a simple shell script.

There are inifinite practical applications for using this technique, in my experience I've found it useful for:

Getting diagnostics from a remote computer.

Making certain applications run on boot for easy installation startup.

Checking status of pjlink or other hardware.

In the following steps I'll discuss how to create a simple shell script and a launchd plist that will automate that shell script based on a specified time. I won't however get too in detail about the actual terminal commands, but if you're a terminal beginner I highly recommend running through the Code Academy tutorials.

Create Shell Script

Open up Terminal and enter the following command to create a new file.

touch testingShell

Now enter the following command to open a built-in Terminal text-editor.

nano testingShell

You now should be viewing the nano text editor. This is where you will write all the lines of commands you want to execute in one single shell script file. Here is a simple example that when executed will write the date and your ip address into a text file. Write the following and once finished hit Ctrl + X to save.

#!/bin/sh

date >> ~/Desktop/testOutput.txt

ifconfig en0 >> ~/Desktop/testOutput.txt

Now that you've created and saved the shell script which contains some terminal commands, you are ready to run the following command that will give that file the ability to execute.

chmod u+x testingShell

Finally, run this command to execute your shell script. Once you do you will notice that the testingShell script will create a text file called testOutput.txt (contained in the same directory as your shell script) with the date and time you ran that script, as well as the ip address of your computer.

./testingShell

Create Launchd Plist

Just like we did with the shell script above, we now want to create a launchd plist which will give us the ability to execute our shell script routinely at a specified date and time. Go ahead and run this first command.

touch ~/Library/LaunchAgents/com.yourusername.testLaunch.plist

You will notice that the last command created a file with the extension .plist in the LaunchAgents directory of your computer. It is crucial that you keep your plist in that folder for the computer to know to execute it. You will also notice that the file you just created has no content so run the next command.

nano ~/Library/LaunchAgents/com.yourusername.testLaunch.plist

Once again we will use nano editor to insert content into our plist. I would recommend using another text editor like Sublime Text when doing this in the future, but for our purposes nano will do just fine. Now copy and paste this linked text into you com.yourusername.testLaunch.plist file. Once again, when finished hit Ctrl + X to save your file modification.

Lastly, run the next three lines consecutively everytime you modify and save your plist file, otherwise it will fail to update.

launchctl unload com.yourusername.testLaunch.plist

launchctl load com.yourusername.testLaunch.plist

launchctl start com.yourusername.testLaunch.plist

If all goes well you should see that at the specified time in the plist a text file with the date and time, as well as your computer's ip address will pop-up on your desktop! If you run into issues a helpful command is launchctl list Your plist should be listed and have a PID number. Usually a status means something went wrong but it will give you a number to search out what may be the problem.