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The Many Types of Roses

For sure, a year won’t pass without you ordering fresh roses for same day delivery. But have you ever wondered about the type of rose you’re sending to your loved ones?

As of present time, there are about 150 known species of roses. Get to know some of them in this short rose classification guide. 

From the family Rosaceae and genus Rosa is the woody perennial flowering plant called Rose. While there hasn’t been a recognized classification of roses, rose flowers are generally categorized into two main groups:  the Species or the Wild Roses and the Garden Roses. The latter is subdivided into two:  the Modern roses and the Old Garden roses.

Species Roses

In photo: Rosa blanda and Rosa californica

The species are the very first roses. These are low-maintenance shrubs that bloom once every year. These are endemic to the Northern Hemisphere. Also known as wild roses, species roses grow naturally. They have five petals and are usually pink in colour although a few are in white, red and yellow shades. Among the famous species roses are Carolina Rose, Swamp Rose, Wood’s Wild Rose, Nootka Rose, and Prairie Rose.

Garden Roses

Garden roses are the ornamental hybrid roses we typically see in private and public gardens. These are available in various colours and are obviously larger than species roses.

Old Garden Roses

These are heritage or historic roses which existed before the first Modern Rose was introduced in la France in 1867. Old Garden Roses are generally of European or Mediterranean origin. They bloom once a year and have fragrant flowers in shades of pink, white and red. Old Garden Roses are further classified into the several groups.

In photo: Rosa alba "Felicité Pamentier"

Alba: white roses with gray-green foliage and fewer thorns; has the oldest garden roses

In photo: Pink Gallica Rose

Gallica: native to central and southern Europe and western Asia; available in shades of maroon, red and purplish crimson

Damask: strongly-scented shrub roses that existed hundreds of years before 1254

Centifolia: cabbage roses or Provence roses which appeared during the 17th century; known for their 100 petals and globular cabbage-like shape

Moss: has a pleasant balsam or wood scent

In photo: Rose de rescht, a Portland rose discovered in Persia

Portland: named after the Duchess of Portland who received the Scarlet Four Seasons’ Rose (aka The Portland Rose); all classes of Portland roses were derived from this rose

China: less fragrant and smaller blooms than European classes; most modern roses were built upon China roses

Tea: repeat-flowering roses with scent similar to Chinese black tea; available I pastel shades of yellow, pink, apricot and white

Bourbon: said to be a cross between a Damask and China rose; repeat-flowering, semi-climbing shrub with glossy leaves

Noisette: small-blossomed roses; Blush Noisette was the first Noisette that was  introduced in 1817

Other members of the Old Garden Roses that are not so popular are the hybrid perpetual roses, hybrid musk, hybrid rugosas, and the Bermuda mystery roses.

Modern Roses

In photo: Polyantha rose shrub, Red-blend of “Cherry Parfait” grandiflora, and a Leonardo da Vinci Floribunda Rose

Among the most notable classifications of modern garden roses are the Hybrid Tea which is the standard rose used and sold by florists all over the world, the Pernetiana roses and their high-valued apricot-orange shades, the low-maintenance Polyantha shrub that blooms prolifically, the Floribundas that are common in public parks, the Grandifloras particulary the famous Queen Elizabeth rose, the Miniatures which are smaller repeat-flowering roses commonly used as houseplants, the larger Modern Climbing roses, and the widely available English roses.

Other classifications of modern roses include Canadian Hardy, Landscape roses and Patio roses.